cobra

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 Go to latest Published: Jun 1, 2024 License: Apache-2.0 Imports: 17 Imported by: 150,113

README

cobra logo

Cobra is a library for creating powerful modern CLI applications.

Cobra is used in many Go projects such as Kubernetes, Hugo, and GitHub CLI to name a few. This list contains a more extensive list of projects using Cobra.

Go Reference Go Report Card Slack

Overview

Cobra is a library providing a simple interface to create powerful modern CLI interfaces similar to git & go tools.

Cobra provides:

  • Easy subcommand-based CLIs: app server, app fetch, etc.
  • Fully POSIX-compliant flags (including short & long versions)
  • Nested subcommands
  • Global, local and cascading flags
  • Intelligent suggestions (app srver... did you mean app server?)
  • Automatic help generation for commands and flags
  • Grouping help for subcommands
  • Automatic help flag recognition of -h, --help, etc.
  • Automatically generated shell autocomplete for your application (bash, zsh, fish, powershell)
  • Automatically generated man pages for your application
  • Command aliases so you can change things without breaking them
  • The flexibility to define your own help, usage, etc.
  • Optional seamless integration with viper for 12-factor apps

Concepts

Cobra is built on a structure of commands, arguments & flags.

Commands represent actions, Args are things and Flags are modifiers for those actions.

The best applications read like sentences when used, and as a result, users intuitively know how to interact with them.

The pattern to follow is APPNAME VERB NOUN --ADJECTIVE or APPNAME COMMAND ARG --FLAG.

A few good real world examples may better illustrate this point.

In the following example, 'server' is a command, and 'port' is a flag:

hugo server --port=1313

In this command we are telling Git to clone the url bare.

git clone URL --bare

Commands

Command is the central point of the application. Each interaction that the application supports will be contained in a Command. A command can have children commands and optionally run an action.

In the example above, 'server' is the command.

More about cobra.Command

Flags

A flag is a way to modify the behavior of a command. Cobra supports fully POSIX-compliant flags as well as the Go flag package. A Cobra command can define flags that persist through to children commands and flags that are only available to that command.

In the example above, 'port' is the flag.

Flag functionality is provided by the pflag library, a fork of the flag standard library which maintains the same interface while adding POSIX compliance.

Installing

Using Cobra is easy. First, use go get to install the latest version of the library.

go get -u github.com/spf13/cobra@latest

Next, include Cobra in your application:

import "github.com/spf13/cobra"

Usage

cobra-cli is a command line program to generate cobra applications and command files. It will bootstrap your application scaffolding to rapidly develop a Cobra-based application. It is the easiest way to incorporate Cobra into your application.

It can be installed by running:

go install github.com/spf13/cobra-cli@latest

For complete details on using the Cobra-CLI generator, please read The Cobra Generator README

For complete details on using the Cobra library, please read the The Cobra User Guide.

License

Cobra is released under the Apache 2.0 license. See LICENSE.txt

Documentation

Overview

Package cobra is a commander providing a simple interface to create powerful modern CLI interfaces. In addition to providing an interface, Cobra simultaneously provides a controller to organize your application code.

Index

Constants

View Source 
const (
	BashCompFilenameExt     = "cobra_annotation_bash_completion_filename_extensions"
	BashCompCustom          = "cobra_annotation_bash_completion_custom"
	BashCompOneRequiredFlag = "cobra_annotation_bash_completion_one_required_flag"
	BashCompSubdirsInDir    = "cobra_annotation_bash_completion_subdirs_in_dir"
)

Annotations for Bash completion.

View Source 
const (
	FlagSetByCobraAnnotation     = "cobra_annotation_flag_set_by_cobra"
	CommandDisplayNameAnnotation = "cobra_annotation_command_display_name"
)
View Source 
const (
	// ShellCompRequestCmd is the name of the hidden command that is used to request
	// completion results from the program.  It is used by the shell completion scripts.
	ShellCompRequestCmd = "__complete"
	// ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd is the name of the hidden command that is used to request
	// completion results without their description.  It is used by the shell completion scripts.
	ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd = "__completeNoDesc"
)

Variables

View Source 
var EnableCaseInsensitive = defaultCaseInsensitive

EnableCaseInsensitive allows case-insensitive commands names. (case sensitive by default)

View Source 
var EnableCommandSorting = defaultCommandSorting

EnableCommandSorting controls sorting of the slice of commands, which is turned on by default. To disable sorting, set it to false.

