ethereum

README

Go TTC

Golang implementation of the TTC protocol.

Running test on a private network

Create Directory

$ mkdir devnet
$ cd devnet
$ mkdir node1 node2

Create user account

$ geth --datadir node1/ account new
$ geth --datadir node2/ account new

Write account info into files for run network

$ echo 'node1_address' >> account.txt
$ echo 'node2_address' >> account.txt
$ echo 'password1' >> node1/password.txt
$ echo 'password2' >> node2/password.txt

Build genesis.json file by puppeth

$ puppeth

+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Welcome to puppeth, your Ethereum private network manager |
|                                                           |
| This tool lets you create a new Ethereum network down to  |
| the genesis block, bootnodes, miners and ethstats servers |
| without the hassle that it would normally entail.         |
|                                                           |
| Puppeth uses SSH to dial in to remote servers, and builds |
| its network components out of Docker containers using the |
| docker-compose toolset.                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+

Please specify a network name to administer (no spaces or hyphens, please)
> devnet

Sweet, you can set this via --network=devnet next time!

INFO [06-04|12:33:34] Administering Ethereum network           name=devnet
WARN [06-04|12:33:34] No previous configurations found         path=/Users/tataufo/.puppeth/devnet

What would you like to do? (default = stats)
 1. Show network stats
 2. Configure new genesis
 3. Track new remote server
 4. Deploy network components
> 2

Which consensus engine to use? (default = alien)
 1. Ethash - proof-of-work
 2. Clique - proof-of-authority
 3. Alien  - delegated-proof-of-stake
> 3

How many seconds should blocks take? (default = 3)
> 4

How many blocks create for one epoch? (default = 30000)
> 30

What is the max number of signers? (default = 21)
> 3

What is the minimize balance for valid voter ? (default = 10000TTC)
> 100

How many minutes delay to create first block ? (default = 5 minutes)
> 5

Which accounts are vote by themselves to seal the block?(least one, those accounts will be auto pre-funded)
> 0xfa846876ef5ed3826e483303f42d987a66af8e15
> 0x62739566c666df9a057d7e7c92898511d4e64c07
> 0x

Which accounts should be pre-funded? (advisable at least one)
> 0x

Specify your chain/network ID if you want an explicit one (default = random)
> 
INFO [06-04|12:35:27] Configured new genesis block 

What would you like to do? (default = stats)
 1. Show network stats
 2. Manage existing genesis
 3. Track new remote server
 4. Deploy network components
> 2

 1. Modify existing fork rules
 2. Export genesis configuration
 3. Remove genesis configuration
> 2

Which file to save the genesis into? (default = devnet.json)
> genesis.json
INFO [06-04|12:35:45] Exported existing genesis block 

What would you like to do? (default = stats)
 1. Show network stats
 2. Manage existing genesis
 3. Track new remote server
 4. Deploy network components
> ^C

Initialize the node

$ geth --datadir node1/ init genesis.json
$ geth --datadir node2/ init genesis.json

Create bootnode

$ bootnode -genkey boot.key

Run bootnode

$ bootnode -nodekey boot.key -verbosity 9 -addr :30310

Run node1 and node2

$ geth --datadir node1/ --syncmode 'full' --port 30311 --rpc --rpcaddr 'localhost' --rpcport 8501 --rpcapi 'personal,db,eth,net,web3,txpool,miner,net' --bootnodes 'enode://20940eac58b9e615706ea3c357c409aecbb44998d1388db49a8df61e727f92029019708b2ad69467f94eef9a49b5d4ffb2cc1e71bb06addeb134fe8bdbc62153@127.0.0.1:30310' --networkid 1014 --gasprice '1' -unlock 'fa846876ef5ed3826e483303f42d987a66af8e15' --password node1/password.txt --mine

