rod

package module
v0.107.5 Latest Latest
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 Go to latest Published: Oct 1, 2022 License: MIT Imports: 38 Imported by: 0

README

Overview

Go Reference Discord Chat

Documentation | API reference | Management | FAQ

Rod is a high-level driver directly based on DevTools Protocol. It's designed for web automation and scraping for both high-level and low-level use, senior developers can use the low-level packages and functions to easily customize or build up their own version of Rod, the high-level functions are just examples to build a default version of Rod.

Features

  • Chained context design, intuitive to timeout or cancel the long-running task
  • Auto-wait elements to be ready
  • Debugging friendly, auto input tracing, remote monitoring headless browser
  • Thread-safe for all operations
  • Automatically find or download browser
  • High-level helpers like WaitStable, WaitRequestIdle, HijackRequests, WaitDownload, etc
  • Two-step WaitEvent design, never miss an event (how it works)
  • Correctly handles nested iframes or shadow DOMs
  • No zombie browser process after the crash (how it works)
  • CI enforced 100% test coverage

Examples

Please check the examples_test.go file first, then check the examples folder.

For more detailed examples, please search the unit tests. Such as the usage of method HandleAuth, you can search all the *_test.go files that contain HandleAuth, for example, use Github online search in repository. You can also search the GitHub issues or discussions, a lot of usage examples are recorded there.

Here is a comparison of the examples between rod and Chromedp.

If you have questions, please raise an issues/discussions or join the chat room.

Join us

Your help is more than welcome! Even just open an issue to ask a question may greatly help others.

Please read How To Ask Questions The Smart Way before you ask questions.

We use Github Projects to manage tasks, you can see the priority and progress of the issues here.

If you want to contribute please read the Contributor Guide.

Documentation

Overview

Example

This example opens https://github.com/, searches for "git", and then gets the header element which gives the description for Git. 

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/input"
)

func main() {
	// Launch a new browser with default options, and connect to it.
	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()

	// Even you forget to close, rod will close it after main process ends.
	defer browser.MustClose()

	// Create a new page
	page := browser.MustPage("https://github.com")

	// We use css selector to get the search input element and input "git"
	page.MustElement("input").MustInput("git").MustType(input.Enter)

	// Wait until css selector get the element then get the text content of it.
	text := page.MustElement(".codesearch-results p").MustText()

	fmt.Println(text)

	// Get all input elements. Rod supports query elements by css selector, xpath, and regex.
	// For more detailed usage, check the query_test.go file.
	fmt.Println("Found", len(page.MustElements("input")), "input elements")

	// Eval js on the page
	page.MustEval(`() => console.log("hello world")`)

	// Pass parameters as json objects to the js function. This MustEval will result 3
	fmt.Println("1 + 2 =", page.MustEval(`(a, b) => a + b`, 1, 2).Int())

	// When eval on an element, "this" in the js is the current DOM element.
	fmt.Println(page.MustElement("title").MustEval(`() => this.innerText`).String())

}

Output:

Git is the most widely used version control system.
Found 5 input elements
1 + 2 = 3
Search · git · GitHub
Example (Context_and_timeout)

Rod use https://golang.org/pkg/context to handle cancelations for IO blocking operations, most times it's timeout. Context will be recursively passed to all sub-methods. For example, methods like Page.Context(ctx) will return a clone of the page with the ctx, all the methods of the returned page will use the ctx if they have IO blocking operations. Page.Timeout or Page.WithCancel is just a shortcut for Page.Context. Of course, Browser or Element works the same way. 

package main

import (
	"math/rand"
	"time"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
)

func main() {
	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage("https://github.com")

	page.
		// Set a 5-second timeout for all chained methods
		Timeout(5 * time.Second).

		// The total time for MustWaitLoad and MustElement must be less than 5 seconds
		MustWaitLoad().
		MustElement("title").

		// Methods after CancelTimeout won't be affected by the 5-second timeout
		CancelTimeout().

		// Set a 10-second timeout for all chained methods
		Timeout(10 * time.Second).

		// Panics if it takes more than 10 seconds
		MustText()

	// The two code blocks below are basically the same:
	{
		page.Timeout(5 * time.Second).MustElement("a").CancelTimeout()
	}
	{
		// Use this way you can customize your own way to cancel long-running task
		page, cancel := page.WithCancel()
		go func() {
			time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int())) // cancel after randomly time
			cancel()
		}()
		page.MustElement("a")
	}
}

Output:
Example (Customize_browser_launch)

Shows how we can further customize the browser with the launcher library. Usually you use launcher lib to set the browser's command line flags (switches). Doc for flags: https://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches 

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/launcher"
)

func main() {
	url := launcher.New().
		Proxy("127.0.0.1:8080").     // set flag "--proxy-server=127.0.0.1:8080"
		Delete("use-mock-keychain"). // delete flag "--use-mock-keychain"
		MustLaunch()

	browser := rod.New().ControlURL(url).MustConnect()
	defer browser.MustClose()

	// So that we don't have to self issue certs for MITM
	browser.MustIgnoreCertErrors(true)

	// Adding authentication to the proxy, for the next auth request.
	// We use CLI tool "mitmproxy --proxyauth user:pass" as an example.
	go browser.MustHandleAuth("user", "pass")()

	// mitmproxy needs a cert config to support https. We use http here instead,
	// for example
	fmt.Println(browser.MustPage("https://mdn.dev/").MustElement("title").MustText())
}

Output:
Example (Customize_retry_strategy)

Shows how to change the retry/polling options that is used to query elements. This is useful when you want to customize the element query retry logic. 

package main

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"time"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/utils"
)

func main() {
	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()
	defer browser.MustClose()

	page := browser.MustPage("https://github.com")

	// sleep for 0.5 seconds before every retry
	sleeper := func() utils.Sleeper {
		return func(context.Context) error {
			time.Sleep(time.Second / 2)
			return nil
		}
	}
	el, _ := page.Sleeper(sleeper).Element("input")
	fmt.Println(el.MustProperty("name"))

	// If sleeper is nil page.ElementE will query without retrying.
	// If nothing found it will return an error.
	el, err := page.Sleeper(rod.NotFoundSleeper).Element("input")
	if errors.Is(err, &rod.ErrElementNotFound{}) {
		fmt.Println("element not found")
	} else if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(el.MustProperty("name"))

}

Output:

q
q
Example (Direct_cdp)

When rod doesn't have a feature that you need. You can easily call the cdp to achieve it. List of cdp API: https://github.com/go-rod/rod/tree/master/lib/proto 

package main

import (
	"context"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/proto"
)

func main() {
	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage()

	// Rod doesn't have a method to enable AD blocking,
	// but you can call cdp interface directly to achieve it.

	// The two code blocks below are equal to enable AD blocking

	{
		_ = proto.PageSetAdBlockingEnabled{
			Enabled: true,
		}.Call(page)
	}

	{
		// Interact with the cdp JSON API directly
		_, _ = page.Call(context.TODO(), "", "Page.setAdBlockingEnabled", map[string]bool{
			"enabled": true,
		})
	}
}

Output:
Example (Disable_headless_to_debug)

Shows how to disable headless mode and debug. Rod provides a lot of debug options, you can set them with setter methods or use environment variables. Doc for environment variables: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/defaults 

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"time"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/input"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/launcher"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/utils"
)

func main() {
	// Headless runs the browser on foreground, you can also use flag "-rod=show"
	// Devtools opens the tab in each new tab opened automatically
	l := launcher.New().
		Headless(false).
		Devtools(true)

	defer l.Cleanup() // remove launcher.FlagUserDataDir

	url := l.MustLaunch()

	// Trace shows verbose debug information for each action executed
	// Slowmotion is a debug related function that waits 2 seconds between
	// each action, making it easier to inspect what your code is doing.
	browser := rod.New().
		ControlURL(url).
		Trace(true).
		SlowMotion(2 * time.Second).
		MustConnect()

	// ServeMonitor plays screenshots of each tab. This feature is extremely
	// useful when debugging with headless mode.
	// You can also enable it with flag "-rod=monitor"
	launcher.Open(browser.ServeMonitor(""))

	defer browser.MustClose()

	page := browser.MustPage("https://github.com/")

	page.MustElement("input").MustInput("git").MustType(input.Enter)

	text := page.MustElement(".codesearch-results p").MustText()

	fmt.Println(text)

	utils.Pause() // pause goroutine
}

Output:
Example (Download_file) 
package main

import (
	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/utils"
)

func main() {
	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()
	page := browser.MustPage("https://file-examples.com/index.php/sample-documents-download/sample-pdf-download/")

	wait := browser.MustWaitDownload()

	page.MustElementR("a", "DOWNLOAD SAMPLE PDF FILE").MustClick()

	_ = utils.OutputFile("t.pdf", wait())
}

Output:
Example (Error_handling)

We use "Must" prefixed functions to write example code. But in production you may want to use the no-prefix version of them. About why we use "Must" as the prefix, it's similar to https://golang.org/pkg/regexp/#MustCompile 

package main

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
)

func main() {
	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage("https://mdn.dev")

	// We use Go's standard way to check error types, no magic.
	check := func(err error) {
		var evalErr *rod.ErrEval
		if errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) { // timeout error
			fmt.Println("timeout err")
		} else if errors.As(err, &evalErr) { // eval error
			fmt.Println(evalErr.LineNumber)
		} else if err != nil {
			fmt.Println("can't handle", err)
		}
	}

	// The two code blocks below are doing the same thing in two styles:

	// The block below is better for debugging or quick scripting. We use panic to short-circuit logics.
	// So that we can take advantage of fluent interface (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluent_interface)
	// and fail-fast (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail-fast).
	// This style will reduce code, but it may also catch extra errors (less consistent and precise).
	{
		err := rod.Try(func() {
			fmt.Println(page.MustElement("a").MustHTML()) // use "Must" prefixed functions
		})
		check(err)
	}

	// The block below is better for production code. It's the standard way to handle errors.
	// Usually, this style is more consistent and precise.
	{
		el, err := page.Element("a")
		if err != nil {
			check(err)
			return
		}
		html, err := el.HTML()
		if err != nil {
			check(err)
			return
		}
		fmt.Println(html)
	}
}

Output:
Example (Eval_reuse_remote_object)

Shows how to share a remote object reference between two Eval 

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
)

func main() {
	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage()

	fn := page.MustEvaluate(rod.Eval(`() => Math.random`).ByObject())

	res := page.MustEval(`f => f()`, fn)

	// print a random number
	fmt.Println(res.Num())
}

Output:
Example (Handle_events)

Shows how to listen for events. 

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/proto"
)

func main() {
	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()
	defer browser.MustClose()

	page := browser.MustPage()

	done := make(chan struct{})

	// Listen for all events of console output.
	go page.EachEvent(func(e *proto.RuntimeConsoleAPICalled) {
		fmt.Println(page.MustObjectsToJSON(e.Args))
		close(done)
	})()

	wait := page.WaitEvent(&proto.PageLoadEventFired{})
	page.MustNavigate("https://mdn.dev")
	wait()

	// EachEvent allows us to achieve the same functionality as above.
	if false {
		// Subscribe events before they happen, run the "wait()" to start consuming
		// the events. We can return an optional stop signal to unsubscribe events.
		wait := page.EachEvent(func(e *proto.PageLoadEventFired) (stop bool) {
			return true
		})
		page.MustNavigate("https://mdn.dev")
		wait()
	}

	// Or the for-loop style to handle events to do the same thing above.
	if false {
		page.MustNavigate("https://mdn.dev")

		for msg := range page.Event() {
			e := proto.PageLoadEventFired{}
			if msg.Load(&e) {
				break
			}
		}
	}

	page.MustEval(`() => console.log("hello", "world")`)

	<-done

}

Output:

[hello world]
Example (Hijack_requests)

Shows how to intercept requests and modify both the request and the response. The entire process of hijacking one request: 

browser --req-> rod ---> server ---> rod --res-> browser

The --req-> and --res-> are the parts that can be modified. 