View Source 
var EnablePrefixMatching = defaultPrefixMatching

EnablePrefixMatching allows setting automatic prefix matching. Automatic prefix matching can be a dangerous thing to automatically enable in CLI tools. Set this to true to enable it.

View Source 
var EnableTraverseRunHooks = defaultTraverseRunHooks

EnableTraverseRunHooks executes persistent pre-run and post-run hooks from all parents. By default this is disabled, which means only the first run hook to be found is executed.

View Source 
var MousetrapDisplayDuration = 5 * time.Second

MousetrapDisplayDuration controls how long the MousetrapHelpText message is displayed on Windows if the CLI is started from explorer.exe. Set to 0 to wait for the return key to be pressed. To disable the mousetrap, just set MousetrapHelpText to blank string (""). Works only on Microsoft Windows.

View Source 
var MousetrapHelpText = `This is a command line tool.

You need to open cmd.exe and run it from there.
`

MousetrapHelpText enables an information splash screen on Windows if the CLI is started from explorer.exe. To disable the mousetrap, just set this variable to blank string (""). Works only on Microsoft Windows.

Functions

func AddTemplateFunc 

func AddTemplateFunc(name string, tmplFunc interface{})

AddTemplateFunc adds a template function that's available to Usage and Help template generation.

func AddTemplateFuncs 

func AddTemplateFuncs(tmplFuncs template.FuncMap)

AddTemplateFuncs adds multiple template functions that are available to Usage and Help template generation.

func AppendActiveHelp added in v1.5.0 

func AppendActiveHelp(compArray []string, activeHelpStr string) []string

AppendActiveHelp adds the specified string to the specified array to be used as ActiveHelp. Such strings will be processed by the completion script and will be shown as ActiveHelp to the user. The array parameter should be the array that will contain the completions. This function can be called multiple times before and/or after completions are added to the array. Each time this function is called with the same array, the new ActiveHelp line will be shown below the previous ones when completion is triggered.

func ArbitraryArgs 

func ArbitraryArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error

ArbitraryArgs never returns an error.

func CheckErr added in v1.1.2 

func CheckErr(msg interface{})

CheckErr prints the msg with the prefix 'Error:' and exits with error code 1. If the msg is nil, it does nothing.

func CompDebug added in v1.0.0 

func CompDebug(msg string, printToStdErr bool)

CompDebug prints the specified string to the same file as where the completion script prints its logs. Note that completion printouts should never be on stdout as they would be wrongly interpreted as actual completion choices by the completion script.

func CompDebugln added in v1.0.0 

func CompDebugln(msg string, printToStdErr bool)

CompDebugln prints the specified string with a newline at the end to the same file as where the completion script prints its logs. Such logs are only printed when the user has set the environment variable BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE to the path of some file to be used.

func CompError added in v1.0.0 

func CompError(msg string)

CompError prints the specified completion message to stderr.

func CompErrorln added in v1.0.0 

func CompErrorln(msg string)

CompErrorln prints the specified completion message to stderr with a newline at the end.

func Eq 

func Eq(a interface{}, b interface{}) bool

Eq takes two types and checks whether they are equal. Supported types are int and string. Unsupported types will panic.

func FixedCompletions added in v1.5.0 

func FixedCompletions(choices []string, directive ShellCompDirective) func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective)

FixedCompletions can be used to create a completion function which always returns the same results.

func GetActiveHelpConfig added in v1.5.0 

func GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd *Command) string

GetActiveHelpConfig returns the value of the ActiveHelp environment variable <PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP where <PROGRAM> is the name of the root command in upper case, with all non-ASCII-alphanumeric characters replaced by `_`. It will always return "0" if the global environment variable COBRA_ACTIVE_HELP is set to "0".

