mflag

package
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 Go to latest Published: Nov 10, 2015 License: BSD-3-Clause, Apache-2.0 Imports: 11 Imported by: 0

README

Package mflag (aka multiple-flag) implements command-line flag parsing.
It's an hacky fork of the official golang package

It adds:

  • both short and long flag version
    ./example -s red ./example --string blue

  • multiple names for the same option

$>./example -h
Usage of example:
  -s, --string="": a simple string

It is very flexible on purpose, so you can do things like:

$>./example -h
Usage of example:
  -s, -string, --string="": a simple string

Or:

$>./example -h
Usage of example:
  -oldflag, --newflag="": a simple string

You can also hide some flags from the usage, so if we want only --newflag:

$>./example -h
Usage of example:
  --newflag="": a simple string
$>./example -oldflag str
str

See example.go for more details.

Documentation

Overview

Package flag implements command-line flag parsing.

Usage:

Define flags using flag.String(), Bool(), Int(), etc.

This declares an integer flag, -f or --flagname, stored in the pointer ip, with type *int. 

import "flag /github.com/docker/docker/pkg/mflag"
var ip = flag.Int([]string{"f", "-flagname"}, 1234, "help message for flagname")

If you like, you can bind the flag to a variable using the Var() functions. 

var flagvar int
func init() {
	// -flaghidden will work, but will be hidden from the usage
	flag.IntVar(&flagvar, []string{"f", "#flaghidden", "-flagname"}, 1234, "help message for flagname")
}

Or you can create custom flags that satisfy the Value interface (with pointer receivers) and couple them to flag parsing by 

flag.Var(&flagVal, []string{"name"}, "help message for flagname")

For such flags, the default value is just the initial value of the variable.

You can also add "deprecated" flags, they are still usable, but are not shown in the usage and will display a warning when you try to use them. `#` before an option means this option is deprecated, if there is an following option without `#` ahead, then that's the replacement, if not, it will just be removed: 

var ip = flag.Int([]string{"#f", "#flagname", "-flagname"}, 1234, "help message for flagname")

this will display: `Warning: '-f' is deprecated, it will be replaced by '--flagname' soon. See usage.` or this will display: `Warning: '-flagname' is deprecated, it will be replaced by '--flagname' soon. See usage.` 

var ip = flag.Int([]string{"f", "#flagname"}, 1234, "help message for flagname")

will display: `Warning: '-flagname' is deprecated, it will be removed soon. See usage.` so you can only use `-f`.

You can also group one letter flags, bif you declare 

var v = flag.Bool([]string{"v", "-verbose"}, false, "help message for verbose")
var s = flag.Bool([]string{"s", "-slow"}, false, "help message for slow")

you will be able to use the -vs or -sv

After all flags are defined, call 

flag.Parse()

to parse the command line into the defined flags.

Flags may then be used directly. If you're using the flags themselves, they are all pointers; if you bind to variables, they're values. 

fmt.Println("ip has value ", *ip)
fmt.Println("flagvar has value ", flagvar)

After parsing, the arguments after the flag are available as the slice flag.Args() or individually as flag.Arg(i). The arguments are indexed from 0 through flag.NArg()-1.

Command line flag syntax: 

-flag
-flag=x
-flag="x"
-flag='x'
-flag x  // non-boolean flags only

One or two minus signs may be used; they are equivalent. The last form is not permitted for boolean flags because the meaning of the command 

cmd -x *

will change if there is a file called 0, false, etc. You must use the -flag=false form to turn off a boolean flag.

Flag parsing stops just before the first non-flag argument ("-" is a non-flag argument) or after the terminator "--".

Integer flags accept 1234, 0664, 0x1234 and may be negative. Boolean flags may be 1, 0, t, f, true, false, TRUE, FALSE, True, False. Duration flags accept any input valid for time.ParseDuration.

The default set of command-line flags is controlled by top-level functions. The FlagSet type allows one to define independent sets of flags, such as to implement subcommands in a command-line interface. The methods of FlagSet are analogous to the top-level functions for the command-line flag set.

Index

Constants

View Source 
const (
	Exact nArgRequirementType = iota
	Max
	Min
)

Indicator used to pass to BadArgs function

Variables

View Source 
var CommandLine = NewFlagSet(os.Args[0], ExitOnError)

CommandLine is the default set of command-line flags, parsed from os.Args. The top-level functions such as BoolVar, Arg, and on are wrappers for the methods of CommandLine.

