gorm

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 Go to latest Published: Apr 26, 2024 License: MIT Imports: 18 Imported by: 58,037

README

GORM

The fantastic ORM library for Golang, aims to be developer friendly.

go report card test status MIT license Go.Dev reference

Overview

  • Full-Featured ORM
  • Associations (Has One, Has Many, Belongs To, Many To Many, Polymorphism, Single-table inheritance)
  • Hooks (Before/After Create/Save/Update/Delete/Find)
  • Eager loading with Preload, Joins
  • Transactions, Nested Transactions, Save Point, RollbackTo to Saved Point
  • Context, Prepared Statement Mode, DryRun Mode
  • Batch Insert, FindInBatches, Find To Map
  • SQL Builder, Upsert, Locking, Optimizer/Index/Comment Hints, NamedArg, Search/Update/Create with SQL Expr
  • Composite Primary Key
  • Auto Migrations
  • Logger
  • Extendable, flexible plugin API: Database Resolver (Multiple Databases, Read/Write Splitting) / Prometheus…
  • Every feature comes with tests
  • Developer Friendly

Getting Started

Contributing

You can help to deliver a better GORM, check out things you can do

Contributors

Thank you for contributing to the GORM framework!

License

© Jinzhu, 2013~time.Now

Released under the MIT License

Documentation

Index

Constants

This section is empty.

Variables

View Source 
var (
	// ErrRecordNotFound record not found error
	ErrRecordNotFound = logger.ErrRecordNotFound
	// ErrInvalidTransaction invalid transaction when you are trying to `Commit` or `Rollback`
	ErrInvalidTransaction = errors.New("invalid transaction")
	// ErrNotImplemented not implemented
	ErrNotImplemented = errors.New("not implemented")
	// ErrMissingWhereClause missing where clause
	ErrMissingWhereClause = errors.New("WHERE conditions required")
	// ErrUnsupportedRelation unsupported relations
	ErrUnsupportedRelation = errors.New("unsupported relations")
	// ErrPrimaryKeyRequired primary keys required
	ErrPrimaryKeyRequired = errors.New("primary key required")
	// ErrModelValueRequired model value required
	ErrModelValueRequired = errors.New("model value required")
	// ErrModelAccessibleFieldsRequired model accessible fields required
	ErrModelAccessibleFieldsRequired = errors.New("model accessible fields required")
	// ErrSubQueryRequired sub query required
	ErrSubQueryRequired = errors.New("sub query required")
	// ErrInvalidData unsupported data
	ErrInvalidData = errors.New("unsupported data")
	// ErrUnsupportedDriver unsupported driver
	ErrUnsupportedDriver = errors.New("unsupported driver")
	// ErrRegistered registered
	ErrRegistered = errors.New("registered")
	// ErrInvalidField invalid field
	ErrInvalidField = errors.New("invalid field")
	// ErrEmptySlice empty slice found
	ErrEmptySlice = errors.New("empty slice found")
	// ErrDryRunModeUnsupported dry run mode unsupported
	ErrDryRunModeUnsupported = errors.New("dry run mode unsupported")
	// ErrInvalidDB invalid db
	ErrInvalidDB = errors.New("invalid db")
	// ErrInvalidValue invalid value
	ErrInvalidValue = errors.New("invalid value, should be pointer to struct or slice")
	// ErrInvalidValueOfLength invalid values do not match length
	ErrInvalidValueOfLength = errors.New("invalid association values, length doesn't match")
	// ErrPreloadNotAllowed preload is not allowed when count is used
	ErrPreloadNotAllowed = errors.New("preload is not allowed when count is used")
	// ErrDuplicatedKey occurs when there is a unique key constraint violation
	ErrDuplicatedKey = errors.New("duplicated key not allowed")
	// ErrForeignKeyViolated occurs when there is a foreign key constraint violation
	ErrForeignKeyViolated = errors.New("violates foreign key constraint")
	// ErrCheckConstraintViolated occurs when there is a check constraint violation
	ErrCheckConstraintViolated = errors.New("violates check constraint")
)

Functions

func Expr 

func Expr(expr string, args ...interface{}) clause.Expr

Expr returns clause.Expr, which can be used to pass SQL expression as params

func Scan 

func Scan(rows Rows, db *DB, mode ScanMode)

Scan scan rows into db statement

Types

type Association 

type Association struct {
	DB           *DB
	Relationship *schema.Relationship
	Unscope      bool
	Error        error
}

Association Mode contains some helper methods to handle relationship things easily.