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
)

func main() {
	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()
	defer browser.MustClose()

	router := browser.HijackRequests()
	defer router.MustStop()

	router.MustAdd("*.js", func(ctx *rod.Hijack) {
		// Here we update the request's header. Rod gives functionality to
		// change or update all parts of the request. Refer to the documentation
		// for more information.
		ctx.Request.Req().Header.Set("My-Header", "test")

		// LoadResponse runs the default request to the destination of the request.
		// Not calling this will require you to mock the entire response.
		// This can be done with the SetXxx (Status, Header, Body) functions on the
		// ctx.Response struct.
		_ = ctx.LoadResponse(http.DefaultClient, true)

		// Here we append some code to every js file.
		// The code will update the document title to "hi"
		ctx.Response.SetBody(ctx.Response.Body() + "\n document.title = 'hi' ")
	})

	go router.Run()

	browser.MustPage("https://go-rod.github.io").MustWait(`() => document.title === 'hi'`)

	fmt.Println("done")

}

Output:

done
Example (Load_extension) 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"path/filepath"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/launcher"
)

func main() {
	extPath, _ := filepath.Abs("fixtures/chrome-extension")

	u := launcher.New().
		// Must use abs path for an extension
		Set("load-extension", extPath).
		// Headless mode doesn't support extension yet.
		// Reason: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=706008#c5
		// You can use XVFB to get rid of it: https://github.com/go-rod/rod/blob/master/lib/examples/launch-managed/main.go
		Headless(false).
		MustLaunch()

	page := rod.New().ControlURL(u).MustConnect().MustPage("http://mdn.dev")

	page.MustWait(`() => document.title === 'test-extension'`)

	fmt.Println("ok")

	// Skip
	

Output:
Example (Log_cdp_traffic) 
package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/cdp"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/launcher"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/utils"
)

func main() {
	cdp := cdp.New().
		// Here we can customize how to log the requests, responses, and events transferred between Rod and the browser.
		Logger(utils.Log(func(args ...interface{}) {
			switch v := args[0].(type) {
			case *cdp.Request:
				fmt.Printf("id: %d", v.ID)
			}
		})).
		Start(cdp.MustConnectWS(launcher.New().MustLaunch()))

	rod.New().Client(cdp).MustConnect().MustPage("http://mdn.dev")
}

Output:
Example (Page_pdf) 
package main

import (
	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/proto"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/utils"
	"github.com/ysmood/gson"
)

func main() {
	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage("https://github.com").MustWaitLoad()

	// simple version
	page.MustPDF("my.pdf")

	// customized version
	pdf, _ := page.PDF(&proto.PagePrintToPDF{
		PaperWidth:  gson.Num(8.5),
		PaperHeight: gson.Num(11),
		PageRanges:  "1-3",
	})
	_ = utils.OutputFile("my.pdf", pdf)
}

Output:
Example (Page_screenshot) 
package main

import (
	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/proto"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/utils"
	"github.com/ysmood/gson"
)

func main() {
	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage("https://github.com").MustWaitLoad()

	// simple version
	page.MustScreenshot("my.png")

	// customization version
	img, _ := page.Screenshot(true, &proto.PageCaptureScreenshot{
		Format:  proto.PageCaptureScreenshotFormatJpeg,
		Quality: gson.Int(90),
		Clip: &proto.PageViewport{
			X:      0,
			Y:      0,
			Width:  300,
			Height: 200,
			Scale:  1,
		},
		FromSurface: true,
	})
	_ = utils.OutputFile("my.jpg", img)
}

Output:
Example (Race_selectors)

Show how to handle multiple results of an action. Such as when you login a page, the result can be success or wrong password. 

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/input"
)

func main() {
	const username = ""
	const password = ""

	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()

	page := browser.MustPage("https://leetcode.com/accounts/login/")

	page.MustElement("#id_login").MustInput(username)
	page.MustElement("#id_password").MustInput(password).MustType(input.Enter)

	// It will keep retrying until one selector has found a match
	elm := page.Race().Element(".nav-user-icon-base").MustHandle(func(e *rod.Element) {
		// print the username after successful login
		fmt.Println(*e.MustAttribute("title"))
	}).Element("[data-cy=sign-in-error]").MustDo()

	if elm.MustMatches("[data-cy=sign-in-error]") {
		// when wrong username or password
		panic(elm.MustText())
	}
}

Output:
Example (States)

Shows how to update the state of the current page. In this example we enable the network domain. 

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/proto"
)

func main() {
	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()
	defer browser.MustClose()

	page := browser.MustPage()

	// LoadState detects whether the network domain is enabled or not.
	fmt.Println(page.LoadState(&proto.NetworkEnable{}))

	_ = proto.NetworkEnable{}.Call(page)

	// Check if the network domain is successfully enabled.
	fmt.Println(page.LoadState(&proto.NetworkEnable{}))

}

Output:

false
true
Example (Wait_for_animation)

Rod uses mouse cursor to simulate clicks, so if a button is moving because of animation, the click may not work as expected. We usually use WaitStable to make sure the target isn't changing anymore. 

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
)

func main() {
	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()
	defer browser.MustClose()

	page := browser.MustPage("https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/components/modal/")

	page.MustWaitLoad().MustElement("[data-target='#exampleModalLive']").MustClick()

	saveBtn := page.MustElementR("#exampleModalLive button", "Close")

	// Here, WaitStable will wait until the button's position and size become stable.
	saveBtn.MustWaitStable().MustClick().MustWaitInvisible()

	fmt.Println("done")

}

Output:

done
Example (Wait_for_request)

When you want to wait for an ajax request to complete, this example will be useful. 

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
)

func main() {
	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()
	defer browser.MustClose()

	page := browser.MustPage("https://duckduckgo.com/")

	// Start to analyze request events
	wait := page.MustWaitRequestIdle()

	// This will trigger the search ajax request
	page.MustElement("#search_form_input_homepage").MustClick().MustInput("lisp")

	// Wait until there's no active requests
	wait()

	// We want to make sure that after waiting, there are some autocomplete
	// suggestions available.
	fmt.Println(len(page.MustElements(".search__autocomplete .acp")) > 0)

}

Output:

true

Index

Examples

Constants

View Source 
const MaxVideoFrame = 20000

MaxVideoFrame prevent video non stop recording, memory may not enough if fps = 50, 20000 max frame mean you can capture 400s second video

Variables

View Source 
var DefaultLogger = log.New(os.Stdout, "[rod] ", log.LstdFlags)

DefaultLogger for rod

View Source 
var DefaultSleeper = func() utils.Sleeper {
	return utils.BackoffSleeper(100*time.Millisecond, time.Second, nil)
}

DefaultSleeper generates the default sleeper for retry, it uses backoff to grow the interval. The growth looks like: 

A(0) = 100ms, A(n) = A(n-1) * random[1.9, 2.1), A(n) < 1s

Why the default is not RequestAnimationFrame or DOM change events is because of if a retry never ends it can easily flood the program. But you can always easily config it into what you want.

Functions

func NotFoundSleeper 

func NotFoundSleeper() utils.Sleeper

NotFoundSleeper returns ErrElementNotFound on the first call

func Try 

func Try(fn func()) (err error)

Try try fn with recover, return the panic as rod.ErrTry

Types

type Browser 

type Browser struct {
	// BrowserContextID is the id for incognito window
	BrowserContextID proto.BrowserBrowserContextID
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Browser represents the browser. It doesn't depends on file system, it should work with remote browser seamlessly. To check the env var you can use to quickly enable options from CLI, check here: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/defaults

func New 

func New() *Browser

New creates a controller. DefaultDevice to emulate is set to devices.LaptopWithMDPIScreen.Landescape(), it can make the actual view area smaller than the browser window on headful mode, you can use NoDefaultDevice to disable it.

func (*Browser) Call 

func (b *Browser) Call(ctx context.Context, sessionID, methodName string, params interface{}) (res []byte, err error)

Call raw cdp interface directly

func (*Browser) CancelTimeout 

func (b *Browser) CancelTimeout() *Browser

CancelTimeout cancels the current timeout context and returns a clone with the parent context

func (*Browser) Client 

func (b *Browser) Client(c CDPClient) *Browser

Client set the cdp client

func (*Browser) Close 

func (b *Browser) Close() error

Close the browser

func (*Browser) Connect 

func (b *Browser) Connect() error

Connect to the browser and start to control it. If fails to connect, try to launch a local browser, if local browser not found try to download one.

func (*Browser) Context 

func (b *Browser) Context(ctx context.Context) *Browser

Context returns a clone with the specified ctx for chained sub-operations

func (*Browser) ControlURL 

func (b *Browser) ControlURL(url string) *Browser

ControlURL set the url to remote control browser.

func (*Browser) DefaultDevice 

func (b *Browser) DefaultDevice(d devices.Device) *Browser

DefaultDevice sets the default device for new page to emulate in the future. Default is devices.LaptopWithMDPIScreen . Set it to devices.Clear to disable it.

func (*Browser) DisableDomain 

func (b *Browser) DisableDomain(sessionID proto.TargetSessionID, req proto.Request) (restore func())

DisableDomain and returns a restore function to restore previous state

func (*Browser) EachEvent 

func (b *Browser) EachEvent(callbacks ...interface{}) (wait func())

EachEvent is similar to Page.EachEvent, but catches events of the entire browser.

func (*Browser) EnableDomain 

func (b *Browser) EnableDomain(sessionID proto.TargetSessionID, req proto.Request) (restore func())

EnableDomain and returns a restore function to restore previous state

func (*Browser) Event 

func (b *Browser) Event() <-chan *Message

Event of the browser

func (*Browser) GetContext 

func (b *Browser) GetContext() context.Context

GetContext of current instance

func (*Browser) GetCookies 

func (b *Browser) GetCookies() ([]*proto.NetworkCookie, error)

GetCookies from the browser

func (*Browser) HandleAuth 

func (b *Browser) HandleAuth(username, password string) func() error

HandleAuth for the next basic HTTP authentication. It will prevent the popup that requires user to input user name and password. Ref: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Authentication

func (*Browser) HijackRequests 

func (b *Browser) HijackRequests() *HijackRouter

HijackRequests same as Page.HijackRequests, but can intercept requests of the entire browser.

func (*Browser) IgnoreCertErrors 

func (b *Browser) IgnoreCertErrors(enable bool) error

IgnoreCertErrors switch. If enabled, all certificate errors will be ignored.

func (*Browser) Incognito 

func (b *Browser) Incognito() (*Browser, error)

Incognito creates a new incognito browser

func (*Browser) LoadState 

func (b *Browser) LoadState(sessionID proto.TargetSessionID, method proto.Request) (has bool)

LoadState into the method, seesionID can be empty.

func (*Browser) Logger 

func (b *Browser) Logger(l utils.Logger) *Browser

Logger overrides the default log functions for tracing

func (*Browser) Monitor 

func (b *Browser) Monitor(url string) *Browser

Monitor address to listen if not empty. Shortcut for Browser.ServeMonitor

func (*Browser) MustClose 

func (b *Browser) MustClose()

MustClose is similar to Browser.Close

func (*Browser) MustConnect 

func (b *Browser) MustConnect() *Browser

MustConnect is similar to Browser.Connect

func (*Browser) MustGetCookies 

func (b *Browser) MustGetCookies() []*proto.NetworkCookie

MustGetCookies is similar Browser.GetCookies

func (*Browser) MustHandleAuth 

func (b *Browser) MustHandleAuth(username, password string) (wait func())

MustHandleAuth is similar to Browser.HandleAuth

func (*Browser) MustIgnoreCertErrors 

func (b *Browser) MustIgnoreCertErrors(enable bool) *Browser

MustIgnoreCertErrors is similar to Browser.IgnoreCertErrors

func (*Browser) MustIncognito 

func (b *Browser) MustIncognito() *Browser

MustIncognito is similar to Browser.Incognito

func (*Browser) MustPage 

func (b *Browser) MustPage(url ...string) *Page

MustPage is similar to Browser.Page. The url list will be joined by "/".