View Source 
var ErrHelp = errors.New("flag: help requested")

ErrHelp is the error returned if the flag -help is invoked but no such flag is defined.

View Source 
var ErrRetry = errors.New("flag: retry")

ErrRetry is the error returned if you need to try letter by letter

View Source 
var ShortUsage = func() {
	fmt.Fprintf(CommandLine.output, "Usage of %s:\n", os.Args[0])
}

Usage prints to standard error a usage message documenting the standard command layout The function is a variable that may be changed to point to a custom function.

View Source 
var Usage = func() {
	fmt.Fprintf(CommandLine.Out(), "Usage of %s:\n", os.Args[0])
	PrintDefaults()
}

Usage prints to standard error a usage message documenting all defined command-line flags. The function is a variable that may be changed to point to a custom function.

Functions

func Arg 

func Arg(i int) string

Arg returns the i'th command-line argument. Arg(0) is the first remaining argument after flags have been processed.

func Args 

func Args() []string

Args returns the non-flag command-line arguments.

func Bool 

func Bool(names []string, value bool, usage string) *bool

Bool defines a bool flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a bool variable that stores the value of the flag.

func BoolVar 

func BoolVar(p *bool, names []string, value bool, usage string)

BoolVar defines a bool flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a bool variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func Duration 

func Duration(names []string, value time.Duration, usage string) *time.Duration

Duration defines a time.Duration flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a time.Duration variable that stores the value of the flag.

func DurationVar 

func DurationVar(p *time.Duration, names []string, value time.Duration, usage string)

DurationVar defines a time.Duration flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a time.Duration variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func Float64 

func Float64(names []string, value float64, usage string) *float64

Float64 defines a float64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a float64 variable that stores the value of the flag.

func Float64Var 

func Float64Var(p *float64, names []string, value float64, usage string)

Float64Var defines a float64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a float64 variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func Int 

func Int(names []string, value int, usage string) *int

Int defines an int flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of an int variable that stores the value of the flag.

func Int64 

func Int64(names []string, value int64, usage string) *int64

Int64 defines an int64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of an int64 variable that stores the value of the flag.

func Int64Var 

func Int64Var(p *int64, names []string, value int64, usage string)

Int64Var defines an int64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to an int64 variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func IntVar 

func IntVar(p *int, names []string, value int, usage string)

IntVar defines an int flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to an int variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func IsSet 

func IsSet(name string) bool

Indicates whether the specified flag was specified at all on the cmd line

func Merge added in v0.4.0 

func Merge(dest *FlagSet, flagsets ...*FlagSet) error

func NArg 

func NArg() int

NArg is the number of arguments remaining after flags have been processed.

func NFlag 

func NFlag() int

NFlag returns the number of command-line flags that have been set.

func Parse 

func Parse()

Parse parses the command-line flags from os.Args[1:]. Must be called after all flags are defined and before flags are accessed by the program.

func Parsed 

func Parsed() bool

Parsed returns true if the command-line flags have been parsed.

func PrintDefaults 

func PrintDefaults()

PrintDefaults prints to standard error the default values of all defined command-line flags.

func Set 

func Set(name, value string) error

Set sets the value of the named command-line flag.

func String 

func String(names []string, value string, usage string) *string

String defines a string flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a string variable that stores the value of the flag.

func StringVar 

func StringVar(p *string, names []string, value string, usage string)

StringVar defines a string flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a string variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func Uint 

func Uint(names []string, value uint, usage string) *uint

Uint defines a uint flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a uint variable that stores the value of the flag.

func Uint64 

func Uint64(names []string, value uint64, usage string) *uint64

Uint64 defines a uint64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a uint64 variable that stores the value of the flag.

func Uint64Var 

func Uint64Var(p *uint64, names []string, value uint64, usage string)

Uint64Var defines a uint64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a uint64 variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func UintVar 

func UintVar(p *uint, names []string, value uint, usage string)

UintVar defines a uint flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a uint variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func Var 

func Var(value Value, names []string, usage string)

Var defines a flag with the specified name and usage string. The type and value of the flag are represented by the first argument, of type Value, which typically holds a user-defined implementation of Value. For instance, the caller could create a flag that turns a comma-separated string into a slice of strings by giving the slice the methods of Value; in particular, Set would decompose the comma-separated string into the slice.

func Visit 

func Visit(fn func(*Flag))

Visit visits the command-line flags in lexicographical order, calling fn for each. It visits only those flags that have been set.

func VisitAll 

func VisitAll(fn func(*Flag))

VisitAll visits the command-line flags in lexicographical order, calling fn for each. It visits all flags, even those not set.