func (*Association) Append 

func (association *Association) Append(values ...interface{}) error

func (*Association) Clear 

func (association *Association) Clear() error

func (*Association) Count 

func (association *Association) Count() (count int64)

func (*Association) Delete 

func (association *Association) Delete(values ...interface{}) error

func (*Association) Find 

func (association *Association) Find(out interface{}, conds ...interface{}) error

func (*Association) Replace 

func (association *Association) Replace(values ...interface{}) error

func (*Association) Unscoped added in v1.25.1 

func (association *Association) Unscoped() *Association

type ColumnType added in v1.20.5 

type ColumnType interface {
	Name() string
	DatabaseTypeName() string                 // varchar
	ColumnType() (columnType string, ok bool) // varchar(64)
	PrimaryKey() (isPrimaryKey bool, ok bool)
	AutoIncrement() (isAutoIncrement bool, ok bool)
	Length() (length int64, ok bool)
	DecimalSize() (precision int64, scale int64, ok bool)
	Nullable() (nullable bool, ok bool)
	Unique() (unique bool, ok bool)
	ScanType() reflect.Type
	Comment() (value string, ok bool)
	DefaultValue() (value string, ok bool)
}

ColumnType column type interface

type Config 

type Config struct {
	// GORM perform single create, update, delete operations in transactions by default to ensure database data integrity
	// You can disable it by setting `SkipDefaultTransaction` to true
	SkipDefaultTransaction bool
	// NamingStrategy tables, columns naming strategy
	NamingStrategy schema.Namer
	// FullSaveAssociations full save associations
	FullSaveAssociations bool
	// Logger
	Logger logger.Interface
	// NowFunc the function to be used when creating a new timestamp
	NowFunc func() time.Time
	// DryRun generate sql without execute
	DryRun bool
	// PrepareStmt executes the given query in cached statement
	PrepareStmt bool
	// DisableAutomaticPing
	DisableAutomaticPing bool
	// DisableForeignKeyConstraintWhenMigrating
	DisableForeignKeyConstraintWhenMigrating bool
	// IgnoreRelationshipsWhenMigrating
	IgnoreRelationshipsWhenMigrating bool
	// DisableNestedTransaction disable nested transaction
	DisableNestedTransaction bool
	// AllowGlobalUpdate allow global update
	AllowGlobalUpdate bool
	// QueryFields executes the SQL query with all fields of the table
	QueryFields bool
	// CreateBatchSize default create batch size
	CreateBatchSize int
	// TranslateError enabling error translation
	TranslateError bool

	// ClauseBuilders clause builder
	ClauseBuilders map[string]clause.ClauseBuilder
	// ConnPool db conn pool
	ConnPool ConnPool
	// Dialector database dialector
	Dialector
	// Plugins registered plugins
	Plugins map[string]Plugin
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Config GORM config

func (*Config) AfterInitialize added in v1.21.0 

func (c *Config) AfterInitialize(db *DB) error

AfterInitialize initialize plugins after db connected

func (*Config) Apply added in v1.21.0 

func (c *Config) Apply(config *Config) error

Apply update config to new config

type ConnPool 

type ConnPool interface {
	PrepareContext(ctx context.Context, query string) (*sql.Stmt, error)
	ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error)
	QueryContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) (*sql.Rows, error)
	QueryRowContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) *sql.Row
}

ConnPool db conns pool interface

type ConnPoolBeginner added in v0.2.3 

type ConnPoolBeginner interface {
	BeginTx(ctx context.Context, opts *sql.TxOptions) (ConnPool, error)
}

ConnPoolBeginner conn pool beginner

type DB 

type DB struct {
	*Config
	Error        error
	RowsAffected int64
	Statement    *Statement
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

DB GORM DB definition

func Open 

func Open(dialector Dialector, opts ...Option) (db *DB, err error)

Open initialize db session based on dialector

func (*DB) AddError 

func (db *DB) AddError(err error) error

AddError add error to db

func (*DB) Assign 

func (db *DB) Assign(attrs ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Assign provide attributes used in FirstOrCreate or FirstOrInit

Assign adds attributes even if the record is found. If using FirstOrCreate, this means that records will be updated even if they are found. 

// assign an email regardless of if the record is not found
db.Where(User{Name: "non_existing"}).Assign(User{Email: "fake@fake.org"}).FirstOrInit(&user)
// user -> User{Name: "non_existing", Email: "fake@fake.org"}

// assign email regardless of if record is found
db.Where(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).Assign(User{Email: "fake@fake.org"}).FirstOrInit(&user)
// user -> User{Name: "jinzhu", Age: 20, Email: "fake@fake.org"}

func (*DB) Association 

func (db *DB) Association(column string) *Association

func (*DB) Attrs 

func (db *DB) Attrs(attrs ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Attrs provide attributes used in FirstOrCreate or FirstOrInit

Attrs only adds attributes if the record is not found. 