func (*Browser) MustPageFromTargetID 

func (b *Browser) MustPageFromTargetID(targetID proto.TargetTargetID) *Page

MustPageFromTargetID is similar to Browser.PageFromTargetID

func (*Browser) MustPages 

func (b *Browser) MustPages() Pages

MustPages is similar to Browser.Pages

func (*Browser) MustSetCookies 

func (b *Browser) MustSetCookies(cookies ...*proto.NetworkCookie) *Browser

MustSetCookies is similar Browser.SetCookies. If the len(cookies) is 0 it will clear all the cookies.

func (*Browser) MustVersion 

func (b *Browser) MustVersion() *proto.BrowserGetVersionResult

MustVersion is similar to Browser.Version.

func (*Browser) MustWaitDownload 

func (b *Browser) MustWaitDownload() func() []byte

MustWaitDownload is similar to Browser.WaitDownload. It will read the file into bytes then remove the file.

func (*Browser) NoDefaultDevice 

func (b *Browser) NoDefaultDevice() *Browser

NoDefaultDevice is the same as DefaultDevice(devices.Clear)

func (*Browser) Page 

func (b *Browser) Page(opts proto.TargetCreateTarget) (p *Page, err error)

Page creates a new browser tab. If opts.URL is empty, the default target will be "about:blank".

func (*Browser) PageFromSession 

func (b *Browser) PageFromSession(sessionID proto.TargetSessionID) *Page

PageFromSession is used for low-level debugging

func (*Browser) PageFromTarget 

func (b *Browser) PageFromTarget(targetID proto.TargetTargetID) (*Page, error)

PageFromTarget gets or creates a Page instance.

func (*Browser) Pages 

func (b *Browser) Pages() (Pages, error)

Pages retrieves all visible pages

func (*Browser) RemoveState 

func (b *Browser) RemoveState(key interface{})

RemoveState a state

func (*Browser) ServeMonitor 

func (b *Browser) ServeMonitor(host string) string

ServeMonitor starts the monitor server. The reason why not to use "chrome://inspect/#devices" is one target cannot be driven by multiple controllers.

func (*Browser) SetCookies 

func (b *Browser) SetCookies(cookies []*proto.NetworkCookieParam) error

SetCookies to the browser. If the cookies is nil it will clear all the cookies.

func (*Browser) Sleeper 

func (b *Browser) Sleeper(sleeper func() utils.Sleeper) *Browser

Sleeper returns a clone with the specified sleeper for chained sub-operations

func (*Browser) SlowMotion 

func (b *Browser) SlowMotion(delay time.Duration) *Browser

SlowMotion set the delay for each control action, such as the simulation of the human inputs

func (*Browser) Timeout 

func (b *Browser) Timeout(d time.Duration) *Browser

Timeout returns a clone with the specified total timeout of all chained sub-operations

func (*Browser) Trace 

func (b *Browser) Trace(enable bool) *Browser

Trace enables/disables the visual tracing of the input actions on the page

func (*Browser) Version 

func (b *Browser) Version() (*proto.BrowserGetVersionResult, error)

Version info of the browser

func (*Browser) WaitDownload 

func (b *Browser) WaitDownload(dir string) func() (info *proto.PageDownloadWillBegin)

WaitDownload returns a helper to get the next download file. The file path will be: 

filepath.Join(dir, info.GUID)

func (*Browser) WaitEvent 

func (b *Browser) WaitEvent(e proto.Event) (wait func())

WaitEvent waits for the next event for one time. It will also load the data into the event object.

func (*Browser) WithCancel 

func (b *Browser) WithCancel() (*Browser, func())

WithCancel returns a clone with a context cancel function

func (*Browser) WithPanic 

func (b *Browser) WithPanic(fail func(interface{})) *Browser

WithPanic returns a browser clone with the specified panic function. The fail must stop the current goroutine's execution immediately, such as use runtime.Goexit() or panic inside it.

type BrowserPool 

type BrowserPool chan *Browser

BrowserPool to thread-safely limit the number of browsers at the same time. It's a common practice to use a channel to limit concurrency, it's not special for rod. This helper is more like an example to use Go Channel. Reference: https://golang.org/doc/effective_go#channels

func NewBrowserPool 

func NewBrowserPool(limit int) BrowserPool

NewBrowserPool instance

func (BrowserPool) Cleanup 

func (bp BrowserPool) Cleanup(iteratee func(*Browser))

Cleanup helper

func (BrowserPool) Get 

func (bp BrowserPool) Get(create func() *Browser) *Browser

Get a browser from the pool. Use the BrowserPool.Put to make it reusable later.

func (BrowserPool) Put 

func (bp BrowserPool) Put(p *Browser)

Put a browser back to the pool

type CDPClient 

type CDPClient interface {
	Event() <-chan *cdp.Event
	Call(ctx context.Context, sessionID, method string, params interface{}) ([]byte, error)
}

CDPClient is usually used to make rod side-effect free. Such as proxy all IO of rod.

type Element 

type Element struct {
	Object *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Element represents the DOM element

func (*Element) Attribute 

func (el *Element) Attribute(name string) (*string, error)

Attribute of the DOM object. Attribute vs Property: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6003819/what-is-the-difference-between-properties-and-attributes-in-html

func (*Element) BackgroundImage 

func (el *Element) BackgroundImage() ([]byte, error)

BackgroundImage returns the css background-image of the element

func (*Element) Blur 

func (el *Element) Blur() error

Blur is similar to the method Blur

func (*Element) Call 

func (el *Element) Call(ctx context.Context, sessionID, methodName string, params interface{}) (res []byte, err error)

Call implements the proto.Client

func (*Element) CancelTimeout 

func (el *Element) CancelTimeout() *Element

CancelTimeout cancels the current timeout context and returns a clone with the parent context

func (*Element) CanvasToImage 

func (el *Element) CanvasToImage(format string, quality float64) ([]byte, error)

CanvasToImage get image data of a canvas. The default format is image/png. The default quality is 0.92. doc: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLCanvasElement/toDataURL

func (*Element) Click 

func (el *Element) Click(button proto.InputMouseButton) error

Click will press then release the button just like a human. Before the action, it will try to scroll to the element, hover the mouse over it, wait until the it's interactable and enabled.

func (*Element) ContainsElement 

func (el *Element) ContainsElement(target *Element) (bool, error)

ContainsElement check if the target is equal or inside the element.

func (*Element) Context 

func (el *Element) Context(ctx context.Context) *Element

Context returns a clone with the specified ctx for chained sub-operations

func (*Element) Describe 

func (el *Element) Describe(depth int, pierce bool) (*proto.DOMNode, error)

Describe the current element. The depth is the maximum depth at which children should be retrieved, defaults to 1, use -1 for the entire subtree or provide an integer larger than 0. The pierce decides whether or not iframes and shadow roots should be traversed when returning the subtree. The returned proto.DOMNode.NodeID will always be empty, because NodeID is not stable (when proto.DOMDocumentUpdated is fired all NodeID on the page will be reassigned to another value) we don't recommend using the NodeID, instead, use the BackendNodeID to identify the element.

func (*Element) Element 

func (el *Element) Element(selector string) (*Element, error)

Element returns the first child that matches the css selector

func (*Element) ElementByJS 

func (el *Element) ElementByJS(opts *EvalOptions) (*Element, error)

ElementByJS returns the element from the return value of the js

func (*Element) ElementR 

func (el *Element) ElementR(selector, jsRegex string) (*Element, error)

ElementR returns the first child element that matches the css selector and its text matches the jsRegex.

func (*Element) ElementX 

func (el *Element) ElementX(xPath string) (*Element, error)

ElementX returns the first child that matches the XPath selector

func (*Element) Elements 

func (el *Element) Elements(selector string) (Elements, error)

Elements returns all elements that match the css selector

func (*Element) ElementsByJS 

func (el *Element) ElementsByJS(opts *EvalOptions) (Elements, error)

ElementsByJS returns the elements from the return value of the js

func (*Element) ElementsX 

func (el *Element) ElementsX(xpath string) (Elements, error)

ElementsX returns all elements that match the XPath selector

func (*Element) Equal 

func (el *Element) Equal(elm *Element) (bool, error)

Equal checks if the two elements are equal.

func (*Element) Eval 

func (el *Element) Eval(js string, params ...interface{}) (*proto.RuntimeRemoteObject, error)

Eval is a shortcut for Element.Evaluate with AwaitPromise, ByValue and AutoExp set to true.

func (*Element) Evaluate 

func (el *Element) Evaluate(opts *EvalOptions) (*proto.RuntimeRemoteObject, error)

Evaluate is just a shortcut of Page.Evaluate with This set to current element.

func (*Element) Focus 

func (el *Element) Focus() error

Focus sets focus on the specified element. Before the action, it will try to scroll to the element.

func (*Element) Frame 

func (el *Element) Frame() (*Page, error)

Frame creates a page instance that represents the iframe

func (*Element) GetContext 

func (el *Element) GetContext() context.Context

GetContext of current instance

func (*Element) GetSessionID 

func (el *Element) GetSessionID() proto.TargetSessionID

GetSessionID interface

func (*Element) HTML 

func (el *Element) HTML() (string, error)

HTML of the element

func (*Element) Has 

func (el *Element) Has(selector string) (bool, *Element, error)

Has an element that matches the css selector

func (*Element) HasR 

func (el *Element) HasR(selector, jsRegex string) (bool, *Element, error)

HasR returns true if a child element that matches the css selector and its text matches the jsRegex.

func (*Element) HasX 

func (el *Element) HasX(selector string) (bool, *Element, error)

HasX an element that matches the XPath selector

func (*Element) Hover 

func (el *Element) Hover() error

Hover the mouse over the center of the element. Before the action, it will try to scroll to the element and wait until it's interactable.

func (*Element) Input 

func (el *Element) Input(text string) error

Input focuses on the element and input text to it. Before the action, it will scroll to the element, wait until it's visible, enabled and writable. To empty the input you can use something like el.SelectAllText().MustInput("")

func (*Element) InputTime 

func (el *Element) InputTime(t time.Time) error

InputTime focuses on the element and input time to it. Before the action, it will scroll to the element, wait until it's visible, enabled and writable. It will wait until the element is visible, enabled and writable.

func (*Element) Interactable 

func (el *Element) Interactable() (pt *proto.Point, err error)

Interactable checks if the element is interactable with cursor. The cursor can be mouse, finger, stylus, etc. If not interactable err will be ErrNotInteractable, such as when covered by a modal,

func (*Element) KeyActions 

func (el *Element) KeyActions() (*KeyActions, error)

KeyActions is similar with Page.KeyActions. Before the action, it will try to scroll to the element and focus on it.

func (*Element) Matches 

func (el *Element) Matches(selector string) (bool, error)