$ geth --datadir node2/ --syncmode 'full' --port 30312 --rpc --rpcaddr 'localhost' --rpcport 8502 --rpcapi 'personal,db,eth,net,web3,txpool,miner,net' --bootnodes 'enode://20940eac58b9e615706ea3c357c409aecbb44998d1388db49a8df61e727f92029019708b2ad69467f94eef9a49b5d4ffb2cc1e71bb06addeb134fe8bdbc62153@127.0.0.1:30310' --networkid 1014 --gasprice '1' -unlock '62739566c666df9a057d7e7c92898511d4e64c07' --password node2/password.txt --mine

Message show in Terminator

INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Maximum peer count                       ETH=25 LES=0 total=25
INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Starting peer-to-peer node               instance=Geth/v0.0.1-unstable/darwin-amd64/go1.10.1
INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/Users/tataufo/myeth/node2/geth/chaindata cache=768 handles=128
INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Initialised chain configuration          config="{ChainID: 1014 Homestead: 1 EIP150: 2 EIP155: 3 EIP158: 3 Byzantium: 4 Constantinople: <nil> Engine: alien}"
INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Initialising Ethereum protocol           versions="[63 62]" network=1014
INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Loaded most recent local header          number=0 hash=ba34cb…19036c td=1
INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Loaded most recent local full block      number=0 hash=ba34cb…19036c td=1
INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Loaded most recent local fast block      number=0 hash=ba34cb…19036c td=1
INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Regenerated local transaction journal    transactions=0 accounts=0
INFO [06-01|17:14:00] Starting P2P networking 
INFO [06-01|17:14:02] UDP listener up                          self=enode://c965ca2abf97c6f5aa02a72cdcdbd5b95d2a5321f80a86f66bfbc41586c3d7f4b21f01f9b34ad9ffb5798c697b28f0803ae640ef35f0667d4deb3de363319348@[::]:30312
INFO [06-01|17:14:02] RLPx listener up                         self=enode://c965ca2abf97c6f5aa02a72cdcdbd5b95d2a5321f80a86f66bfbc41586c3d7f4b21f01f9b34ad9ffb5798c697b28f0803ae640ef35f0667d4deb3de363319348@[::]:30312
INFO [06-01|17:14:02] IPC endpoint opened                      url=/Users/tataufo/myeth/node2/geth.ipc
INFO [06-01|17:14:02] HTTP endpoint opened                     url=http://localhost:8502               cors= vhosts=localhost
INFO [06-01|17:14:03] Unlocked account                         address=0x62739566c666Df9a057D7E7c92898511D4e64c07
INFO [06-01|17:14:03] Transaction pool price threshold updated price=1
INFO [06-01|17:14:03] Etherbase automatically configured       address=0x62739566c666Df9a057D7E7c92898511D4e64c07
INFO [06-01|17:14:03] Starting mining operation 
INFO [06-01|17:14:03] Commit new mining work                   number=1 txs=0 uncles=0 elapsed=107.751µs
INFO [06-01|17:14:03] Successfully sealed new block            number=1 hash=dde724…14a56c
INFO [06-01|17:14:03] 🔨 mined potential block                  number=1 hash=dde724…14a56c
INFO [06-01|17:14:03] Commit new mining work                   number=2 txs=0 uncles=0 elapsed=388.179µs
INFO [06-01|17:14:03] Signed recently, must wait for others 
INFO [06-01|17:14:12] Block synchronisation started 
INFO [06-01|17:14:12] Mining aborted due to sync 
INFO [06-01|17:14:12] Imported new chain segment               blocks=1 txs=0 mgas=0.000 elapsed=986.446µs mgasps=0.000 number=1 hash=d65c9c…361536 cache=0.00B
INFO [06-01|17:14:12] Starting mining operation 
INFO [06-01|17:14:12] Commit new mining work                   number=2 txs=0 uncles=1 elapsed=60.644µs
INFO [06-01|17:14:12] Successfully sealed new block            number=2 hash=3e4bc0…155c06
INFO [06-01|17:14:12] 🔨 mined potential block                  number=2 hash=3e4bc0…155c06
INFO [06-01|17:14:12] Commit new mining work                   number=3 txs=0 uncles=1 elapsed=604.414µs
INFO [06-01|17:14:12] Signed recently, must wait for others 