// assign an email if the record is not found
db.Where(User{Name: "non_existing"}).Attrs(User{Email: "fake@fake.org"}).FirstOrInit(&user)
// user -> User{Name: "non_existing", Email: "fake@fake.org"}

// assign an email if the record is not found, otherwise ignore provided email
db.Where(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).Attrs(User{Email: "fake@fake.org"}).FirstOrInit(&user)
// user -> User{Name: "jinzhu", Age: 20}

func (*DB) AutoMigrate 

func (db *DB) AutoMigrate(dst ...interface{}) error

AutoMigrate run auto migration for given models

func (*DB) Begin 

func (db *DB) Begin(opts ...*sql.TxOptions) *DB

Begin begins a transaction with any transaction options opts

func (*DB) Callback 

func (db *DB) Callback() *callbacks

Callback returns callback manager

func (*DB) Clauses 

func (db *DB) Clauses(conds ...clause.Expression) (tx *DB)

Clauses Add clauses

This supports both standard clauses (clause.OrderBy, clause.Limit, clause.Where) and more advanced techniques like specifying lock strength and optimizer hints. See the docs for more depth. 

// add a simple limit clause
db.Clauses(clause.Limit{Limit: 1}).Find(&User{})
// tell the optimizer to use the `idx_user_name` index
db.Clauses(hints.UseIndex("idx_user_name")).Find(&User{})
// specify the lock strength to UPDATE
db.Clauses(clause.Locking{Strength: "UPDATE"}).Find(&users)

func (*DB) Commit 

func (db *DB) Commit() *DB

Commit commits the changes in a transaction

func (*DB) Connection added in v1.22.5 

func (db *DB) Connection(fc func(tx *DB) error) (err error)

Connection uses a db connection to execute an arbitrary number of commands in fc. When finished, the connection is returned to the connection pool.

func (*DB) Count 

func (db *DB) Count(count *int64) (tx *DB)

func (*DB) Create 

func (db *DB) Create(value interface{}) (tx *DB)

Create inserts value, returning the inserted data's primary key in value's id

func (*DB) CreateInBatches added in v1.20.7 

func (db *DB) CreateInBatches(value interface{}, batchSize int) (tx *DB)

CreateInBatches inserts value in batches of batchSize

func (*DB) DB added in v0.2.7 

func (db *DB) DB() (*sql.DB, error)

DB returns `*sql.DB`

func (*DB) Debug 

func (db *DB) Debug() (tx *DB)

Debug start debug mode

func (*DB) Delete 

func (db *DB) Delete(value interface{}, conds ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Delete deletes value matching given conditions. If value contains primary key it is included in the conditions. If value includes a deleted_at field, then Delete performs a soft delete instead by setting deleted_at with the current time if null.

func (*DB) Distinct added in v0.2.3 

func (db *DB) Distinct(args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Distinct specify distinct fields that you want querying 

// Select distinct names of users
db.Distinct("name").Find(&results)
// Select distinct name/age pairs from users
db.Distinct("name", "age").Find(&results)

func (*DB) Exec 

func (db *DB) Exec(sql string, values ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Exec executes raw sql

func (*DB) Find 

func (db *DB) Find(dest interface{}, conds ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Find finds all records matching given conditions conds

func (*DB) FindInBatches added in v0.2.6 

func (db *DB) FindInBatches(dest interface{}, batchSize int, fc func(tx *DB, batch int) error) *DB

FindInBatches finds all records in batches of batchSize

func (*DB) First 

func (db *DB) First(dest interface{}, conds ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

First finds the first record ordered by primary key, matching given conditions conds

func (*DB) FirstOrCreate 

func (db *DB) FirstOrCreate(dest interface{}, conds ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

FirstOrCreate finds the first matching record, otherwise if not found creates a new instance with given conds. Each conds must be a struct or map.

Using FirstOrCreate in conjunction with Assign will result in an update to the database even if the record exists. 

// assign an email if the record is not found
result := db.Where(User{Name: "non_existing"}).Attrs(User{Email: "fake@fake.org"}).FirstOrCreate(&user)
// user -> User{Name: "non_existing", Email: "fake@fake.org"}
// result.RowsAffected -> 1

// assign email regardless of if record is found
result := db.Where(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).Assign(User{Email: "fake@fake.org"}).FirstOrCreate(&user)
// user -> User{Name: "jinzhu", Age: 20, Email: "fake@fake.org"}
// result.RowsAffected -> 1

func (*DB) FirstOrInit 

func (db *DB) FirstOrInit(dest interface{}, conds ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

FirstOrInit finds the first matching record, otherwise if not found initializes a new instance with given conds. Each conds must be a struct or map.

FirstOrInit never modifies the database. It is often used with Assign and Attrs. 