func Gt 

func Gt(a interface{}, b interface{}) bool

Gt takes two types and checks whether the first type is greater than the second. In case of types Arrays, Chans, Maps and Slices, Gt will compare their lengths. Ints are compared directly while strings are first parsed as ints and then compared.

func MarkFlagCustom 

func MarkFlagCustom(flags *pflag.FlagSet, name string, f string) error

MarkFlagCustom adds the BashCompCustom annotation to the named flag, if it exists. The bash completion script will call the bash function f for the flag.

This will only work for bash completion. It is recommended to instead use c.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(...) which allows to register a Go function which will work across all shells.

func MarkFlagDirname added in v0.0.5 

func MarkFlagDirname(flags *pflag.FlagSet, name string) error

MarkFlagDirname instructs the various shell completion implementations to limit completions for the named flag to directory names.

func MarkFlagFilename 

func MarkFlagFilename(flags *pflag.FlagSet, name string, extensions ...string) error

MarkFlagFilename instructs the various shell completion implementations to limit completions for the named flag to the specified file extensions.

func MarkFlagRequired 

func MarkFlagRequired(flags *pflag.FlagSet, name string) error

MarkFlagRequired instructs the various shell completion implementations to prioritize the named flag when performing completion, and causes your command to report an error if invoked without the flag.

func NoArgs 

func NoArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error

NoArgs returns an error if any args are included.

func OnFinalize added in v1.6.0 

func OnFinalize(y ...func())

OnFinalize sets the passed functions to be run when each command's Execute method is terminated.

func OnInitialize 

func OnInitialize(y ...func())

OnInitialize sets the passed functions to be run when each command's Execute method is called.

func OnlyValidArgs 

func OnlyValidArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error

OnlyValidArgs returns an error if there are any positional args that are not in the `ValidArgs` field of `Command`

func WriteStringAndCheck added in v1.1.2 

func WriteStringAndCheck(b io.StringWriter, s string)

WriteStringAndCheck writes a string into a buffer, and checks if the error is not nil.

Types

type Command 

type Command struct {
	// Use is the one-line usage message.
	// Recommended syntax is as follows:
	//   [ ] identifies an optional argument. Arguments that are not enclosed in brackets are required.
	//   ... indicates that you can specify multiple values for the previous argument.
	//   |   indicates mutually exclusive information. You can use the argument to the left of the separator or the
	//       argument to the right of the separator. You cannot use both arguments in a single use of the command.
	//   { } delimits a set of mutually exclusive arguments when one of the arguments is required. If the arguments are
	//       optional, they are enclosed in brackets ([ ]).
	// Example: add [-F file | -D dir]... [-f format] profile
	Use string

	// Aliases is an array of aliases that can be used instead of the first word in Use.
	Aliases []string

	// SuggestFor is an array of command names for which this command will be suggested -
	// similar to aliases but only suggests.
	SuggestFor []string

	// Short is the short description shown in the 'help' output.
	Short string

	// The group id under which this subcommand is grouped in the 'help' output of its parent.
	GroupID string

	// Long is the long message shown in the 'help <this-command>' output.
	Long string

	// Example is examples of how to use the command.
	Example string

	// ValidArgs is list of all valid non-flag arguments that are accepted in shell completions
	ValidArgs []string
	// ValidArgsFunction is an optional function that provides valid non-flag arguments for shell completion.
	// It is a dynamic version of using ValidArgs.
	// Only one of ValidArgs and ValidArgsFunction can be used for a command.
	ValidArgsFunction func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective)

	// Expected arguments
	Args PositionalArgs

	// ArgAliases is List of aliases for ValidArgs.
	// These are not suggested to the user in the shell completion,
	// but accepted if entered manually.
	ArgAliases []string

	// BashCompletionFunction is custom bash functions used by the legacy bash autocompletion generator.
	// For portability with other shells, it is recommended to instead use ValidArgsFunction
	BashCompletionFunction string