Matches checks if the element can be selected by the css selector

func (*Element) MoveMouseOut 

func (el *Element) MoveMouseOut() error

MoveMouseOut of the current element

func (*Element) MustAttribute 

func (el *Element) MustAttribute(name string) *string

MustAttribute is similar to Element.Attribute

func (*Element) MustBackgroundImage 

func (el *Element) MustBackgroundImage() []byte

MustBackgroundImage is similar to Element.BackgroundImage

func (*Element) MustBlur 

func (el *Element) MustBlur() *Element

MustBlur is similar to Element.Blur

func (*Element) MustCanvasToImage 

func (el *Element) MustCanvasToImage() []byte

MustCanvasToImage is similar to Element.CanvasToImage

func (*Element) MustClick 

func (el *Element) MustClick() *Element

MustClick is similar to Element.Click

func (*Element) MustContainsElement 

func (el *Element) MustContainsElement(target *Element) bool

MustContainsElement is similar to Element.ContainsElement

func (*Element) MustDescribe 

func (el *Element) MustDescribe() *proto.DOMNode

MustDescribe is similar to Element.Describe

func (*Element) MustElement 

func (el *Element) MustElement(selector string) *Element

MustElement is similar to Element.Element

func (*Element) MustElementByJS 

func (el *Element) MustElementByJS(js string, params ...interface{}) *Element

MustElementByJS is similar to Element.ElementByJS

func (*Element) MustElementR 

func (el *Element) MustElementR(selector, regex string) *Element

MustElementR is similar to Element.ElementR

func (*Element) MustElementX 

func (el *Element) MustElementX(xpath string) *Element

MustElementX is similar to Element.ElementX

func (*Element) MustElements 

func (el *Element) MustElements(selector string) Elements

MustElements is similar to Element.Elements

func (*Element) MustElementsByJS 

func (el *Element) MustElementsByJS(js string, params ...interface{}) Elements

MustElementsByJS is similar to Element.ElementsByJS

func (*Element) MustElementsX 

func (el *Element) MustElementsX(xpath string) Elements

MustElementsX is similar to Element.ElementsX

func (*Element) MustEqual 

func (el *Element) MustEqual(elm *Element) bool

MustEqual is similar to Element.Equal

func (*Element) MustEval 

func (el *Element) MustEval(js string, params ...interface{}) gson.JSON

MustEval is similar to Element.Eval

func (*Element) MustFocus 

func (el *Element) MustFocus() *Element

MustFocus is similar to Element.Focus

func (*Element) MustFrame 

func (el *Element) MustFrame() *Page

MustFrame is similar to Element.Frame

func (*Element) MustHTML 

func (el *Element) MustHTML() string

MustHTML is similar to Element.HTML

func (*Element) MustHas 

func (el *Element) MustHas(selector string) bool

MustHas is similar to Element.Has

func (*Element) MustHasR 

func (el *Element) MustHasR(selector, regex string) bool

MustHasR is similar to Element.HasR

func (*Element) MustHasX 

func (el *Element) MustHasX(selector string) bool

MustHasX is similar to Element.HasX

func (*Element) MustHover 

func (el *Element) MustHover() *Element

MustHover is similar to Element.Hover

func (*Element) MustInput 

func (el *Element) MustInput(text string) *Element

MustInput is similar to Element.Input

func (*Element) MustInputTime 

func (el *Element) MustInputTime(t time.Time) *Element

MustInputTime is similar to Element.Input

func (*Element) MustInteractable 

func (el *Element) MustInteractable() bool

MustInteractable is similar to Element.Interactable

func (*Element) MustKeyActions 

func (el *Element) MustKeyActions() *KeyActions

MustKeyActions is similar to Element.KeyActions

func (*Element) MustMatches 

func (el *Element) MustMatches(selector string) bool

MustMatches is similar to Element.Matches

func (*Element) MustMoveMouseOut 

func (el *Element) MustMoveMouseOut() *Element

MustMoveMouseOut is similar to Element.MoveMouseOut

func (*Element) MustNext 

func (el *Element) MustNext() *Element

MustNext is similar to Element.Next

func (*Element) MustParent 

func (el *Element) MustParent() *Element

MustParent is similar to Element.Parent

func (*Element) MustParents 

func (el *Element) MustParents(selector string) Elements

MustParents is similar to Element.Parents

func (*Element) MustPrevious 

func (el *Element) MustPrevious() *Element

MustPrevious is similar to Element.Previous

func (*Element) MustProperty 

func (el *Element) MustProperty(name string) gson.JSON

MustProperty is similar to Element.Property

func (*Element) MustRelease 

func (el *Element) MustRelease()

MustRelease is similar to Element.Release

func (*Element) MustRemove 

func (el *Element) MustRemove()

MustRemove the element from the page

func (*Element) MustResource 

func (el *Element) MustResource() []byte

MustResource is similar to Element.Resource

func (*Element) MustScreenshot 

func (el *Element) MustScreenshot(toFile ...string) []byte

MustScreenshot is similar to Element.Screenshot

func (*Element) MustScrollIntoView 

func (el *Element) MustScrollIntoView() *Element

MustScrollIntoView is similar to Element.ScrollIntoView

func (*Element) MustSelect 

func (el *Element) MustSelect(selectors ...string) *Element

MustSelect is similar to Element.Select

func (*Element) MustSelectAllText 

func (el *Element) MustSelectAllText() *Element

MustSelectAllText is similar to Element.SelectAllText

func (*Element) MustSelectText 

func (el *Element) MustSelectText(regex string) *Element

MustSelectText is similar to Element.SelectText

func (*Element) MustSetFiles 

func (el *Element) MustSetFiles(paths ...string) *Element

MustSetFiles is similar to Element.SetFiles

func (*Element) MustShadowRoot 

func (el *Element) MustShadowRoot() *Element

MustShadowRoot is similar to Element.ShadowRoot

func (*Element) MustShape 

func (el *Element) MustShape() *proto.DOMGetContentQuadsResult

MustShape is similar to Element.Shape

func (*Element) MustTap 

func (el *Element) MustTap() *Element

MustTap is similar to Element.Tap

func (*Element) MustText 

func (el *Element) MustText() string

MustText is similar to Element.Text

func (*Element) MustType 

func (el *Element) MustType(keys ...input.Key) *Element

MustType is similar to Element.Type

func (*Element) MustVisible 

func (el *Element) MustVisible() bool

MustVisible is similar to Element.Visible

func (*Element) MustWait 

func (el *Element) MustWait(js string, params ...interface{}) *Element

MustWait is similar to Element.Wait

func (*Element) MustWaitEnabled 

func (el *Element) MustWaitEnabled() *Element

MustWaitEnabled is similar to Element.WaitEnabled

func (*Element) MustWaitInteractable 

func (el *Element) MustWaitInteractable() *Element

MustWaitInteractable is similar to Element.WaitInteractable

func (*Element) MustWaitInvisible 

func (el *Element) MustWaitInvisible() *Element

MustWaitInvisible is similar to Element.WaitInvisible

func (*Element) MustWaitLoad 

func (el *Element) MustWaitLoad() *Element

MustWaitLoad is similar to Element.WaitLoad

func (*Element) MustWaitStable 

func (el *Element) MustWaitStable() *Element

MustWaitStable is similar to Element.WaitStable

func (*Element) MustWaitVisible 

func (el *Element) MustWaitVisible() *Element

MustWaitVisible is similar to Element.WaitVisible

func (*Element) MustWaitWritable 

func (el *Element) MustWaitWritable() *Element

MustWaitWritable is similar to Element.WaitWritable

func (*Element) Next 

func (el *Element) Next() (*Element, error)

Next returns the next sibling element in the DOM tree

func (*Element) Overlay 

func (el *Element) Overlay(msg string) (removeOverlay func())

Overlay msg on the element

func (*Element) Page 

func (el *Element) Page() *Page

Page of the element

func (*Element) Parent 

func (el *Element) Parent() (*Element, error)

Parent returns the parent element in the DOM tree

func (*Element) Parents 

func (el *Element) Parents(selector string) (Elements, error)

Parents that match the selector

func (*Element) Previous 

func (el *Element) Previous() (*Element, error)

Previous returns the previous sibling element in the DOM tree

func (*Element) Property 

func (el *Element) Property(name string) (gson.JSON, error)

Property of the DOM object. Property vs Attribute: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6003819/what-is-the-difference-between-properties-and-attributes-in-html

func (*Element) Release 

func (el *Element) Release() error

Release is a shortcut for Page.Release(el.Object)

func (*Element) Remove 

func (el *Element) Remove() error

Remove the element from the page

func (*Element) Resource 

func (el *Element) Resource() ([]byte, error)

Resource returns the "src" content of current element. Such as the jpg of <img src="a.jpg">

func (*Element) Screenshot 

func (el *Element) Screenshot(format proto.PageCaptureScreenshotFormat, quality int) ([]byte, error)

Screenshot of the area of the element

func (*Element) ScrollIntoView 

func (el *Element) ScrollIntoView() error

ScrollIntoView scrolls the current element into the visible area of the browser window if it's not already within the visible area.

func (*Element) Select 

func (el *Element) Select(selectors []string, selected bool, t SelectorType) error

Select the children option elements that match the selectors. Before the action, it will scroll to the element, wait until it's visible. If no option matches the selectors, it will return ErrElementNotFound.

func (*Element) SelectAllText 

func (el *Element) SelectAllText() error

SelectAllText selects all text Before the action, it will try to scroll to the element and focus on it.

func (*Element) SelectText 

func (el *Element) SelectText(regex string) error

SelectText selects the text that matches the regular expression. Before the action, it will try to scroll to the element and focus on it.

func (*Element) SetFiles 

func (el *Element) SetFiles(paths []string) error

SetFiles of the current file input element

func (*Element) ShadowRoot 

func (el *Element) ShadowRoot() (*Element, error)

ShadowRoot returns the shadow root of this element

func (*Element) Shape 

func (el *Element) Shape() (*proto.DOMGetContentQuadsResult, error)

Shape of the DOM element content. The shape is a group of 4-sides polygons (4-gons). A 4-gon is not necessary a rectangle. 4-gons can be apart from each other. For example, we use 2 4-gons to describe the shape below: 

  ____________          ____________
 /        ___/    =    /___________/    +     _________
/________/                                   /________/

func (*Element) Sleeper 

func (el *Element) Sleeper(sleeper func() utils.Sleeper) *Element

Sleeper returns a clone with the specified sleeper for chained sub-operations

func (*Element) String 

func (el *Element) String() string

String interface

func (*Element) Tap 

func (el *Element) Tap() error

Tap will scroll to the button and tap it just like a human. Before the action, it will try to scroll to the element and wait until it's interactable and enabled.

func (*Element) Text 

func (el *Element) Text() (string, error)

Text that the element displays

func (*Element) Timeout 

func (el *Element) Timeout(d time.Duration) *Element

Timeout returns a clone with the specified total timeout of all chained sub-operations

func (*Element) Type 

func (el *Element) Type(keys ...input.Key) error

Type is similar with Keyboard.Type. Before the action, it will try to scroll to the element and focus on it.

func (*Element) Visible 

func (el *Element) Visible() (bool, error)

Visible returns true if the element is visible on the page

func (*Element) Wait 

func (el *Element) Wait(opts *EvalOptions) error

Wait until the js returns true

func (*Element) WaitEnabled 

func (el *Element) WaitEnabled() error

WaitEnabled until the element is not disabled. Doc for readonly: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/readonly

func (*Element) WaitInteractable 

func (el *Element) WaitInteractable() (pt *proto.Point, err error)

WaitInteractable waits for the element to be interactable. It will try to scroll to the element on each try.

func (*Element) WaitInvisible 

func (el *Element) WaitInvisible() error

WaitInvisible until the element invisible

func (*Element) WaitLoad 

func (el *Element) WaitLoad() error

WaitLoad for element like <img>

func (*Element) WaitStable 

func (el *Element) WaitStable(d time.Duration) error

WaitStable waits until no shape or position change for d duration. Be careful, d is not the max wait timeout, it's the least stable time. If you want to set a timeout you can use the "Element.Timeout" function.

func (*Element) WaitStableRAF 

func (el *Element) WaitStableRAF() error

WaitStableRAF waits until no shape or position change for 2 consecutive animation frames. If you want to wait animation that is triggered by JS not CSS, you'd better use Element.WaitStable. About animation frame: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/window/requestAnimationFrame

func (*Element) WaitVisible 

func (el *Element) WaitVisible() error

WaitVisible until the element is visible

func (*Element) WaitWritable 

func (el *Element) WaitWritable() error

WaitWritable until the element is not readonly. Doc for disabled: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/disabled

func (*Element) WithCancel 

func (el *Element) WithCancel() (*Element, func())

WithCancel returns a clone with a context cancel function

func (*Element) WithPanic 

func (el *Element) WithPanic(fail func(interface{})) *Element

WithPanic returns an element clone with the specified panic function. The fail must stop the current goroutine's execution immediately, such as use runtime.Goexit() or panic inside it.