// assign an email if the record is not found
db.Where(User{Name: "non_existing"}).Attrs(User{Email: "fake@fake.org"}).FirstOrInit(&user)
// user -> User{Name: "non_existing", Email: "fake@fake.org"}

// assign email regardless of if record is found
db.Where(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).Assign(User{Email: "fake@fake.org"}).FirstOrInit(&user)
// user -> User{Name: "jinzhu", Age: 20, Email: "fake@fake.org"}

func (*DB) Get 

func (db *DB) Get(key string) (interface{}, bool)

Get get value with key from current db instance's context

func (*DB) Group 

func (db *DB) Group(name string) (tx *DB)

Group specify the group method on the find 

// Select the sum age of users with given names
db.Model(&User{}).Select("name, sum(age) as total").Group("name").Find(&results)

func (*DB) Having 

func (db *DB) Having(query interface{}, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Having specify HAVING conditions for GROUP BY 

// Select the sum age of users with name jinzhu
db.Model(&User{}).Select("name, sum(age) as total").Group("name").Having("name = ?", "jinzhu").Find(&result)

func (*DB) InnerJoins added in v1.24.3 

func (db *DB) InnerJoins(query string, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

InnerJoins specify inner joins conditions db.InnerJoins("Account").Find(&user)

func (*DB) InstanceGet 

func (db *DB) InstanceGet(key string) (interface{}, bool)

InstanceGet get value with key from current db instance's context

func (*DB) InstanceSet 

func (db *DB) InstanceSet(key string, value interface{}) *DB

InstanceSet store value with key into current db instance's context

func (*DB) Joins 

func (db *DB) Joins(query string, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Joins specify Joins conditions 

db.Joins("Account").Find(&user)
db.Joins("JOIN emails ON emails.user_id = users.id AND emails.email = ?", "jinzhu@example.org").Find(&user)
db.Joins("Account", DB.Select("id").Where("user_id = users.id AND name = ?", "someName").Model(&Account{}))

func (*DB) Last 

func (db *DB) Last(dest interface{}, conds ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Last finds the last record ordered by primary key, matching given conditions conds

func (*DB) Limit 

func (db *DB) Limit(limit int) (tx *DB)

Limit specify the number of records to be retrieved

Limit conditions can be cancelled by using `Limit(-1)`. 

// retrieve 3 users
db.Limit(3).Find(&users)
// retrieve 3 users into users1, and all users into users2
db.Limit(3).Find(&users1).Limit(-1).Find(&users2)

func (*DB) Migrator 

func (db *DB) Migrator() Migrator

Migrator returns migrator

func (*DB) Model 

func (db *DB) Model(value interface{}) (tx *DB)

Model specify the model you would like to run db operations 

// update all users's name to `hello`
db.Model(&User{}).Update("name", "hello")
// if user's primary key is non-blank, will use it as condition, then will only update that user's name to `hello`
db.Model(&user).Update("name", "hello")

func (*DB) Not 

func (db *DB) Not(query interface{}, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Not add NOT conditions

Not works similarly to where, and has the same syntax. 

// Find the first user with name not equal to jinzhu
db.Not("name = ?", "jinzhu").First(&user)

func (*DB) Offset 

func (db *DB) Offset(offset int) (tx *DB)

Offset specify the number of records to skip before starting to return the records

Offset conditions can be cancelled by using `Offset(-1)`. 

// select the third user
db.Offset(2).First(&user)
// select the first user by cancelling an earlier chained offset
db.Offset(5).Offset(-1).First(&user)

func (*DB) Omit 

func (db *DB) Omit(columns ...string) (tx *DB)

Omit specify fields that you want to ignore when creating, updating and querying

func (*DB) Or 

func (db *DB) Or(query interface{}, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Or add OR conditions

Or is used to chain together queries with an OR. 

// Find the first user with name equal to jinzhu or john
db.Where("name = ?", "jinzhu").Or("name = ?", "john").First(&user)

func (*DB) Order 

func (db *DB) Order(value interface{}) (tx *DB)

Order specify order when retrieving records from database 

db.Order("name DESC")
db.Order(clause.OrderByColumn{Column: clause.Column{Name: "name"}, Desc: true})

func (*DB) Pluck 

func (db *DB) Pluck(column string, dest interface{}) (tx *DB)

Pluck queries a single column from a model, returning in the slice dest. E.g.: 

var ages []int64
db.Model(&users).Pluck("age", &ages)

func (*DB) Preload 

func (db *DB) Preload(query string, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Preload preload associations with given conditions 

// get all users, and preload all non-cancelled orders
db.Preload("Orders", "state NOT IN (?)", "cancelled").Find(&users)

func (*DB) Raw 

func (db *DB) Raw(sql string, values ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

func (*DB) Rollback 

func (db *DB) Rollback() *DB

Rollback rollbacks the changes in a transaction

func (*DB) RollbackTo added in v0.2.9 

func (db *DB) RollbackTo(name string) *DB

func (*DB) Row 

func (db *DB) Row() *sql.Row

func (*DB) Rows 

func (db *DB) Rows() (*sql.Rows, error)

func (*DB) Save 

func (db *DB) Save(value interface{}) (tx *DB)

Save updates value in database. If value doesn't contain a matching primary key, value is inserted.

func (*DB) SavePoint added in v0.2.9 

func (db *DB) SavePoint(name string) *DB

func (*DB) Scan 

func (db *DB) Scan(dest interface{}) (tx *DB)