	// Deprecated defines, if this command is deprecated and should print this string when used.
	Deprecated string

	// Annotations are key/value pairs that can be used by applications to identify or
	// group commands or set special options.
	Annotations map[string]string

	// Version defines the version for this command. If this value is non-empty and the command does not
	// define a "version" flag, a "version" boolean flag will be added to the command and, if specified,
	// will print content of the "Version" variable. A shorthand "v" flag will also be added if the
	// command does not define one.
	Version string

	// The *Run functions are executed in the following order:
	//   * PersistentPreRun()
	//   * PreRun()
	//   * Run()
	//   * PostRun()
	//   * PersistentPostRun()
	// All functions get the same args, the arguments after the command name.
	// The *PreRun and *PostRun functions will only be executed if the Run function of the current
	// command has been declared.
	//
	// PersistentPreRun: children of this command will inherit and execute.
	PersistentPreRun func(cmd *Command, args []string)
	// PersistentPreRunE: PersistentPreRun but returns an error.
	PersistentPreRunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
	// PreRun: children of this command will not inherit.
	PreRun func(cmd *Command, args []string)
	// PreRunE: PreRun but returns an error.
	PreRunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
	// Run: Typically the actual work function. Most commands will only implement this.
	Run func(cmd *Command, args []string)
	// RunE: Run but returns an error.
	RunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
	// PostRun: run after the Run command.
	PostRun func(cmd *Command, args []string)
	// PostRunE: PostRun but returns an error.
	PostRunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
	// PersistentPostRun: children of this command will inherit and execute after PostRun.
	PersistentPostRun func(cmd *Command, args []string)
	// PersistentPostRunE: PersistentPostRun but returns an error.
	PersistentPostRunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error

	// FParseErrWhitelist flag parse errors to be ignored
	FParseErrWhitelist FParseErrWhitelist

	// CompletionOptions is a set of options to control the handling of shell completion
	CompletionOptions CompletionOptions

	// TraverseChildren parses flags on all parents before executing child command.
	TraverseChildren bool

	// Hidden defines, if this command is hidden and should NOT show up in the list of available commands.
	Hidden bool

	// SilenceErrors is an option to quiet errors down stream.
	SilenceErrors bool

	// SilenceUsage is an option to silence usage when an error occurs.
	SilenceUsage bool

	// DisableFlagParsing disables the flag parsing.
	// If this is true all flags will be passed to the command as arguments.
	DisableFlagParsing bool

	// DisableAutoGenTag defines, if gen tag ("Auto generated by spf13/cobra...")
	// will be printed by generating docs for this command.
	DisableAutoGenTag bool

	// DisableFlagsInUseLine will disable the addition of [flags] to the usage
	// line of a command when printing help or generating docs
	DisableFlagsInUseLine bool

	// DisableSuggestions disables the suggestions based on Levenshtein distance
	// that go along with 'unknown command' messages.
	DisableSuggestions bool

	// SuggestionsMinimumDistance defines minimum levenshtein distance to display suggestions.
	// Must be > 0.
	SuggestionsMinimumDistance int
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Command is just that, a command for your application. E.g. 'go run ...' - 'run' is the command. Cobra requires you to define the usage and description as part of your command definition to ensure usability.

func (*Command) AddCommand 

func (c *Command) AddCommand(cmds ...*Command)

AddCommand adds one or more commands to this parent command.

func (*Command) AddGroup added in v1.6.0 

func (c *Command) AddGroup(groups ...*Group)

AddGroup adds one or more command groups to this parent command.

func (*Command) AllChildCommandsHaveGroup added in v1.6.0 

func (c *Command) AllChildCommandsHaveGroup() bool

AllChildCommandsHaveGroup returns if all subcommands are assigned to a group

func (*Command) ArgsLenAtDash 

func (c *Command) ArgsLenAtDash() int

ArgsLenAtDash will return the length of c.Flags().Args at the moment when a -- was found during args parsing.

