Documentation
¶
Overview ¶
Package url parses URLs and implements query escaping. See RFC 3986.
Index ¶
Examples ¶
Constants ¶
This section is empty.
Variables ¶
This section is empty.
Functions ¶
func QueryEscape ¶
QueryEscape escapes the string so it can be safely placed inside a URL query.
func QueryUnescape ¶
QueryUnescape does the inverse transformation of QueryEscape, converting %AB into the byte 0xAB and '+' into ' ' (space). It returns an error if any % is not followed by two hexadecimal digits.
Types ¶
type EscapeError ¶
type EscapeError string
func (EscapeError) Error ¶
func (e EscapeError) Error() string
type URL ¶
type URL struct {
Scheme string
Opaque string // encoded opaque data
User *Userinfo // username and password information
Host string // host or host:port
Path string
RawQuery string // encoded query values, without '?'
Fragment string // fragment for references, without '#'
}
A URL represents a parsed URL (technically, a URI reference). The general form represented is:
scheme://[userinfo@]host/path[?query][#fragment]
URLs that do not start with a slash after the scheme are interpreted as:
scheme:opaque[?query][#fragment]
Note that the Path field is stored in decoded form: /%47%6f%2f becomes /Go/. A consequence is that it is impossible to tell which slashes in the Path were slashes in the raw URL and which were %2f. This distinction is rarely important, but when it is a client must use other routines to parse the raw URL or construct the parsed URL. For example, an HTTP server can consult req.RequestURI, and an HTTP client can use URL{Host: "example.com", Opaque: "//example.com/Go%2f"} instead of URL{Host: "example.com", Path: "/Go/"}.
Example ¶
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"net/url"
)
func main() {
u, err := url.Parse("http://bing.com/search?q=dotnet")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
u.Scheme = "https"
u.Host = "google.com"
q := u.Query()
q.Set("q", "golang")
u.RawQuery = q.Encode()
fmt.Println(u)
}
Output: https://google.com/search?q=golang
Example (Opaque) ¶
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
"net/http/httputil"
"net/url"
"strings"
)
func main() {
// Sending a literal '%' in an HTTP request's Path
req := &http.Request{
Method: "GET",
Host: "example.com", // takes precendence over URL.Host
URL: &url.URL{
Host: "ignored",
Scheme: "https",
Opaque: "/%2f/",
},
Header: http.Header{
"User-Agent": {"godoc-example/0.1"},
},
}
out, err := httputil.DumpRequestOut(req, true)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println(strings.Replace(string(out), "\r", "", -1))
}
Output: GET /%2f/ HTTP/1.1 Host: example.com User-Agent: godoc-example/0.1 Accept-Encoding: gzip
func ParseRequestURI ¶
ParseRequestURI parses rawurl into a URL structure. It assumes that rawurl was received in an HTTP request, so the rawurl is interpreted only as an absolute URI or an absolute path. The string rawurl is assumed not to have a #fragment suffix. (Web browsers strip #fragment before sending the URL to a web server.)
func (*URL) Parse ¶
Parse parses a URL in the context of the receiver. The provided URL may be relative or absolute. Parse returns nil, err on parse failure, otherwise its return value is the same as ResolveReference.
func (*URL) RequestURI ¶
RequestURI returns the encoded path?query or opaque?query string that would be used in an HTTP request for u.
func (*URL) ResolveReference ¶
ResolveReference resolves a URI reference to an absolute URI from an absolute base URI, per RFC 3986 Section 5.2. The URI reference may be relative or absolute. ResolveReference always returns a new URL instance, even if the returned URL is identical to either the base or reference. If ref is an absolute URL, then ResolveReference ignores base and returns a copy of ref.
func (*URL) String ¶
String reassembles the URL into a valid URL string. The general form of the result is one of:
scheme:opaque?query#fragment scheme://userinfo@host/path?query#fragment
If u.Opaque is non-empty, String uses the first form; otherwise it uses the second form.
In the second form, the following rules apply:
- if u.Scheme is empty, scheme: is omitted.
- if u.User is nil, userinfo@ is omitted.
- if u.Host is empty, host/ is omitted.
- if u.Scheme and u.Host are empty and u.User is nil, the entire scheme://userinfo@host/ is omitted.
- if u.Host is non-empty and u.Path begins with a /, the form host/path does not add its own /.
- if u.RawQuery is empty, ?query is omitted.
- if u.Fragment is empty, #fragment is omitted.
type Userinfo ¶
type Userinfo struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
The Userinfo type is an immutable encapsulation of username and password details for a URL. An existing Userinfo value is guaranteed to have a username set (potentially empty, as allowed by RFC 2396), and optionally a password.
func UserPassword ¶
UserPassword returns a Userinfo containing the provided username and password. This functionality should only be used with legacy web sites. RFC 2396 warns that interpreting Userinfo this way “is NOT RECOMMENDED, because the passing of authentication information in clear text (such as URI) has proven to be a security risk in almost every case where it has been used.”
type Values ¶
Values maps a string key to a list of values. It is typically used for query parameters and form values. Unlike in the http.Header map, the keys in a Values map are case-sensitive.
Example ¶
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net/url"
)
func main() {
v := url.Values{}
v.Set("name", "Ava")
v.Add("friend", "Jess")
v.Add("friend", "Sarah")
v.Add("friend", "Zoe")
// v.Encode() == "name=Ava&friend=Jess&friend=Sarah&friend=Zoe"
fmt.Println(v.Get("name"))
fmt.Println(v.Get("friend"))
fmt.Println(v["friend"])
}
Output: Ava Jess [Jess Sarah Zoe]
func ParseQuery ¶
ParseQuery parses the URL-encoded query string and returns a map listing the values specified for each key. ParseQuery always returns a non-nil map containing all the valid query parameters found; err describes the first decoding error encountered, if any.
func (Values) Add ¶
Add adds the value to key. It appends to any existing values associated with key.
func (Values) Encode ¶
Encode encodes the values into “URL encoded” form ("bar=baz&foo=quux") sorted by key.
Source Files