Scan scans selected value to the struct dest

func (*DB) ScanRows 

func (db *DB) ScanRows(rows *sql.Rows, dest interface{}) error

func (*DB) Scopes 

func (db *DB) Scopes(funcs ...func(*DB) *DB) (tx *DB)

Scopes pass current database connection to arguments `func(DB) DB`, which could be used to add conditions dynamically 

func AmountGreaterThan1000(db *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {
    return db.Where("amount > ?", 1000)
}

func OrderStatus(status []string) func (db *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {
    return func (db *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {
        return db.Scopes(AmountGreaterThan1000).Where("status in (?)", status)
    }
}

db.Scopes(AmountGreaterThan1000, OrderStatus([]string{"paid", "shipped"})).Find(&orders)

func (*DB) Select 

func (db *DB) Select(query interface{}, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Select specify fields that you want when querying, creating, updating

Use Select when you only want a subset of the fields. By default, GORM will select all fields. Select accepts both string arguments and arrays. 

// Select name and age of user using multiple arguments
db.Select("name", "age").Find(&users)
// Select name and age of user using an array
db.Select([]string{"name", "age"}).Find(&users)

func (*DB) Session 

func (db *DB) Session(config *Session) *DB

Session create new db session

func (*DB) Set 

func (db *DB) Set(key string, value interface{}) *DB

Set store value with key into current db instance's context

func (*DB) SetupJoinTable 

func (db *DB) SetupJoinTable(model interface{}, field string, joinTable interface{}) error

SetupJoinTable setup join table schema

func (*DB) Table 

func (db *DB) Table(name string, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Table specify the table you would like to run db operations 

// Get a user
db.Table("users").Take(&result)

func (*DB) Take 

func (db *DB) Take(dest interface{}, conds ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Take finds the first record returned by the database in no specified order, matching given conditions conds

func (*DB) ToSQL added in v1.22.3 

func (db *DB) ToSQL(queryFn func(tx *DB) *DB) string

ToSQL for generate SQL string. 

db.ToSQL(func(tx *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {
		return tx.Model(&User{}).Where(&User{Name: "foo", Age: 20})
			.Limit(10).Offset(5)
			.Order("name ASC")
			.First(&User{})
})

func (*DB) Transaction 

func (db *DB) Transaction(fc func(tx *DB) error, opts ...*sql.TxOptions) (err error)

Transaction start a transaction as a block, return error will rollback, otherwise to commit. Transaction executes an arbitrary number of commands in fc within a transaction. On success the changes are committed; if an error occurs they are rolled back.

func (*DB) Unscoped 

func (db *DB) Unscoped() (tx *DB)

Unscoped disables the global scope of soft deletion in a query. By default, GORM uses soft deletion, marking records as "deleted" by setting a timestamp on a specific field (e.g., `deleted_at`). Unscoped allows queries to include records marked as deleted, overriding the soft deletion behavior. Example: 

var users []User
db.Unscoped().Find(&users)
// Retrieves all users, including deleted ones.

func (*DB) Update 

func (db *DB) Update(column string, value interface{}) (tx *DB)

Update updates column with value using callbacks. Reference: https://gorm.io/docs/update.html#Update-Changed-Fields

func (*DB) UpdateColumn 

func (db *DB) UpdateColumn(column string, value interface{}) (tx *DB)

func (*DB) UpdateColumns 

func (db *DB) UpdateColumns(values interface{}) (tx *DB)

func (*DB) Updates 

func (db *DB) Updates(values interface{}) (tx *DB)

Updates updates attributes using callbacks. values must be a struct or map. Reference: https://gorm.io/docs/update.html#Update-Changed-Fields

func (*DB) Use added in v0.2.13 

func (db *DB) Use(plugin Plugin) error

Use use plugin

func (*DB) Where 

func (db *DB) Where(query interface{}, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB)

Where add conditions

See the docs for details on the various formats that where clauses can take. By default, where clauses chain with AND. 

// Find the first user with name jinzhu
db.Where("name = ?", "jinzhu").First(&user)
// Find the first user with name jinzhu and age 20
db.Where(&User{Name: "jinzhu", Age: 20}).First(&user)
// Find the first user with name jinzhu and age not equal to 20
db.Where("name = ?", "jinzhu").Where("age <> ?", "20").First(&user)

func (*DB) WithContext 

func (db *DB) WithContext(ctx context.Context) *DB

WithContext change current instance db's context to ctx

type DeletedAt 

type DeletedAt sql.NullTime

func (DeletedAt) DeleteClauses 

func (DeletedAt) DeleteClauses(f *schema.Field) []clause.Interface

func (DeletedAt) MarshalJSON added in v1.20.3 

func (n DeletedAt) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)

func (DeletedAt) QueryClauses 

func (DeletedAt) QueryClauses(f *schema.Field) []clause.Interface

func (*DeletedAt) Scan 

func (n *DeletedAt) Scan(value interface{}) error

Scan implements the Scanner interface.