type Elements 

type Elements []*Element

Elements provides some helpers to deal with element list

func (Elements) Empty 

func (els Elements) Empty() bool

Empty returns true if the list is empty

func (Elements) First 

func (els Elements) First() *Element

First returns the first element, if the list is empty returns nil

func (Elements) Last 

func (els Elements) Last() *Element

Last returns the last element, if the list is empty returns nil

type ErrCovered 

type ErrCovered struct {
	*Element
}

ErrCovered error.

func (*ErrCovered) Error 

func (e *ErrCovered) Error() string

Error ...

func (*ErrCovered) Is 

func (e *ErrCovered) Is(err error) bool

Is interface

func (*ErrCovered) Unwrap 

func (e *ErrCovered) Unwrap() error

Unwrap ...

type ErrElementNotFound 

type ErrElementNotFound struct {
}

ErrElementNotFound error

func (*ErrElementNotFound) Error 

func (e *ErrElementNotFound) Error() string

type ErrEval 

type ErrEval struct {
	*proto.RuntimeExceptionDetails
}

ErrEval error

func (*ErrEval) Error 

func (e *ErrEval) Error() string

func (*ErrEval) Is 

func (e *ErrEval) Is(err error) bool

Is interface

type ErrExpectElement 

type ErrExpectElement struct {
	*proto.RuntimeRemoteObject
}

ErrExpectElement error

func (*ErrExpectElement) Error 

func (e *ErrExpectElement) Error() string

func (*ErrExpectElement) Is 

func (e *ErrExpectElement) Is(err error) bool

Is interface

type ErrExpectElements 

type ErrExpectElements struct {
	*proto.RuntimeRemoteObject
}

ErrExpectElements error

func (*ErrExpectElements) Error 

func (e *ErrExpectElements) Error() string

func (*ErrExpectElements) Is 

func (e *ErrExpectElements) Is(err error) bool

Is interface

type ErrInvisibleShape 

type ErrInvisibleShape struct {
	*Element
}

ErrInvisibleShape error.

func (*ErrInvisibleShape) Error 

func (e *ErrInvisibleShape) Error() string

Error ...

func (*ErrInvisibleShape) Is 

func (e *ErrInvisibleShape) Is(err error) bool

Is interface

func (*ErrInvisibleShape) Unwrap 

func (e *ErrInvisibleShape) Unwrap() error

Unwrap ...

type ErrNavigation 

type ErrNavigation struct {
	Reason string
}

ErrNavigation error

func (*ErrNavigation) Error 

func (e *ErrNavigation) Error() string

func (*ErrNavigation) Is 

func (e *ErrNavigation) Is(err error) bool

Is interface

type ErrNoPointerEvents 

type ErrNoPointerEvents struct {
	*Element
}

ErrNoPointerEvents error.

func (*ErrNoPointerEvents) Error 

func (e *ErrNoPointerEvents) Error() string

Error ...

func (*ErrNoPointerEvents) Is 

func (e *ErrNoPointerEvents) Is(err error) bool

Is interface

func (*ErrNoPointerEvents) Unwrap 

func (e *ErrNoPointerEvents) Unwrap() error

Unwrap ...

type ErrNotInteractable 

type ErrNotInteractable struct{}

ErrNotInteractable error. Check the doc of Element.Interactable for details.

func (*ErrNotInteractable) Error 

func (e *ErrNotInteractable) Error() string

type ErrObjectNotFound 

type ErrObjectNotFound struct {
	*proto.RuntimeRemoteObject
}

ErrObjectNotFound error

func (*ErrObjectNotFound) Error 

func (e *ErrObjectNotFound) Error() string

func (*ErrObjectNotFound) Is 

func (e *ErrObjectNotFound) Is(err error) bool

Is interface

type ErrPageCloseCanceled 

type ErrPageCloseCanceled struct {
}

ErrPageCloseCanceled error

func (*ErrPageCloseCanceled) Error 

func (e *ErrPageCloseCanceled) Error() string

type ErrPageNotFound 

type ErrPageNotFound struct {
}

ErrPageNotFound error

func (*ErrPageNotFound) Error 

func (e *ErrPageNotFound) Error() string

type ErrTry 

type ErrTry struct {
	Value interface{}
	Stack string
}

ErrTry error

func (*ErrTry) Error 

func (e *ErrTry) Error() string

func (*ErrTry) Is 

func (e *ErrTry) Is(err error) bool

Is interface

func (*ErrTry) Unwrap 

func (e *ErrTry) Unwrap() error

Unwrap stdlib interface

type EvalOptions 

type EvalOptions struct {
	// If enabled the eval result will be a plain JSON value.
	// If disabled the eval result will be a reference of a remote js object.
	ByValue bool

	AwaitPromise bool

	// ThisObj represents the "this" object in the JS
	ThisObj *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject

	// JS function definition to execute.
	JS string

	// JSArgs represents the arguments that will be passed to JS.
	// If an argument is *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject type, the corresponding remote object will be used.
	// Or it will be passed as a plain JSON value.
	// When an arg in the args is a *js.Function, the arg will be cached on the page's js context.
	// When the arg.Name exists in the page's cache, it reuse the cache without sending the definition to the browser again.
	// Useful when you need to eval a huge js expression many times.
	JSArgs []interface{}

	// Whether execution should be treated as initiated by user in the UI.
	UserGesture bool
}

EvalOptions for Page.Evaluate

func Eval 

func Eval(js string, args ...interface{}) *EvalOptions

Eval creates a EvalOptions with ByValue set to true.

func (*EvalOptions) ByObject 

func (e *EvalOptions) ByObject() *EvalOptions

ByObject disables ByValue.

func (*EvalOptions) ByPromise 

func (e *EvalOptions) ByPromise() *EvalOptions

ByPromise enables AwaitPromise.

func (*EvalOptions) ByUser 

func (e *EvalOptions) ByUser() *EvalOptions

ByUser enables UserGesture.

func (*EvalOptions) String 

func (e *EvalOptions) String() string

String interface

func (*EvalOptions) This 

func (e *EvalOptions) This(obj *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject) *EvalOptions

This set the obj as ThisObj

type Hijack 

type Hijack struct {
	Request  *HijackRequest
	Response *HijackResponse
	OnError  func(error)

	// Skip to next handler
	Skip bool

	// CustomState is used to store things for this context
	CustomState interface{}
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Hijack context

func (*Hijack) ContinueRequest 

func (h *Hijack) ContinueRequest(cq *proto.FetchContinueRequest)

ContinueRequest without hijacking. The RequestID will be set by the router, you don't have to set it.

func (*Hijack) LoadResponse 

func (h *Hijack) LoadResponse(client *http.Client, loadBody bool) error

LoadResponse will send request to the real destination and load the response as default response to override.

func (*Hijack) MustLoadResponse 

func (h *Hijack) MustLoadResponse()

MustLoadResponse is similar to Hijack.LoadResponse

type HijackRequest 

type HijackRequest struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

HijackRequest context

func (*HijackRequest) Body 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) Body() string

Body of the request, devtools API doesn't support binary data yet, only string can be captured.

func (*HijackRequest) Header 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) Header(key string) string

Header via a key

func (*HijackRequest) Headers 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) Headers() proto.NetworkHeaders

Headers of request

func (*HijackRequest) IsNavigation 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) IsNavigation() bool

IsNavigation determines whether the request is a navigation request

func (*HijackRequest) JSONBody 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) JSONBody() gson.JSON

JSONBody of the request

func (*HijackRequest) Method 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) Method() string

Method of the request

func (*HijackRequest) Req 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) Req() *http.Request

Req returns the underlaying http.Request instance that will be used to send the request.

func (*HijackRequest) SetBody 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) SetBody(obj interface{}) *HijackRequest

SetBody of the request, if obj is []byte or string, raw body will be used, else it will be encoded as json.

func (*HijackRequest) SetContext 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) SetContext(c context.Context) *HijackRequest

SetContext of the underlaying http.Request instance

func (*HijackRequest) Type 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) Type() proto.NetworkResourceType

Type of the resource

func (*HijackRequest) URL 

func (ctx *HijackRequest) URL() *url.URL

URL of the request

type HijackResponse 

type HijackResponse struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

HijackResponse context

func (*HijackResponse) Body 

func (ctx *HijackResponse) Body() string

Body of the payload

func (*HijackResponse) Fail 

func (ctx *HijackResponse) Fail(reason proto.NetworkErrorReason) *HijackResponse

Fail request

func (*HijackResponse) Headers 

func (ctx *HijackResponse) Headers() http.Header

Headers returns the clone of response headers. If you want to modify the response headers use HijackResponse.SetHeader .

func (*HijackResponse) Payload 

func (ctx *HijackResponse) Payload() *proto.FetchFulfillRequest

Payload to respond the request from the browser.

func (*HijackResponse) SetBody 

func (ctx *HijackResponse) SetBody(obj interface{}) *HijackResponse

SetBody of the payload, if obj is []byte or string, raw body will be used, else it will be encoded as json.

func (*HijackResponse) SetHeader 

func (ctx *HijackResponse) SetHeader(pairs ...string) *HijackResponse

SetHeader of the payload via key-value pairs

type HijackRouter 

type HijackRouter struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

HijackRouter context

func (*HijackRouter) Add 

func (r *HijackRouter) Add(pattern string, resourceType proto.NetworkResourceType, handler func(*Hijack)) error

Add a hijack handler to router, the doc of the pattern is the same as "proto.FetchRequestPattern.URLPattern". You can add new handler even after the "Run" is called.

func (*HijackRouter) MustAdd 

func (r *HijackRouter) MustAdd(pattern string, handler func(*Hijack)) *HijackRouter

MustAdd is similar to HijackRouter.Add

func (*HijackRouter) MustRemove 

func (r *HijackRouter) MustRemove(pattern string) *HijackRouter

MustRemove is similar to HijackRouter.Remove

func (*HijackRouter) MustStop 

func (r *HijackRouter) MustStop()

MustStop is similar to HijackRouter.Stop

func (*HijackRouter) Remove 

func (r *HijackRouter) Remove(pattern string) error

Remove handler via the pattern

func (*HijackRouter) Run 

func (r *HijackRouter) Run()

Run the router, after you call it, you shouldn't add new handler to it.

func (*HijackRouter) Stop 

func (r *HijackRouter) Stop() error

Stop the router

type KeyAction 

type KeyAction struct {
	Type KeyActionType
	Key  input.Key
}

KeyAction to perform

type KeyActionType 

type KeyActionType int

KeyActionType enum 

const (
	KeyActionPress KeyActionType = iota
	KeyActionRelease
	KeyActionTypeKey
)

KeyActionTypes

type KeyActions 

type KeyActions struct {
	Actions []KeyAction
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

KeyActions to simulate

func (*KeyActions) Do 

func (ka *KeyActions) Do() (err error)

Do the actions

func (*KeyActions) MustDo 

func (ka *KeyActions) MustDo()

MustDo is similar to KeyActions.Do

func (*KeyActions) Press 

func (ka *KeyActions) Press(keys ...input.Key) *KeyActions

Press keys is guaranteed to have a release at the end of actions

func (*KeyActions) Release 

func (ka *KeyActions) Release(keys ...input.Key) *KeyActions

Release keys

func (*KeyActions) Type 

func (ka *KeyActions) Type(keys ...input.Key) *KeyActions

Type will release the key immediately after the pressing

type Keyboard 

type Keyboard struct {
	sync.Mutex
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Keyboard represents the keyboard on a page, it's always related the main frame

func (*Keyboard) MustType 

func (k *Keyboard) MustType(key ...input.Key) *Keyboard

MustType is similar to Keyboard.Type

func (*Keyboard) Press 

func (k *Keyboard) Press(key input.Key) error

Press the key down. To input characters that are not on the keyboard, such as Chinese or Japanese, you should use method like Page.InsertText .