Types

type ErrorHandling 

type ErrorHandling int

ErrorHandling defines how to handle flag parsing errors. 

const (
	ContinueOnError ErrorHandling = iota
	ExitOnError
	PanicOnError
)

type Flag 

type Flag struct {
	Names    []string // name as it appears on command line
	Usage    string   // help message
	Value    Value    // value as set
	DefValue string   // default value (as text); for usage message
}

A Flag represents the state of a flag.

func Lookup 

func Lookup(name string) *Flag

Lookup returns the Flag structure of the named command-line flag, returning nil if none exists.

type FlagSet 

type FlagSet struct {
	// Usage is the function called when an error occurs while parsing flags.
	// The field is a function (not a method) that may be changed to point to
	// a custom error handler.
	Usage      func()
	ShortUsage func()
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

A FlagSet represents a set of defined flags. The zero value of a FlagSet has no name and has ContinueOnError error handling.

func NewFlagSet 

func NewFlagSet(name string, errorHandling ErrorHandling) *FlagSet

NewFlagSet returns a new, empty flag set with the specified name and error handling property.

func (*FlagSet) Arg 

func (f *FlagSet) Arg(i int) string

Arg returns the i'th argument. Arg(0) is the first remaining argument after flags have been processed.

func (*FlagSet) Args 

func (f *FlagSet) Args() []string

Args returns the non-flag arguments.

func (*FlagSet) Bool 

func (f *FlagSet) Bool(names []string, value bool, usage string) *bool

Bool defines a bool flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a bool variable that stores the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) BoolVar 

func (f *FlagSet) BoolVar(p *bool, names []string, value bool, usage string)

BoolVar defines a bool flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a bool variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) CheckArgs 

func (f *FlagSet) CheckArgs() (message string)

CheckArgs uses the requirements set by FlagSet.Require() to validate the number of arguments. If the requirements are not met, an error message string is returned.

func (*FlagSet) Duration 

func (f *FlagSet) Duration(names []string, value time.Duration, usage string) *time.Duration

Duration defines a time.Duration flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a time.Duration variable that stores the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) DurationVar 

func (f *FlagSet) DurationVar(p *time.Duration, names []string, value time.Duration, usage string)

DurationVar defines a time.Duration flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a time.Duration variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) FlagCount 

func (f *FlagSet) FlagCount() int

FlagCount returns the number of flags that have been defined.

func (*FlagSet) FlagCountUndeprecated 

func (f *FlagSet) FlagCountUndeprecated() int

FlagCountUndeprecated returns the number of undeprecated flags that have been defined.

func (*FlagSet) Float64 

func (f *FlagSet) Float64(names []string, value float64, usage string) *float64

Float64 defines a float64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a float64 variable that stores the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) Float64Var 

func (f *FlagSet) Float64Var(p *float64, names []string, value float64, usage string)

Float64Var defines a float64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a float64 variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) Init 

func (f *FlagSet) Init(name string, errorHandling ErrorHandling)

Init sets the name and error handling property for a flag set. By default, the zero FlagSet uses an empty name and the ContinueOnError error handling policy.

func (*FlagSet) Int 

func (f *FlagSet) Int(names []string, value int, usage string) *int

Int defines an int flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of an int variable that stores the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) Int64 

func (f *FlagSet) Int64(names []string, value int64, usage string) *int64

Int64 defines an int64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of an int64 variable that stores the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) Int64Var 

func (f *FlagSet) Int64Var(p *int64, names []string, value int64, usage string)

Int64Var defines an int64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to an int64 variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) IntVar 

func (f *FlagSet) IntVar(p *int, names []string, value int, usage string)

IntVar defines an int flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to an int variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) IsEmpty added in v0.4.0 

func (f *FlagSet) IsEmpty() bool

func (*FlagSet) IsSet 

func (f *FlagSet) IsSet(name string) bool

Indicates whether the specified flag was specified at all on the cmd line

func (*FlagSet) Lookup 

func (f *FlagSet) Lookup(name string) *Flag

Lookup returns the Flag structure of the named flag, returning nil if none exists.

func (*FlagSet) NArg 

func (f *FlagSet) NArg() int

NArg is the number of arguments remaining after flags have been processed.