func (*DeletedAt) UnmarshalJSON added in v1.20.3 

func (n *DeletedAt) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error

func (DeletedAt) UpdateClauses added in v1.21.11 

func (DeletedAt) UpdateClauses(f *schema.Field) []clause.Interface

func (DeletedAt) Value 

func (n DeletedAt) Value() (driver.Value, error)

Value implements the driver Valuer interface.

type Dialector 

type Dialector interface {
	Name() string
	Initialize(*DB) error
	Migrator(db *DB) Migrator
	DataTypeOf(*schema.Field) string
	DefaultValueOf(*schema.Field) clause.Expression
	BindVarTo(writer clause.Writer, stmt *Statement, v interface{})
	QuoteTo(clause.Writer, string)
	Explain(sql string, vars ...interface{}) string
}

Dialector GORM database dialector

type ErrorTranslator added in v1.25.0 

type ErrorTranslator interface {
	Translate(err error) error
}

type GetDBConnector added in v1.21.5 

type GetDBConnector interface {
	GetDBConn() (*sql.DB, error)
}

GetDBConnector SQL db connector

type Index added in v1.23.7 

type Index interface {
	Table() string
	Name() string
	Columns() []string
	PrimaryKey() (isPrimaryKey bool, ok bool)
	Unique() (unique bool, ok bool)
	Option() string
}

type Migrator 

type Migrator interface {
	// AutoMigrate
	AutoMigrate(dst ...interface{}) error

	// Database
	CurrentDatabase() string
	FullDataTypeOf(*schema.Field) clause.Expr
	GetTypeAliases(databaseTypeName string) []string

	// Tables
	CreateTable(dst ...interface{}) error
	DropTable(dst ...interface{}) error
	HasTable(dst interface{}) bool
	RenameTable(oldName, newName interface{}) error
	GetTables() (tableList []string, err error)
	TableType(dst interface{}) (TableType, error)

	// Columns
	AddColumn(dst interface{}, field string) error
	DropColumn(dst interface{}, field string) error
	AlterColumn(dst interface{}, field string) error
	MigrateColumn(dst interface{}, field *schema.Field, columnType ColumnType) error
	// MigrateColumnUnique migrate column's UNIQUE constraint, it's part of MigrateColumn.
	MigrateColumnUnique(dst interface{}, field *schema.Field, columnType ColumnType) error
	HasColumn(dst interface{}, field string) bool
	RenameColumn(dst interface{}, oldName, field string) error
	ColumnTypes(dst interface{}) ([]ColumnType, error)

	// Views
	CreateView(name string, option ViewOption) error
	DropView(name string) error

	// Constraints
	CreateConstraint(dst interface{}, name string) error
	DropConstraint(dst interface{}, name string) error
	HasConstraint(dst interface{}, name string) bool

	// Indexes
	CreateIndex(dst interface{}, name string) error
	DropIndex(dst interface{}, name string) error
	HasIndex(dst interface{}, name string) bool
	RenameIndex(dst interface{}, oldName, newName string) error
	GetIndexes(dst interface{}) ([]Index, error)
}

Migrator migrator interface

type Model 

type Model struct {
	ID        uint `gorm:"primarykey"`
	CreatedAt time.Time
	UpdatedAt time.Time
	DeletedAt DeletedAt `gorm:"index"`
}

Model a basic GoLang struct which includes the following fields: ID, CreatedAt, UpdatedAt, DeletedAt It may be embedded into your model or you may build your own model without it 

type User struct {
  gorm.Model
}

type Option added in v1.21.0 

type Option interface {
	Apply(*Config) error
	AfterInitialize(*DB) error
}

Option gorm option interface

type ParamsFilter added in v1.24.3 

type ParamsFilter interface {
	ParamsFilter(ctx context.Context, sql string, params ...interface{}) (string, []interface{})
}

type Plugin added in v0.2.13 

type Plugin interface {
	Name() string
	Initialize(*DB) error
}

Plugin GORM plugin interface

type PreparedStmtDB added in v0.2.3 

type PreparedStmtDB struct {
	Stmts       map[string]*Stmt
	PreparedSQL []string
	Mux         *sync.RWMutex
	ConnPool
}

func NewPreparedStmtDB added in v1.25.2 

func NewPreparedStmtDB(connPool ConnPool) *PreparedStmtDB

func (*PreparedStmtDB) BeginTx added in v0.2.3 

func (db *PreparedStmtDB) BeginTx(ctx context.Context, opt *sql.TxOptions) (ConnPool, error)

func (*PreparedStmtDB) Close added in v0.2.13 

func (db *PreparedStmtDB) Close()

func (*PreparedStmtDB) ExecContext added in v0.2.3 

func (db *PreparedStmtDB) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error)

func (*PreparedStmtDB) GetDBConn added in v1.21.6 

func (db *PreparedStmtDB) GetDBConn() (*sql.DB, error)