func (*Command) CalledAs added in v0.0.2 

func (c *Command) CalledAs() string

CalledAs returns the command name or alias that was used to invoke this command or an empty string if the command has not been called.

func (*Command) CommandPath 

func (c *Command) CommandPath() string

CommandPath returns the full path to this command.

func (*Command) CommandPathPadding 

func (c *Command) CommandPathPadding() int

CommandPathPadding return padding for the command path.

func (*Command) Commands 

func (c *Command) Commands() []*Command

Commands returns a sorted slice of child commands.

func (*Command) ContainsGroup added in v1.6.0 

func (c *Command) ContainsGroup(groupID string) bool

ContainsGroup return if groupID exists in the list of command groups.

func (*Command) Context added in v0.0.6 

func (c *Command) Context() context.Context

Context returns underlying command context. If command was executed with ExecuteContext or the context was set with SetContext, the previously set context will be returned. Otherwise, nil is returned.

Notice that a call to Execute and ExecuteC will replace a nil context of a command with a context.Background, so a background context will be returned by Context after one of these functions has been called.

func (*Command) DebugFlags 

func (c *Command) DebugFlags()

DebugFlags used to determine which flags have been assigned to which commands and which persist.

func (*Command) ErrOrStderr added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) ErrOrStderr() io.Writer

ErrOrStderr returns output to stderr

func (*Command) ErrPrefix added in v1.8.0 

func (c *Command) ErrPrefix() string

ErrPrefix return error message prefix for the command

func (*Command) Execute 

func (c *Command) Execute() error

Execute uses the args (os.Args[1:] by default) and run through the command tree finding appropriate matches for commands and then corresponding flags.

func (*Command) ExecuteC 

func (c *Command) ExecuteC() (cmd *Command, err error)

ExecuteC executes the command.

func (*Command) ExecuteContext added in v0.0.6 

func (c *Command) ExecuteContext(ctx context.Context) error

ExecuteContext is the same as Execute(), but sets the ctx on the command. Retrieve ctx by calling cmd.Context() inside your *Run lifecycle or ValidArgs functions.

func (*Command) ExecuteContextC added in v1.2.0 

func (c *Command) ExecuteContextC(ctx context.Context) (*Command, error)

ExecuteContextC is the same as ExecuteC(), but sets the ctx on the command. Retrieve ctx by calling cmd.Context() inside your *Run lifecycle or ValidArgs functions.

func (*Command) Find 

func (c *Command) Find(args []string) (*Command, []string, error)

Find the target command given the args and command tree Meant to be run on the highest node. Only searches down.

func (*Command) Flag 

func (c *Command) Flag(name string) (flag *flag.Flag)

Flag climbs up the command tree looking for matching flag.

func (*Command) FlagErrorFunc 

func (c *Command) FlagErrorFunc() (f func(*Command, error) error)

FlagErrorFunc returns either the function set by SetFlagErrorFunc for this command or a parent, or it returns a function which returns the original error.

func (*Command) Flags 

func (c *Command) Flags() *flag.FlagSet

Flags returns the complete FlagSet that applies to this command (local and persistent declared here and by all parents).

func (*Command) GenBashCompletion 

func (c *Command) GenBashCompletion(w io.Writer) error

GenBashCompletion generates bash completion file and writes to the passed writer.

func (*Command) GenBashCompletionFile 

func (c *Command) GenBashCompletionFile(filename string) error

GenBashCompletionFile generates bash completion file.

func (*Command) GenBashCompletionFileV2 added in v1.2.0 

func (c *Command) GenBashCompletionFileV2(filename string, includeDesc bool) error

GenBashCompletionFileV2 generates Bash completion version 2.

func (*Command) GenBashCompletionV2 added in v1.2.0 

func (c *Command) GenBashCompletionV2(w io.Writer, includeDesc bool) error

GenBashCompletionV2 generates Bash completion file version 2 and writes it to the passed writer.

func (*Command) GenFishCompletion added in v1.0.0 

func (c *Command) GenFishCompletion(w io.Writer, includeDesc bool) error

GenFishCompletion generates fish completion file and writes to the passed writer.