func (*FlagSet) NFlag 

func (f *FlagSet) NFlag() int

NFlag returns the number of flags that have been set.

func (*FlagSet) Name 

func (f *FlagSet) Name() string

Name returns the name of the FlagSet.

func (*FlagSet) Out 

func (f *FlagSet) Out() io.Writer

Out returns the destination for usage and error messages.

func (*FlagSet) Parse 

func (f *FlagSet) Parse(arguments []string) error

Parse parses flag definitions from the argument list, which should not include the command name. Must be called after all flags in the FlagSet are defined and before flags are accessed by the program. The return value will be ErrHelp if -help was set but not defined.

func (*FlagSet) ParseFlags 

func (cmd *FlagSet) ParseFlags(args []string, withHelp bool) error

ParseFlags is a utility function that adds a help flag if withHelp is true, calls cmd.Parse(args) and prints a relevant error message if there are incorrect number of arguments. It returns error only if error handling is set to ContinueOnError and parsing fails. If error handling is set to ExitOnError, it's safe to ignore the return value.

func (*FlagSet) Parsed 

func (f *FlagSet) Parsed() bool

Parsed reports whether f.Parse has been called.

func (*FlagSet) PrintDefaults 

func (f *FlagSet) PrintDefaults()

PrintDefaults prints, to standard error unless configured otherwise, the default values of all defined flags in the set.

func (*FlagSet) ReportError 

func (cmd *FlagSet) ReportError(str string, withHelp bool)

func (*FlagSet) Require 

func (f *FlagSet) Require(nArgRequirementType nArgRequirementType, nArg int)

Require adds a requirement about the number of arguments for the FlagSet. The first parameter can be Exact, Max, or Min to respectively specify the exact, the maximum, or the minimal number of arguments required. The actual check is done in FlagSet.CheckArgs().

func (*FlagSet) Set 

func (f *FlagSet) Set(name, value string) error

Set sets the value of the named flag.

func (*FlagSet) SetOutput 

func (f *FlagSet) SetOutput(output io.Writer)

SetOutput sets the destination for usage and error messages. If output is nil, os.Stderr is used.

func (*FlagSet) String 

func (f *FlagSet) String(names []string, value string, usage string) *string

String defines a string flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a string variable that stores the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) StringVar 

func (f *FlagSet) StringVar(p *string, names []string, value string, usage string)

StringVar defines a string flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a string variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) Uint 

func (f *FlagSet) Uint(names []string, value uint, usage string) *uint

Uint defines a uint flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a uint variable that stores the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) Uint64 

func (f *FlagSet) Uint64(names []string, value uint64, usage string) *uint64

Uint64 defines a uint64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The return value is the address of a uint64 variable that stores the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) Uint64Var 

func (f *FlagSet) Uint64Var(p *uint64, names []string, value uint64, usage string)

Uint64Var defines a uint64 flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a uint64 variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) UintVar 

func (f *FlagSet) UintVar(p *uint, names []string, value uint, usage string)

UintVar defines a uint flag with specified name, default value, and usage string. The argument p points to a uint variable in which to store the value of the flag.

func (*FlagSet) Var 

func (f *FlagSet) Var(value Value, names []string, usage string)

Var defines a flag with the specified name and usage string. The type and value of the flag are represented by the first argument, of type Value, which typically holds a user-defined implementation of Value. For instance, the caller could create a flag that turns a comma-separated string into a slice of strings by giving the slice the methods of Value; in particular, Set would decompose the comma-separated string into the slice.

func (*FlagSet) Visit 

func (f *FlagSet) Visit(fn func(*Flag))

Visit visits the flags in lexicographical order, calling fn for each. It visits only those flags that have been set.

func (*FlagSet) VisitAll 

func (f *FlagSet) VisitAll(fn func(*Flag))

VisitAll visits the flags in lexicographical order, calling fn for each. It visits all flags, even those not set.

type Getter 

type Getter interface {
	Value
	Get() interface{}
}

Getter is an interface that allows the contents of a Value to be retrieved. It wraps the Value interface, rather than being part of it, because it appeared after Go 1 and its compatibility rules. All Value types provided by this package satisfy the Getter interface.

type Value 

type Value interface {
	String() string
	Set(string) error
}

Value is the interface to the dynamic value stored in a flag. (The default value is represented as a string.)

If a Value has an IsBoolFlag() bool method returning true, the command-line parser makes -name equivalent to -name=true rather than using the next command-line argument.

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