Vote to change the Signer node

Build a new node and Run

$ mkdir node3
$ geth --datadir node3/ account new
$ echo 'password3' >> node3/password.txt
$ geth --datadir node3/ init genesis.json
$ geth --datadir node3/ --syncmode 'full' --port 30313 --rpc --rpcaddr 'localhost' --rpcport 8503 --rpcapi 'personal,db,eth,net,web3,txpool,miner,net' --bootnodes 'enode://20940eac58b9e615706ea3c357c409aecbb44998d1388db49a8df61e727f92029019708b2ad69467f94eef9a49b5d4ffb2cc1e71bb06addeb134fe8bdbc62153@127.0.0.1:30310' --networkid 1014 --gasprice '1' -unlock '62739566c666df9a057d7e7c92898511d4e64c07' --password node3/password.txt --mine

Before vote by Signers, the message show in termintor should like

INFO [06-12|15:09:35] Imported new chain segment               blocks=1   txs=0  mgas=0.000 elapsed=361.629µs mgasps=0.000 number=1015 hash=6e83e3…c8a679 cache=1.72kB
INFO [06-12|15:09:35] Commit new mining work                   number=1016 txs=0  uncles=0 elapsed=142.422µs
WARN [06-12|15:09:35] Block sealing failed

Vote by signers

$ geth attach node1/geth.ipc console

> alien
{
  getSnapshot: function(),
  getSnapshotAtHash: function()
}
> alien.getSigners()
["0xfa846876ef5ed3826e483303f42d987a66af8e15","0x62739566c666df9a057d7e7c92898511d4e64c07"]

Two signers which create by puppeth when create the genesis.json file.

Now create propose by alien.propose, first params is the address you want to vote, second param is your opinion.

> alien.propose("0xd90a772c478863d11fa48b1a48ccd69cc45c56ce",true)


> alien.getSnapshot()
{
  hash: "0x4a21f5d21323f06242dc13964e5c91b0b328caf51b5256f14a9af90426bffe60",
  number: 3560,
  recents: {
    3559: "0xfa846876ef5ed3826e483303f42d987a66af8e15",
    3560: "0x62739566c666df9a057d7e7c92898511d4e64c07"
  },
  signers: {
    0xfa846876ef5ed3826e483303f42d987a66af8e15: {},
    0x62739566c666df9a057d7e7c92898511d4e64c07: {}
  },
  tally: {
    0xd90a772c478863d11fa48b1a48ccd69cc45c56ce: {
      authorize: true,
      votes: 1
    }
  },
  votes: [{
      address: "0xd90a772c478863d11fa48b1a48ccd69cc45c56ce",
      authorize: true,
      block: 3559,
      signer: "0x2a84f498d27805d49a92277edbe670b83036f14b"
  }]
}

When the number of vote 'YES' to the address is more the (all signer) / 2 + 1, the address can seal new block.

> alien.getSigners()
["0xfa846876ef5ed3826e483303f42d987a66af8e15","0x62739566c666df9a057d7e7c92898511d4e64c07","0xd90a772c478863d11fa48b1a48ccd69cc45c56ce"]

The new node can seal new block now!

INFO [06-12|15:21:29] Commit new mining work                   number=1118 txs=0  uncles=0 elapsed=146.143µs
INFO [06-12|15:21:36] Successfully sealed new block            number=1118 hash=da6dee…122995
INFO [06-12|15:21:36] 🔗 block reached canonical chain          number=1113 hash=877129…a96eed
INFO [06-12|15:21:36] 🔨 mined potential block                  number=1118 hash=da6dee…122995

Documentation

Overview

Package ethereum defines interfaces for interacting with Ethereum.