func (*PreparedStmtDB) Ping added in v1.25.10 

func (db *PreparedStmtDB) Ping() error

func (*PreparedStmtDB) QueryContext added in v0.2.3 

func (db *PreparedStmtDB) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) (rows *sql.Rows, err error)

func (*PreparedStmtDB) QueryRowContext added in v0.2.3 

func (db *PreparedStmtDB) QueryRowContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) *sql.Row

func (*PreparedStmtDB) Reset added in v1.24.1 

func (sdb *PreparedStmtDB) Reset()

type PreparedStmtTX added in v0.2.3 

type PreparedStmtTX struct {
	Tx
	PreparedStmtDB *PreparedStmtDB
}

func (*PreparedStmtTX) Commit added in v1.20.1 

func (tx *PreparedStmtTX) Commit() error

func (*PreparedStmtTX) ExecContext added in v0.2.3 

func (tx *PreparedStmtTX) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error)

func (*PreparedStmtTX) GetDBConn added in v1.25.4 

func (db *PreparedStmtTX) GetDBConn() (*sql.DB, error)

func (*PreparedStmtTX) Ping added in v1.25.10 

func (tx *PreparedStmtTX) Ping() error

func (*PreparedStmtTX) QueryContext added in v0.2.3 

func (tx *PreparedStmtTX) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) (rows *sql.Rows, err error)

func (*PreparedStmtTX) QueryRowContext added in v0.2.3 

func (tx *PreparedStmtTX) QueryRowContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) *sql.Row

func (*PreparedStmtTX) Rollback added in v1.20.1 

func (tx *PreparedStmtTX) Rollback() error

type Rows added in v1.23.4 

type Rows interface {
	Columns() ([]string, error)
	ColumnTypes() ([]*sql.ColumnType, error)
	Next() bool
	Scan(dest ...interface{}) error
	Err() error
	Close() error
}

Rows rows interface

type SavePointerDialectorInterface added in v0.2.9 

type SavePointerDialectorInterface interface {
	SavePoint(tx *DB, name string) error
	RollbackTo(tx *DB, name string) error
}

SavePointerDialectorInterface save pointer interface

type ScanMode added in v1.22.0 

type ScanMode uint8

ScanMode scan data mode 

const (
	ScanInitialized         ScanMode = 1 << 0 // 1
	ScanUpdate              ScanMode = 1 << 1 // 2
	ScanOnConflictDoNothing ScanMode = 1 << 2 // 4
)

scan modes

type Session 

type Session struct {
	DryRun                   bool
	PrepareStmt              bool
	NewDB                    bool
	Initialized              bool
	SkipHooks                bool
	SkipDefaultTransaction   bool
	DisableNestedTransaction bool
	AllowGlobalUpdate        bool
	FullSaveAssociations     bool
	QueryFields              bool
	Context                  context.Context
	Logger                   logger.Interface
	NowFunc                  func() time.Time
	CreateBatchSize          int
}

Session session config when create session with Session() method

type SoftDeleteDeleteClause added in v0.2.32 

type SoftDeleteDeleteClause struct {
	ZeroValue sql.NullString
	Field     *schema.Field
}

func (SoftDeleteDeleteClause) Build added in v0.2.32 

func (sd SoftDeleteDeleteClause) Build(clause.Builder)

func (SoftDeleteDeleteClause) MergeClause added in v0.2.32 

func (sd SoftDeleteDeleteClause) MergeClause(*clause.Clause)

func (SoftDeleteDeleteClause) ModifyStatement added in v0.2.32 

func (sd SoftDeleteDeleteClause) ModifyStatement(stmt *Statement)

func (SoftDeleteDeleteClause) Name added in v0.2.32 

func (sd SoftDeleteDeleteClause) Name() string

type SoftDeleteQueryClause added in v0.2.32 

type SoftDeleteQueryClause struct {
	ZeroValue sql.NullString
	Field     *schema.Field
}

func (SoftDeleteQueryClause) Build added in v0.2.32 

func (sd SoftDeleteQueryClause) Build(clause.Builder)

func (SoftDeleteQueryClause) MergeClause added in v0.2.32 

func (sd SoftDeleteQueryClause) MergeClause(*clause.Clause)

func (SoftDeleteQueryClause) ModifyStatement added in v0.2.32 

func (sd SoftDeleteQueryClause) ModifyStatement(stmt *Statement)

func (SoftDeleteQueryClause) Name added in v0.2.32 

func (sd SoftDeleteQueryClause) Name() string

type SoftDeleteUpdateClause added in v1.21.11 

type SoftDeleteUpdateClause struct {
	ZeroValue sql.NullString
	Field     *schema.Field
}

func (SoftDeleteUpdateClause) Build added in v1.21.11 

func (sd SoftDeleteUpdateClause) Build(clause.Builder)