func (*Command) GenFishCompletionFile added in v1.0.0 

func (c *Command) GenFishCompletionFile(filename string, includeDesc bool) error

GenFishCompletionFile generates fish completion file.

func (*Command) GenPowerShellCompletion added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) GenPowerShellCompletion(w io.Writer) error

GenPowerShellCompletion generates powershell completion file without descriptions and writes it to the passed writer.

func (*Command) GenPowerShellCompletionFile added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) GenPowerShellCompletionFile(filename string) error

GenPowerShellCompletionFile generates powershell completion file without descriptions.

func (*Command) GenPowerShellCompletionFileWithDesc added in v1.1.2 

func (c *Command) GenPowerShellCompletionFileWithDesc(filename string) error

GenPowerShellCompletionFileWithDesc generates powershell completion file with descriptions.

func (*Command) GenPowerShellCompletionWithDesc added in v1.1.2 

func (c *Command) GenPowerShellCompletionWithDesc(w io.Writer) error

GenPowerShellCompletionWithDesc generates powershell completion file with descriptions and writes it to the passed writer.

func (*Command) GenZshCompletion 

func (c *Command) GenZshCompletion(w io.Writer) error

GenZshCompletion generates zsh completion file including descriptions and writes it to the passed writer.

func (*Command) GenZshCompletionFile 

func (c *Command) GenZshCompletionFile(filename string) error

GenZshCompletionFile generates zsh completion file including descriptions.

func (*Command) GenZshCompletionFileNoDesc added in v1.1.0 

func (c *Command) GenZshCompletionFileNoDesc(filename string) error

GenZshCompletionFileNoDesc generates zsh completion file without descriptions.

func (*Command) GenZshCompletionNoDesc added in v1.1.0 

func (c *Command) GenZshCompletionNoDesc(w io.Writer) error

GenZshCompletionNoDesc generates zsh completion file without descriptions and writes it to the passed writer.

func (*Command) GetFlagCompletionFunc added in v1.8.0 

func (c *Command) GetFlagCompletionFunc(flagName string) (func(*Command, []string, string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective), bool)

GetFlagCompletionFunc returns the completion function for the given flag of the command, if available.

func (*Command) GlobalNormalizationFunc 

func (c *Command) GlobalNormalizationFunc() func(f *flag.FlagSet, name string) flag.NormalizedName

GlobalNormalizationFunc returns the global normalization function or nil if it doesn't exist.

func (*Command) Groups added in v1.6.0 

func (c *Command) Groups() []*Group

Groups returns a slice of child command groups.

func (*Command) HasAlias 

func (c *Command) HasAlias(s string) bool

HasAlias determines if a given string is an alias of the command.

func (*Command) HasAvailableFlags 

func (c *Command) HasAvailableFlags() bool

HasAvailableFlags checks if the command contains any flags (local plus persistent from the entire structure) which are not hidden or deprecated.

func (*Command) HasAvailableInheritedFlags 

func (c *Command) HasAvailableInheritedFlags() bool

HasAvailableInheritedFlags checks if the command has flags inherited from its parent command which are not hidden or deprecated.

func (*Command) HasAvailableLocalFlags 

func (c *Command) HasAvailableLocalFlags() bool

HasAvailableLocalFlags checks if the command has flags specifically declared locally which are not hidden or deprecated.

func (*Command) HasAvailablePersistentFlags 

func (c *Command) HasAvailablePersistentFlags() bool

HasAvailablePersistentFlags checks if the command contains persistent flags which are not hidden or deprecated.

func (*Command) HasAvailableSubCommands 

func (c *Command) HasAvailableSubCommands() bool

HasAvailableSubCommands determines if a command has available sub commands that need to be shown in the usage/help default template under 'available commands'.

func (*Command) HasExample 

func (c *Command) HasExample() bool

HasExample determines if the command has example.

func (*Command) HasFlags 

func (c *Command) HasFlags() bool

HasFlags checks if the command contains any flags (local plus persistent from the entire structure).