func (*Keyboard) Release 

func (k *Keyboard) Release(key input.Key) error

Release the key

func (*Keyboard) Type 

func (k *Keyboard) Type(keys ...input.Key) (err error)

Type releases the key after the press

type Message 

type Message struct {
	SessionID proto.TargetSessionID
	Method    string
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Message represents a cdp.Event

func (*Message) Load 

func (msg *Message) Load(e proto.Event) bool

Load data into e, returns true if e matches the event type.

type Mouse 

type Mouse struct {
	sync.Mutex
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Mouse represents the mouse on a page, it's always related the main frame

func (*Mouse) Click 

func (m *Mouse) Click(button proto.InputMouseButton) error

Click the button. It's the combination of Mouse.Down and Mouse.Up

func (*Mouse) Down 

func (m *Mouse) Down(button proto.InputMouseButton, clicks int) error

Down holds the button down

func (*Mouse) Move 

func (m *Mouse) Move(x, y float64, steps int) error

Move to the absolute position with specified steps

func (*Mouse) MustClick 

func (m *Mouse) MustClick(button proto.InputMouseButton) *Mouse

MustClick is similar to Mouse.Click

func (*Mouse) MustDown 

func (m *Mouse) MustDown(button proto.InputMouseButton) *Mouse

MustDown is similar to Mouse.Down

func (*Mouse) MustMove 

func (m *Mouse) MustMove(x, y float64) *Mouse

MustMove is similar to Mouse.Move

func (*Mouse) MustScroll 

func (m *Mouse) MustScroll(x, y float64) *Mouse

MustScroll is similar to Mouse.Scroll

func (*Mouse) MustUp 

func (m *Mouse) MustUp(button proto.InputMouseButton) *Mouse

MustUp is similar to Mouse.Up

func (*Mouse) Scroll 

func (m *Mouse) Scroll(offsetX, offsetY float64, steps int) error

Scroll the relative offset with specified steps

func (*Mouse) Up 

func (m *Mouse) Up(button proto.InputMouseButton, clicks int) error

Up releases the button

type Page 

type Page struct {
	// TargetID is a unique ID for a remote page.
	// It's usually used in events sent from the browser to tell which page an event belongs to.
	TargetID proto.TargetTargetID

	// FrameID is a unique ID for a browsing context.
	// Usually, different FrameID means different javascript execution context.
	// Such as an iframe and the page it belongs to will have the same TargetID but different FrameIDs.
	FrameID proto.PageFrameID

	// SessionID is a unique ID for a page attachment to a controller.
	// It's usually used in transport layer to tell which page to send the control signal.
	// A page can attached to multiple controllers, the browser uses it distinguish controllers.
	SessionID proto.TargetSessionID

	// devices
	Mouse    *Mouse
	Keyboard *Keyboard
	Touch    *Touch
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Page represents the webpage. We try to hold as less states as possible. When a page is closed by Rod or not all the ongoing operations an events on it will abort.

Example (Pool)

We can use PagePool to concurrently control and reuse pages. 

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"sync"

	"github.com/go-rod/rod"
)

func main() {
	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()
	defer browser.MustClose()

	// We create a pool that will hold at most 3 pages which means the max concurrency is 3
	pool := rod.NewPagePool(3)

	// Create a page if needed
	create := func() *rod.Page {
		// We use MustIncognito to isolate pages with each other
		return browser.MustIncognito().MustPage()
	}

	yourJob := func() {
		page := pool.Get(create)
		defer pool.Put(page)

		page.MustNavigate("http://mdn.dev").MustWaitLoad()
		fmt.Println(page.MustInfo().Title)
	}

	// Run jobs concurrently
	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
	for range "...." {
		wg.Add(1)
		go func() {
			defer wg.Done()
			yourJob()
		}()
	}
	wg.Wait()

	// cleanup pool
	pool.Cleanup(func(p *rod.Page) { p.MustClose() })

}

Output:

mdn.dev
mdn.dev
mdn.dev
mdn.dev

func (*Page) Activate 

func (p *Page) Activate() (*Page, error)

Activate (focuses) the page

func (*Page) AddScriptTag 

func (p *Page) AddScriptTag(url, content string) error

AddScriptTag to page. If url is empty, content will be used.

func (*Page) AddStyleTag 

func (p *Page) AddStyleTag(url, content string) error

AddStyleTag to page. If url is empty, content will be used.

func (*Page) Browser 

func (p *Page) Browser() *Browser

Browser of the page

func (*Page) Call 

func (p *Page) Call(ctx context.Context, sessionID, methodName string, params interface{}) (res []byte, err error)

Call implements the proto.Client

func (*Page) CancelTimeout 

func (p *Page) CancelTimeout() *Page

CancelTimeout cancels the current timeout context and returns a clone with the parent context

func (*Page) Close 

func (p *Page) Close() error

Close tries to close page, running its beforeunload hooks, if has any.

func (*Page) Context 

func (p *Page) Context(ctx context.Context) *Page

Context returns a clone with the specified ctx for chained sub-operations

func (*Page) Cookies 

func (p *Page) Cookies(urls []string) ([]*proto.NetworkCookie, error)

Cookies returns the page cookies. By default it will return the cookies for current page. The urls is the list of URLs for which applicable cookies will be fetched.

func (*Page) DisableDomain 

func (p *Page) DisableDomain(method proto.Request) (restore func())

DisableDomain and returns a restore function to restore previous state

func (*Page) EachEvent 

func (p *Page) EachEvent(callbacks ...interface{}) (wait func())

EachEvent of the specified event types, if any callback returns true the wait function will resolve, The type of each callback is (? means optional): 

func(proto.Event, proto.TargetSessionID?) bool?

You can listen to multiple event types at the same time like: 

browser.EachEvent(func(a *proto.A) {}, func(b *proto.B) {})

Such as subscribe the events to know when the navigation is complete or when the page is rendered. Here's an example to dismiss all dialogs/alerts on the page: 

go page.EachEvent(func(e *proto.PageJavascriptDialogOpening) {
    _ = proto.PageHandleJavaScriptDialog{ Accept: false, PromptText: ""}.Call(page)
})()

func (*Page) Element 

func (p *Page) Element(selector string) (*Element, error)

Element retries until an element in the page that matches the CSS selector, then returns the matched element.

func (*Page) ElementByJS 

func (p *Page) ElementByJS(opts *EvalOptions) (*Element, error)

ElementByJS returns the element from the return value of the js function. If sleeper is nil, no retry will be performed. By default, it will retry until the js function doesn't return null. To customize the retry logic, check the examples of Page.Sleeper.

func (*Page) ElementFromNode 

func (p *Page) ElementFromNode(node *proto.DOMNode) (*Element, error)

ElementFromNode creates an Element from the node, NodeID or BackendNodeID must be specified.

func (*Page) ElementFromObject 

func (p *Page) ElementFromObject(obj *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject) (*Element, error)

ElementFromObject creates an Element from the remote object id.

func (*Page) ElementFromPoint 

func (p *Page) ElementFromPoint(x, y int) (*Element, error)

ElementFromPoint creates an Element from the absolute point on the page. The point should include the window scroll offset.

func (*Page) ElementR 

func (p *Page) ElementR(selector, jsRegex string) (*Element, error)

ElementR retries until an element in the page that matches the css selector and it's text matches the jsRegex, then returns the matched element.

func (*Page) ElementX 

func (p *Page) ElementX(xPath string) (*Element, error)

ElementX retries until an element in the page that matches one of the XPath selectors, then returns the matched element.

func (*Page) Elements 

func (p *Page) Elements(selector string) (Elements, error)

Elements returns all elements that match the css selector

func (*Page) ElementsByJS 

func (p *Page) ElementsByJS(opts *EvalOptions) (Elements, error)

ElementsByJS returns the elements from the return value of the js

func (*Page) ElementsX 

func (p *Page) ElementsX(xpath string) (Elements, error)

ElementsX returns all elements that match the XPath selector

func (*Page) Emulate 

func (p *Page) Emulate(device devices.Device) error

Emulate the device, such as iPhone9. If device is devices.Clear, it will clear the override.

func (*Page) EnableDomain 

func (p *Page) EnableDomain(method proto.Request) (restore func())

EnableDomain and returns a restore function to restore previous state

func (*Page) Eval 

func (p *Page) Eval(js string, args ...interface{}) (*proto.RuntimeRemoteObject, error)

Eval is a shortcut for Page.Evaluate with AwaitPromise, ByValue set to true.

func (*Page) EvalOnNewDocument 

func (p *Page) EvalOnNewDocument(js string) (remove func() error, err error)

EvalOnNewDocument Evaluates given script in every frame upon creation (before loading frame's scripts).

func (*Page) Evaluate 

func (p *Page) Evaluate(opts *EvalOptions) (res *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject, err error)

Evaluate js on the page.

func (*Page) Event 

func (p *Page) Event() <-chan *Message

Event of the page

func (*Page) Expose 

func (p *Page) Expose(name string, fn func(gson.JSON) (interface{}, error)) (stop func() error, err error)

Expose fn to the page's window object with the name. The exposure survives reloads. Call stop to unbind the fn.

func (*Page) ExposeHelpers 

func (p *Page) ExposeHelpers(list ...*js.Function)

ExposeHelpers helper functions to page's js context so that we can use the Devtools' console to debug them.

func (*Page) GetContext 

func (p *Page) GetContext() context.Context

GetContext of current instance

func (*Page) GetResource 

func (p *Page) GetResource(url string) ([]byte, error)

GetResource content by the url. Such as image, css, html, etc. Use the proto.PageGetResourceTree to list all the resources.

func (*Page) GetSessionID 

func (p *Page) GetSessionID() proto.TargetSessionID

GetSessionID interface

func (*Page) GetWindow 

func (p *Page) GetWindow() (*proto.BrowserBounds, error)

GetWindow position and size info

func (*Page) HTML 

func (p *Page) HTML() (string, error)

HTML of the page

func (*Page) HandleDialog 

func (p *Page) HandleDialog() (
	wait func() *proto.PageJavascriptDialogOpening,
	handle func(*proto.PageHandleJavaScriptDialog) error,
)

HandleDialog accepts or dismisses next JavaScript initiated dialog (alert, confirm, prompt, or onbeforeunload). Because modal dialog will block js, usually you have to trigger the dialog in another goroutine. For example: 

wait, handle := page.MustHandleDialog()
go page.MustElement("button").MustClick()
wait()
handle(true, "")

func (*Page) Has 

func (p *Page) Has(selector string) (bool, *Element, error)

Has an element that matches the css selector

func (*Page) HasR 

func (p *Page) HasR(selector, jsRegex string) (bool, *Element, error)

HasR an element that matches the css selector and its display text matches the jsRegex.

func (*Page) HasX 

func (p *Page) HasX(selector string) (bool, *Element, error)

HasX an element that matches the XPath selector

func (*Page) HijackRequests 

func (p *Page) HijackRequests() *HijackRouter

HijackRequests creates a new router instance for requests hijacking. When use Fetch domain outside the router should be stopped. Enabling hijacking disables page caching, but such as 304 Not Modified will still work as expected. The entire process of hijacking one request: 

browser --req-> rod ---> server ---> rod --res-> browser

The --req-> and --res-> are the parts that can be modified.

func (*Page) Info 

func (p *Page) Info() (*proto.TargetTargetInfo, error)

Info of the page, such as the URL or title of the page

func (*Page) InsertText 

func (p *Page) InsertText(text string) error

InsertText is like pasting text into the page

func (*Page) IsIframe 

func (p *Page) IsIframe() bool

IsIframe tells if it's iframe

func (*Page) KeyActions 

func (p *Page) KeyActions() *KeyActions

KeyActions simulates the type actions on a physical keyboard. Useful when input shortcuts like ctrl+enter .

func (*Page) LoadState 

func (p *Page) LoadState(method proto.Request) (has bool)

LoadState into the method.