func (SoftDeleteUpdateClause) MergeClause added in v1.21.11 

func (sd SoftDeleteUpdateClause) MergeClause(*clause.Clause)

func (SoftDeleteUpdateClause) ModifyStatement added in v1.21.11 

func (sd SoftDeleteUpdateClause) ModifyStatement(stmt *Statement)

func (SoftDeleteUpdateClause) Name added in v1.21.11 

func (sd SoftDeleteUpdateClause) Name() string

type Statement 

type Statement struct {
	*DB
	TableExpr            *clause.Expr
	Table                string
	Model                interface{}
	Unscoped             bool
	Dest                 interface{}
	ReflectValue         reflect.Value
	Clauses              map[string]clause.Clause
	BuildClauses         []string
	Distinct             bool
	Selects              []string // selected columns
	Omits                []string // omit columns
	Joins                []join
	Preloads             map[string][]interface{}
	Settings             sync.Map
	ConnPool             ConnPool
	Schema               *schema.Schema
	Context              context.Context
	RaiseErrorOnNotFound bool
	SkipHooks            bool
	SQL                  strings.Builder
	Vars                 []interface{}
	CurDestIndex         int
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Statement statement

func (*Statement) AddClause 

func (stmt *Statement) AddClause(v clause.Interface)

AddClause add clause

func (*Statement) AddClauseIfNotExists 

func (stmt *Statement) AddClauseIfNotExists(v clause.Interface)

AddClauseIfNotExists add clause if not exists

func (*Statement) AddVar 

func (stmt *Statement) AddVar(writer clause.Writer, vars ...interface{})

AddVar add var

func (*Statement) Build 

func (stmt *Statement) Build(clauses ...string)

Build build sql with clauses names

func (*Statement) BuildCondition added in v0.2.5 

func (stmt *Statement) BuildCondition(query interface{}, args ...interface{}) []clause.Expression

BuildCondition build condition

func (*Statement) Changed added in v0.2.19 

func (stmt *Statement) Changed(fields ...string) bool

Changed check model changed or not when updating

func (*Statement) Parse 

func (stmt *Statement) Parse(value interface{}) (err error)

func (*Statement) ParseWithSpecialTableName added in v1.22.0 

func (stmt *Statement) ParseWithSpecialTableName(value interface{}, specialTableName string) (err error)

func (*Statement) Quote 

func (stmt *Statement) Quote(field interface{}) string

Quote returns quoted value

func (*Statement) QuoteTo 

func (stmt *Statement) QuoteTo(writer clause.Writer, field interface{})

QuoteTo write quoted value to writer

func (*Statement) SelectAndOmitColumns added in v0.2.19 

func (stmt *Statement) SelectAndOmitColumns(requireCreate, requireUpdate bool) (map[string]bool, bool)

SelectAndOmitColumns get select and omit columns, select -> true, omit -> false

func (*Statement) SetColumn added in v0.2.19 

func (stmt *Statement) SetColumn(name string, value interface{}, fromCallbacks ...bool)

SetColumn set column's value 

stmt.SetColumn("Name", "jinzhu") // Hooks Method
stmt.SetColumn("Name", "jinzhu", true) // Callbacks Method

func (*Statement) WriteByte 

func (stmt *Statement) WriteByte(c byte) error

WriteByte write byte

func (*Statement) WriteQuoted 

func (stmt *Statement) WriteQuoted(value interface{})

WriteQuoted write quoted value

func (*Statement) WriteString 

func (stmt *Statement) WriteString(str string) (int, error)

WriteString write string

type StatementModifier 

type StatementModifier interface {
	ModifyStatement(*Statement)
}

StatementModifier statement modifier interface

type Stmt added in v1.20.11 

type Stmt struct {
	*sql.Stmt
	Transaction bool
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

type TableType added in v1.25.1 

type TableType interface {
	Schema() string
	Name() string
	Type() string
	Comment() (comment string, ok bool)
}

TableType table type interface

type Tx added in v1.23.2 

type Tx interface {
	ConnPool
	TxCommitter
	StmtContext(ctx context.Context, stmt *sql.Stmt) *sql.Stmt
}

Tx sql.Tx interface

type TxBeginner 

type TxBeginner interface {
	BeginTx(ctx context.Context, opts *sql.TxOptions) (*sql.Tx, error)
}

TxBeginner tx beginner

type TxCommitter added in v0.2.3 

type TxCommitter interface {
	Commit() error
	Rollback() error
}

TxCommitter tx committer

type Valuer added in v0.2.38 

type Valuer interface {
	GormValue(context.Context, *DB) clause.Expr
}

Valuer gorm valuer interface

type ViewOption 

type ViewOption struct {
	Replace     bool   // If true, exec `CREATE`. If false, exec `CREATE OR REPLACE`
	CheckOption string // optional. e.g. `WITH [ CASCADED | LOCAL ] CHECK OPTION`
	Query       *DB    // required subquery.
}

ViewOption view option

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