Index

• Variables
• type CallMsg
• type ChainReader
• type ChainStateReader
• type ChainSyncReader
• type ContractCaller
• type FilterQuery
• type GasEstimator
• type GasPricer
• type LogFilterer
• type PendingContractCaller
• type PendingStateEventer
• type PendingStateReader
• type Subscription
• type SyncProgress
• type TransactionReader
• type TransactionSender

Variables

var NotFound = errors.New("not found")

NotFound is returned by API methods if the requested item does not exist.

Types

type CallMsg

type CallMsg struct {
	From     common.Address  // the sender of the 'transaction'
	To       *common.Address // the destination contract (nil for contract creation)
	Gas      uint64          // if 0, the call executes with near-infinite gas
	GasPrice *big.Int        // wei <-> gas exchange ratio
	Value    *big.Int        // amount of wei sent along with the call
	Data     []byte          // input data, usually an ABI-encoded contract method invocation
}

CallMsg contains parameters for contract calls.

type ChainReader

type ChainReader interface {
	BlockByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Block, error)
	BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, number *big.Int) (*types.Block, error)
	HeaderByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Header, error)
	HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, number *big.Int) (*types.Header, error)
	TransactionCount(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash) (uint, error)
	TransactionInBlock(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash, index uint) (*types.Transaction, error)

	// This method subscribes to notifications about changes of the head block of
	// the canonical chain.
	SubscribeNewHead(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- *types.Header) (Subscription, error)
}

ChainReader provides access to the blockchain. The methods in this interface access raw data from either the canonical chain (when requesting by block number) or any blockchain fork that was previously downloaded and processed by the node. The block number argument can be nil to select the latest canonical block. Reading block headers should be preferred over full blocks whenever possible.

The returned error is NotFound if the requested item does not exist.

type ChainStateReader

type ChainStateReader interface {
	BalanceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) (*big.Int, error)
	StorageAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, key common.Hash, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error)
	CodeAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error)
	NonceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) (uint64, error)
}

ChainStateReader wraps access to the state trie of the canonical blockchain. Note that implementations of the interface may be unable to return state values for old blocks. In many cases, using CallContract can be preferable to reading raw contract storage.

type ChainSyncReader

type ChainSyncReader interface {
	SyncProgress(ctx context.Context) (*SyncProgress, error)
}

ChainSyncReader wraps access to the node's current sync status. If there's no sync currently running, it returns nil.

type ContractCaller

type ContractCaller interface {
	CallContract(ctx context.Context, call CallMsg, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error)
}

A ContractCaller provides contract calls, essentially transactions that are executed by the EVM but not mined into the blockchain. ContractCall is a low-level method to execute such calls. For applications which are structured around specific contracts, the abigen tool provides a nicer, properly typed way to perform calls.

type FilterQuery

type FilterQuery struct {
	FromBlock *big.Int         // beginning of the queried range, nil means genesis block
	ToBlock   *big.Int         // end of the range, nil means latest block
	Addresses []common.Address // restricts matches to events created by specific contracts

	// The Topic list restricts matches to particular event topics. Each event has a list
	// of topics. Topics matches a prefix of that list. An empty element slice matches any
	// topic. Non-empty elements represent an alternative that matches any of the
	// contained topics.
	//
	// Examples:
	// {} or nil          matches any topic list
	// {{A}}              matches topic A in first position
	// {{}, {B}}          matches any topic in first position, B in second position
	// {{A}}, {B}}        matches topic A in first position, B in second position
	// {{A, B}}, {C, D}}  matches topic (A OR B) in first position, (C OR D) in second position
	Topics [][]common.Hash
}

FilterQuery contains options for contract log filtering.

type GasEstimator

type GasEstimator interface {
	EstimateGas(ctx context.Context, call CallMsg) (uint64, error)
}

GasEstimator wraps EstimateGas, which tries to estimate the gas needed to execute a specific transaction based on the pending state. There is no guarantee that this is the true gas limit requirement as other transactions may be added or removed by miners, but it should provide a basis for setting a reasonable default.

type GasPricer

type GasPricer interface {
	SuggestGasPrice(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error)
}

GasPricer wraps the gas price oracle, which monitors the blockchain to determine the optimal gas price given current fee market conditions.

type LogFilterer

type LogFilterer interface {
	FilterLogs(ctx context.Context, q FilterQuery) ([]types.Log, error)
	SubscribeFilterLogs(ctx context.Context, q FilterQuery, ch chan<- types.Log) (Subscription, error)
}

LogFilterer provides access to contract log events using a one-off query or continuous event subscription.