func (*Page) MustActivate 

func (p *Page) MustActivate() *Page

MustActivate is similar to Page.Activate

func (*Page) MustAddScriptTag 

func (p *Page) MustAddScriptTag(url string) *Page

MustAddScriptTag is similar to Page.AddScriptTag

func (*Page) MustAddStyleTag 

func (p *Page) MustAddStyleTag(url string) *Page

MustAddStyleTag is similar to Page.AddStyleTag

func (*Page) MustClose 

func (p *Page) MustClose()

MustClose is similar to Page.Close

func (*Page) MustCookies 

func (p *Page) MustCookies(urls ...string) []*proto.NetworkCookie

MustCookies is similar to Page.Cookies

func (*Page) MustElement 

func (p *Page) MustElement(selector string) *Element

MustElement is similar to Page.Element

func (*Page) MustElementByJS 

func (p *Page) MustElementByJS(js string, params ...interface{}) *Element

MustElementByJS is similar to Page.ElementByJS

func (*Page) MustElementFromNode 

func (p *Page) MustElementFromNode(node *proto.DOMNode) *Element

MustElementFromNode is similar to Page.ElementFromNode

func (*Page) MustElementFromPoint 

func (p *Page) MustElementFromPoint(left, top int) *Element

MustElementFromPoint is similar to Page.ElementFromPoint

func (*Page) MustElementR 

func (p *Page) MustElementR(selector, jsRegex string) *Element

MustElementR is similar to Page.ElementR

func (*Page) MustElementX 

func (p *Page) MustElementX(xPath string) *Element

MustElementX is similar to Page.ElementX

func (*Page) MustElements 

func (p *Page) MustElements(selector string) Elements

MustElements is similar to Page.Elements

func (*Page) MustElementsByJS 

func (p *Page) MustElementsByJS(js string, params ...interface{}) Elements

MustElementsByJS is similar to Page.ElementsByJS

func (*Page) MustElementsX 

func (p *Page) MustElementsX(xpath string) Elements

MustElementsX is similar to Page.ElementsX

func (*Page) MustEmulate 

func (p *Page) MustEmulate(device devices.Device) *Page

MustEmulate is similar to Page.Emulate

func (*Page) MustEval 

func (p *Page) MustEval(js string, params ...interface{}) gson.JSON

MustEval is similar to Page.Eval

func (*Page) MustEvalOnNewDocument 

func (p *Page) MustEvalOnNewDocument(js string)

MustEvalOnNewDocument is similar to Page.EvalOnNewDocument

func (*Page) MustEvaluate 

func (p *Page) MustEvaluate(opts *EvalOptions) *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject

MustEvaluate is similar to Page.Evaluate

func (*Page) MustExpose 

func (p *Page) MustExpose(name string, fn func(gson.JSON) (interface{}, error)) (stop func())

MustExpose is similar to Page.Expose

func (*Page) MustGetWindow 

func (p *Page) MustGetWindow() *proto.BrowserBounds

MustGetWindow is similar to Page.GetWindow

func (*Page) MustHTML 

func (p *Page) MustHTML() string

MustHTML is similar to Page.HTML

func (*Page) MustHandleDialog 

func (p *Page) MustHandleDialog() (wait func() *proto.PageJavascriptDialogOpening, handle func(bool, string))

MustHandleDialog is similar to Page.HandleDialog

func (*Page) MustHas 

func (p *Page) MustHas(selector string) bool

MustHas is similar to Page.Has

func (*Page) MustHasR 

func (p *Page) MustHasR(selector, regex string) bool

MustHasR is similar to Page.HasR

func (*Page) MustHasX 

func (p *Page) MustHasX(selector string) bool

MustHasX is similar to Page.HasX

func (*Page) MustInfo 

func (p *Page) MustInfo() *proto.TargetTargetInfo

MustInfo is similar to Page.Info

func (*Page) MustInsertText 

func (p *Page) MustInsertText(text string) *Page

MustInsertText is similar to Page.InsertText

func (*Page) MustNavigate 

func (p *Page) MustNavigate(url string) *Page

MustNavigate is similar to Page.Navigate

func (*Page) MustNavigateBack 

func (p *Page) MustNavigateBack() *Page

MustNavigateBack is similar to Page.NavigateBack

func (*Page) MustNavigateForward 

func (p *Page) MustNavigateForward() *Page

MustNavigateForward is similar to Page.NavigateForward

func (*Page) MustObjectToJSON 

func (p *Page) MustObjectToJSON(obj *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject) gson.JSON

MustObjectToJSON is similar to Page.ObjectToJSON

func (*Page) MustObjectsToJSON 

func (p *Page) MustObjectsToJSON(list []*proto.RuntimeRemoteObject) gson.JSON

MustObjectsToJSON is similar to Page.ObjectsToJSON

func (*Page) MustPDF 

func (p *Page) MustPDF(toFile ...string) []byte

MustPDF is similar to PDF. If the toFile is "", it Page.will save output to "tmp/pdf" folder, time as the file name.

func (*Page) MustRelease 

func (p *Page) MustRelease(obj *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject) *Page

MustRelease is similar to Page.Release

func (*Page) MustReload 

func (p *Page) MustReload() *Page

MustReload is similar to Page.Reload

func (*Page) MustScreenshot 

func (p *Page) MustScreenshot(toFile ...string) []byte

MustScreenshot is similar to Screenshot. If the toFile is "", it Page.will save output to "tmp/screenshots" folder, time as the file name.

func (*Page) MustScreenshotFullPage 

func (p *Page) MustScreenshotFullPage(toFile ...string) []byte

MustScreenshotFullPage is similar to ScreenshotFullPage. If the toFile is "", it Page.will save output to "tmp/screenshots" folder, time as the file name.

func (*Page) MustSearch 

func (p *Page) MustSearch(query string) *Element

MustSearch is similar to Page.Search . It only returns the first element in the search result.

func (*Page) MustSetCookies 

func (p *Page) MustSetCookies(cookies ...*proto.NetworkCookieParam) *Page

MustSetCookies is similar to Page.SetCookies. If the len(cookies) is 0 it will clear all the cookies.

func (*Page) MustSetDocumentContent 

func (p *Page) MustSetDocumentContent(html string) *Page

MustSetDocumentContent is similar to Page.SetDocumentContent

func (*Page) MustSetExtraHeaders 

func (p *Page) MustSetExtraHeaders(dict ...string) (cleanup func())

MustSetExtraHeaders is similar to Page.SetExtraHeaders

func (*Page) MustSetUserAgent 

func (p *Page) MustSetUserAgent(req *proto.NetworkSetUserAgentOverride) *Page

MustSetUserAgent is similar to Page.SetUserAgent

func (*Page) MustSetViewport 

func (p *Page) MustSetViewport(width, height int, deviceScaleFactor float64, mobile bool) *Page

MustSetViewport is similar to Page.SetViewport

func (*Page) MustSetWindow 

func (p *Page) MustSetWindow(left, top, width, height int) *Page

MustSetWindow is similar to Page.SetWindow

func (*Page) MustStopLoading 

func (p *Page) MustStopLoading() *Page

MustStopLoading is similar to Page.StopLoading

func (*Page) MustWait 

func (p *Page) MustWait(js string, params ...interface{}) *Page

MustWait is similar to Page.Wait

func (*Page) MustWaitElementsMoreThan 

func (p *Page) MustWaitElementsMoreThan(selector string, num int) *Page

MustWaitElementsMoreThan is similar to Page.WaitElementsMoreThan

func (*Page) MustWaitIdle 

func (p *Page) MustWaitIdle() *Page

MustWaitIdle is similar to Page.WaitIdle

func (*Page) MustWaitLoad 

func (p *Page) MustWaitLoad() *Page

MustWaitLoad is similar to Page.WaitLoad

func (*Page) MustWaitNavigation 

func (p *Page) MustWaitNavigation() func()

MustWaitNavigation is similar to Page.WaitNavigation

func (*Page) MustWaitOpen 

func (p *Page) MustWaitOpen() (wait func() (newPage *Page))

MustWaitOpen is similar to Page.WaitOpen

func (*Page) MustWaitRequestIdle 

func (p *Page) MustWaitRequestIdle(excludes ...string) (wait func())

MustWaitRequestIdle is similar to Page.WaitRequestIdle

func (*Page) MustWindowFullscreen 

func (p *Page) MustWindowFullscreen() *Page

MustWindowFullscreen is similar to Page.WindowFullscreen

func (*Page) MustWindowMaximize 

func (p *Page) MustWindowMaximize() *Page

MustWindowMaximize is similar to Page.WindowMaximize

func (*Page) MustWindowMinimize 

func (p *Page) MustWindowMinimize() *Page

MustWindowMinimize is similar to Page.WindowMinimize

func (*Page) MustWindowNormal 

func (p *Page) MustWindowNormal() *Page

MustWindowNormal is similar to Page.WindowNormal

func (*Page) Navigate 

func (p *Page) Navigate(url string) error

Navigate to the url. If the url is empty, "about:blank" will be used. It will return immediately after the server responds the http header.

func (*Page) NavigateBack 

func (p *Page) NavigateBack() error

NavigateBack history.

func (*Page) NavigateForward 

func (p *Page) NavigateForward() error

NavigateForward history.

func (*Page) ObjectToJSON 

func (p *Page) ObjectToJSON(obj *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject) (gson.JSON, error)

ObjectToJSON by object id

func (*Page) Overlay 

func (p *Page) Overlay(left, top, width, height float64, msg string) (remove func())

Overlay a rectangle on the main frame with specified message

func (*Page) PDF 

func (p *Page) PDF(req *proto.PagePrintToPDF) (*StreamReader, error)

PDF prints page as PDF

func (*Page) Race 

func (p *Page) Race() *RaceContext

Race creates a context to race selectors

func (*Page) Release 

func (p *Page) Release(obj *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject) error

Release the remote object. Usually, you don't need to call it. When a page is closed or reloaded, all remote objects will be released automatically. It's useful if the page never closes or reloads.

func (*Page) Reload 

func (p *Page) Reload() error

Reload page.

func (*Page) ScreenCastRecordAvi 

func (p *Page) ScreenCastRecordAvi(videoAVIPath string, videoFrames *[]VideoFrame, fps int) (*mjpeg.AviWriter, error)

ScreenCastRecordAvi listen PageScreenCastFrame and convert it directly into AVI Movie

func (*Page) ScreenCastRecordMp4 

func (p *Page) ScreenCastRecordMp4(videoFrames *[]VideoFrame) error

ScreenCastRecordMp4 listen PageScreenCastFrame and convert it directly into MP4 using ffmpeg

func (*Page) ScreenCastStart 

func (p *Page) ScreenCastStart(JPEGQuality int) error

ScreenCastStart start screen cast event for video recording

func (*Page) ScreenCastStopAvi 

func (p *Page) ScreenCastStopAvi(aviWriter *mjpeg.AviWriter, videoFrames *[]VideoFrame, fps int) error

ScreenCastStopAvi stop screen cast event and save videoframes data in an avi video file

func (*Page) ScreenCastStopMp4 

func (p *Page) ScreenCastStopMp4(videoFrames *[]VideoFrame, outputFile string, fps int) error

ScreenCastStopMp4 stop screen cast event and use ffmpeg to create mp4 from videoFrame data

func (*Page) Screenshot 

func (p *Page) Screenshot(fullpage bool, req *proto.PageCaptureScreenshot) ([]byte, error)

Screenshot captures the screenshot of current page.

func (*Page) Search 

func (p *Page) Search(query string) (*SearchResult, error)

Search for the given query in the DOM tree until the result count is not zero, before that it will keep retrying. The query can be plain text or css selector or xpath. It will search nested iframes and shadow doms too.

func (*Page) SetCookies 

func (p *Page) SetCookies(cookies []*proto.NetworkCookieParam) error

SetCookies is similar to Browser.SetCookies .