Logs received through a streaming query subscription may have Removed set to true, indicating that the log was reverted due to a chain reorganisation.

type PendingContractCaller

type PendingContractCaller interface {
	PendingCallContract(ctx context.Context, call CallMsg) ([]byte, error)
}

PendingContractCaller can be used to perform calls against the pending state.

type PendingStateEventer

type PendingStateEventer interface {
	SubscribePendingTransactions(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- *types.Transaction) (Subscription, error)
}

A PendingStateEventer provides access to real time notifications about changes to the pending state.

type PendingStateReader

type PendingStateReader interface {
	PendingBalanceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) (*big.Int, error)
	PendingStorageAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, key common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
	PendingCodeAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) ([]byte, error)
	PendingNonceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) (uint64, error)
	PendingTransactionCount(ctx context.Context) (uint, error)
}

A PendingStateReader provides access to the pending state, which is the result of all known executable transactions which have not yet been included in the blockchain. It is commonly used to display the result of ’unconfirmed’ actions (e.g. wallet value transfers) initiated by the user. The PendingNonceAt operation is a good way to retrieve the next available transaction nonce for a specific account.

type Subscription

type Subscription interface {
	// Unsubscribe cancels the sending of events to the data channel
	// and closes the error channel.
	Unsubscribe()
	// Err returns the subscription error channel. The error channel receives
	// a value if there is an issue with the subscription (e.g. the network connection
	// delivering the events has been closed). Only one value will ever be sent.
	// The error channel is closed by Unsubscribe.
	Err() <-chan error
}

Subscription represents an event subscription where events are delivered on a data channel.

type SyncProgress

type SyncProgress struct {
	StartingBlock uint64 // Block number where sync began
	CurrentBlock  uint64 // Current block number where sync is at
	HighestBlock  uint64 // Highest alleged block number in the chain
	PulledStates  uint64 // Number of state trie entries already downloaded
	KnownStates   uint64 // Total number of state trie entries known about
}

SyncProgress gives progress indications when the node is synchronising with the Ethereum network.

type TransactionReader

type TransactionReader interface {
	// TransactionByHash checks the pool of pending transactions in addition to the
	// blockchain. The isPending return value indicates whether the transaction has been
	// mined yet. Note that the transaction may not be part of the canonical chain even if
	// it's not pending.
	TransactionByHash(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (tx *types.Transaction, isPending bool, err error)
	// TransactionReceipt returns the receipt of a mined transaction. Note that the
	// transaction may not be included in the current canonical chain even if a receipt
	// exists.
	TransactionReceipt(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (*types.Receipt, error)
}

TransactionReader provides access to past transactions and their receipts. Implementations may impose arbitrary restrictions on the transactions and receipts that can be retrieved. Historic transactions may not be available.

Avoid relying on this interface if possible. Contract logs (through the LogFilterer interface) are more reliable and usually safer in the presence of chain reorganisations.

The returned error is NotFound if the requested item does not exist.

type TransactionSender

type TransactionSender interface {
	SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transaction) error
}

TransactionSender wraps transaction sending. The SendTransaction method injects a signed transaction into the pending transaction pool for execution. If the transaction was a contract creation, the TransactionReceipt method can be used to retrieve the contract address after the transaction has been mined.

The transaction must be signed and have a valid nonce to be included. Consumers of the API can use package accounts to maintain local private keys and need can retrieve the next available nonce using PendingNonceAt.