func (*Page) SetDocumentContent 

func (p *Page) SetDocumentContent(html string) error

SetDocumentContent sets the page document html content

func (*Page) SetExtraHeaders 

func (p *Page) SetExtraHeaders(dict []string) (func(), error)

SetExtraHeaders whether to always send extra HTTP headers with the requests from this page.

func (*Page) SetUserAgent 

func (p *Page) SetUserAgent(req *proto.NetworkSetUserAgentOverride) error

SetUserAgent (browser brand, accept-language, etc) of the page. If req is nil, a default user agent will be used, a typical mac chrome.

func (*Page) SetViewport 

func (p *Page) SetViewport(params *proto.EmulationSetDeviceMetricsOverride) error

SetViewport overrides the values of device screen dimensions

func (*Page) SetWindow 

func (p *Page) SetWindow(bounds *proto.BrowserBounds) error

SetWindow location and size

func (*Page) Sleeper 

func (p *Page) Sleeper(sleeper func() utils.Sleeper) *Page

Sleeper returns a clone with the specified sleeper for chained sub-operations

func (*Page) StopLoading 

func (p *Page) StopLoading() error

StopLoading forces the page stop navigation and pending resource fetches.

func (*Page) String 

func (p *Page) String() string

String interface

func (*Page) Timeout 

func (p *Page) Timeout(d time.Duration) *Page

Timeout returns a clone with the specified total timeout of all chained sub-operations

func (*Page) Wait 

func (p *Page) Wait(this *proto.RuntimeRemoteObject, js string, params []interface{}) error

Wait until the js returns true

func (*Page) WaitElementsMoreThan 

func (p *Page) WaitElementsMoreThan(selector string, num int) error

WaitElementsMoreThan Wait until there are more than <num> <selector> elements.

func (*Page) WaitEvent 

func (p *Page) WaitEvent(e proto.Event) (wait func())

WaitEvent waits for the next event for one time. It will also load the data into the event object.

func (*Page) WaitIdle 

func (p *Page) WaitIdle(timeout time.Duration) (err error)

WaitIdle waits until the next window.requestIdleCallback is called.

func (*Page) WaitLoad 

func (p *Page) WaitLoad() error

WaitLoad waits for the `window.onload` event, it returns immediately if the event is already fired.

func (*Page) WaitNavigation 

func (p *Page) WaitNavigation(name proto.PageLifecycleEventName) func()

WaitNavigation wait for a page lifecycle event when navigating. Usually you will wait for proto.PageLifecycleEventNameNetworkAlmostIdle

func (*Page) WaitOpen 

func (p *Page) WaitOpen() func() (*Page, error)

WaitOpen waits for the next new page opened by the current one

func (*Page) WaitRepaint 

func (p *Page) WaitRepaint() error

WaitRepaint waits until the next repaint. Doc: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/window/requestAnimationFrame

func (*Page) WaitRequestIdle 

func (p *Page) WaitRequestIdle(d time.Duration, includes, excludes []string) func()

WaitRequestIdle returns a wait function that waits until no request for d duration. Be careful, d is not the max wait timeout, it's the least idle time. If you want to set a timeout you can use the "Page.Timeout" function. Use the includes and excludes regexp list to filter the requests by their url.

func (*Page) WithCancel 

func (p *Page) WithCancel() (*Page, func())

WithCancel returns a clone with a context cancel function

func (*Page) WithPanic 

func (p *Page) WithPanic(fail func(interface{})) *Page

WithPanic returns a page clone with the specified panic function. The fail must stop the current goroutine's execution immediately, such as use runtime.Goexit() or panic inside it.

type PagePool 

type PagePool chan *Page

PagePool to thread-safely limit the number of pages at the same time. It's a common practice to use a channel to limit concurrency, it's not special for rod. This helper is more like an example to use Go Channel. Reference: https://golang.org/doc/effective_go#channels

func NewPagePool 

func NewPagePool(limit int) PagePool

NewPagePool instance

func (PagePool) Cleanup 

func (pp PagePool) Cleanup(iteratee func(*Page))

Cleanup helper

func (PagePool) Get 

func (pp PagePool) Get(create func() *Page) *Page

Get a page from the pool. Use the PagePool.Put to make it reusable later.

func (PagePool) Put 

func (pp PagePool) Put(p *Page)

Put a page back to the pool

type Pages 

type Pages []*Page

Pages provides some helpers to deal with page list

func (Pages) Empty 

func (ps Pages) Empty() bool

Empty returns true if the list is empty

func (Pages) Find 

func (ps Pages) Find(selector string) (*Page, error)

Find the page that has the specified element with the css selector

func (Pages) FindByURL 

func (ps Pages) FindByURL(jsRegex string) (*Page, error)

FindByURL returns the page that has the url that matches the jsRegex

func (Pages) First 

func (ps Pages) First() *Page

First returns the first page, if the list is empty returns nil

func (Pages) Last 

func (ps Pages) Last() *Page

Last returns the last page, if the list is empty returns nil

func (Pages) MustFind 

func (ps Pages) MustFind(selector string) *Page

MustFind is similar to Browser.Find

func (Pages) MustFindByURL 

func (ps Pages) MustFindByURL(regex string) *Page

MustFindByURL is similar to Page.FindByURL

type RaceContext 

type RaceContext struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

RaceContext stores the branches to race

func (*RaceContext) Do 

func (rc *RaceContext) Do() (*Element, error)

Do the race

func (*RaceContext) Element 

func (rc *RaceContext) Element(selector string) *RaceContext

Element the doc is similar to MustElement

func (*RaceContext) ElementByJS 

func (rc *RaceContext) ElementByJS(opts *EvalOptions) *RaceContext

ElementByJS the doc is similar to MustElementByJS

func (*RaceContext) ElementFunc 

func (rc *RaceContext) ElementFunc(fn func(*Page) (*Element, error)) *RaceContext

ElementFunc takes a custom function to determine race success

func (*RaceContext) ElementR 

func (rc *RaceContext) ElementR(selector, regex string) *RaceContext

ElementR the doc is similar to ElementR

func (*RaceContext) ElementX 

func (rc *RaceContext) ElementX(selector string) *RaceContext

ElementX the doc is similar to ElementX

func (*RaceContext) Handle 

func (rc *RaceContext) Handle(callback func(*Element) error) *RaceContext

Handle adds a callback function to the most recent chained selector. The callback function is run, if the corresponding selector is present first, in the Race condition.

func (*RaceContext) MustDo 

func (rc *RaceContext) MustDo() *Element

MustDo is similar to RaceContext.Do

func (*RaceContext) MustElementByJS 

func (rc *RaceContext) MustElementByJS(js string, params []interface{}) *RaceContext

MustElementByJS is similar to RaceContext.ElementByJS

func (*RaceContext) MustHandle 

func (rc *RaceContext) MustHandle(callback func(*Element)) *RaceContext

MustHandle is similar to RaceContext.Handle

type SearchResult 

type SearchResult struct {
	*proto.DOMPerformSearchResult

	// First element in the search result
	First *Element
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

SearchResult handler

func (*SearchResult) All 

func (s *SearchResult) All() (Elements, error)

All returns all elements

func (*SearchResult) Get 

func (s *SearchResult) Get(i, l int) (Elements, error)

Get l elements at the index of i from the remote search result.

func (*SearchResult) Release 

func (s *SearchResult) Release()

Release the remote search result

type SelectorType 

type SelectorType string

SelectorType enum 

const (
	// SelectorTypeRegex type
	SelectorTypeRegex SelectorType = "regex"
	// SelectorTypeCSSSector type
	SelectorTypeCSSSector SelectorType = "css-selector"
	// SelectorTypeText type
	SelectorTypeText SelectorType = "text"
)

type StreamReader 

type StreamReader struct {
	Offset *int
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

StreamReader for browser data stream

func NewStreamReader 

func NewStreamReader(c proto.Client, h proto.IOStreamHandle) *StreamReader

NewStreamReader instance

func (*StreamReader) Close 

func (sr *StreamReader) Close() error

Close the stream, discard any temporary backing storage.

func (*StreamReader) Read 

func (sr *StreamReader) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error)

type Touch 

type Touch struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Touch presents a touch device, such as a hand with fingers, each finger is a proto.InputTouchPoint. Touch events is stateless, we use the struct here only as a namespace to make the API style unified.

func (*Touch) Cancel 

func (t *Touch) Cancel() error

Cancel touch action

func (*Touch) End 

func (t *Touch) End() error

End touch action

func (*Touch) Move 

func (t *Touch) Move(points ...*proto.InputTouchPoint) error

Move touch points. Use the InputTouchPoint.ID (Touch.identifier) to track points. Doc: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Touch_events

func (*Touch) MustCancel 

func (t *Touch) MustCancel() *Touch

MustCancel is similar to Touch.Cancel

func (*Touch) MustEnd 

func (t *Touch) MustEnd() *Touch

MustEnd is similar to Touch.End

func (*Touch) MustMove 

func (t *Touch) MustMove(points ...*proto.InputTouchPoint) *Touch

MustMove is similar to Touch.Move

func (*Touch) MustStart 

func (t *Touch) MustStart(points ...*proto.InputTouchPoint) *Touch

MustStart is similar to Touch.Start

func (*Touch) MustTap 

func (t *Touch) MustTap(x, y float64) *Touch

MustTap is similar to Touch.Tap

func (*Touch) Start 

func (t *Touch) Start(points ...*proto.InputTouchPoint) error

Start a touch action

func (*Touch) Tap 

func (t *Touch) Tap(x, y float64) error

Tap dispatches a touchstart and touchend event.

type TraceType 

type TraceType string

TraceType for logger 

const (
	// TraceTypeWaitRequestsIdle type
	TraceTypeWaitRequestsIdle TraceType = "wait requests idle"

	// TraceTypeWaitRequests type
	TraceTypeWaitRequests TraceType = "wait requests"

	// TraceTypeQuery type
	TraceTypeQuery TraceType = "query"

	// TraceTypeWait type
	TraceTypeWait TraceType = "wait"

	// TraceTypeInput type
	TraceTypeInput TraceType = "input"
)

func (TraceType) String 

func (t TraceType) String() string

String interface

type VideoFrame 

type VideoFrame struct {
	Data                  []byte
	Timestamp             time.Time
	DurationInSecond      float64
	AccumDurationInSecond float64
	FrameCnt              float64
	FrameCntRemaining     float64
}

VideoFrame store the data from screen cast event

Source Files

View all Source files

Directories

Path Synopsis
fixtures
gen-fonts
lib
assets
assets/generate
cdp
Package cdp for application layer communication with browser.
 Package cdp for application layer communication with browser.
defaults
Package defaults of commonly used options parsed from environment.
 Package defaults of commonly used options parsed from environment.
devices
devices/generate
examples/compare-chromedp/click
examples/compare-chromedp/cookie
examples/compare-chromedp/emulate
examples/compare-chromedp/eval
examples/compare-chromedp/headers
examples/compare-chromedp/keys
examples/compare-chromedp/logic
examples/compare-chromedp/remote
examples/compare-chromedp/screenshot
examples/compare-chromedp/submit
examples/compare-chromedp/text
examples/compare-chromedp/upload
examples/compare-chromedp/visible
examples/connect-browser
examples/custom-launch
examples/debug-deadlock
examples/disable-window-alert
examples/launch-managed
examples/stripe
examples/translator
examples/use-rod-like-chrome-extension
input
js
js/generate
launcher
Package launcher for launching browser utils.
 Package launcher for launching browser utils.
launcher/flags
launcher/revision
launcher/rod-manager
A server to help launch browser remotely
 A server to help launch browser remotely
proto
Package proto is a lib to encode/decode the data of the cdp protocol.
 Package proto is a lib to encode/decode the data of the cdp protocol.
proto/generate
utils
utils/check-cov
utils/docker
The .github/workflows/docker.yml uses it as an github action and run it like this:
 The .github/workflows/docker.yml uses it as an github action and run it like this:
utils/get-browser
utils/lint
utils/rename
utils/setup
utils/simple-check

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