func (*Command) HasHelpSubCommands 

func (c *Command) HasHelpSubCommands() bool

HasHelpSubCommands determines if a command has any available 'help' sub commands that need to be shown in the usage/help default template under 'additional help topics'.

func (*Command) HasInheritedFlags 

func (c *Command) HasInheritedFlags() bool

HasInheritedFlags checks if the command has flags inherited from its parent command.

func (*Command) HasLocalFlags 

func (c *Command) HasLocalFlags() bool

HasLocalFlags checks if the command has flags specifically declared locally.

func (*Command) HasParent 

func (c *Command) HasParent() bool

HasParent determines if the command is a child command.

func (*Command) HasPersistentFlags 

func (c *Command) HasPersistentFlags() bool

HasPersistentFlags checks if the command contains persistent flags.

func (*Command) HasSubCommands 

func (c *Command) HasSubCommands() bool

HasSubCommands determines if the command has children commands.

func (*Command) Help 

func (c *Command) Help() error

Help puts out the help for the command. Used when a user calls help [command]. Can be defined by user by overriding HelpFunc.

func (*Command) HelpFunc 

func (c *Command) HelpFunc() func(*Command, []string)

HelpFunc returns either the function set by SetHelpFunc for this command or a parent, or it returns a function with default help behavior.

func (*Command) HelpTemplate 

func (c *Command) HelpTemplate() string

HelpTemplate return help template for the command.

func (*Command) InOrStdin added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) InOrStdin() io.Reader

InOrStdin returns input to stdin

func (*Command) InheritedFlags 

func (c *Command) InheritedFlags() *flag.FlagSet

InheritedFlags returns all flags which were inherited from parent commands. This function does not modify the flags of the current command, it's purpose is to return the current state.

func (*Command) InitDefaultCompletionCmd added in v1.6.0 

func (c *Command) InitDefaultCompletionCmd()

InitDefaultCompletionCmd adds a default 'completion' command to c. This function will do nothing if any of the following is true: 1- the feature has been explicitly disabled by the program, 2- c has no subcommands (to avoid creating one), 3- c already has a 'completion' command provided by the program.

func (*Command) InitDefaultHelpCmd 

func (c *Command) InitDefaultHelpCmd()

InitDefaultHelpCmd adds default help command to c. It is called automatically by executing the c or by calling help and usage. If c already has help command or c has no subcommands, it will do nothing.

func (*Command) InitDefaultHelpFlag 

func (c *Command) InitDefaultHelpFlag()

InitDefaultHelpFlag adds default help flag to c. It is called automatically by executing the c or by calling help and usage. If c already has help flag, it will do nothing.

func (*Command) InitDefaultVersionFlag added in v0.0.2 

func (c *Command) InitDefaultVersionFlag()

InitDefaultVersionFlag adds default version flag to c. It is called automatically by executing the c. If c already has a version flag, it will do nothing. If c.Version is empty, it will do nothing.

func (*Command) IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand 

func (c *Command) IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() bool

IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand determines if a command is an additional help topic command; additional help topic command is determined by the fact that it is NOT runnable/hidden/deprecated, and has no sub commands that are runnable/hidden/deprecated. Concrete example: https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/393#issuecomment-282741924.

func (*Command) IsAvailableCommand 

func (c *Command) IsAvailableCommand() bool

IsAvailableCommand determines if a command is available as a non-help command (this includes all non deprecated/hidden commands).

func (*Command) LocalFlags 

func (c *Command) LocalFlags() *flag.FlagSet

LocalFlags returns the local FlagSet specifically set in the current command. This function does not modify the flags of the current command, it's purpose is to return the current state.

func (*Command) LocalNonPersistentFlags 

func (c *Command) LocalNonPersistentFlags() *flag.FlagSet

LocalNonPersistentFlags are flags specific to this command which will NOT persist to subcommands. This function does not modify the flags of the current command, it's purpose is to return the current state.

func (*Command) MarkFlagCustom 

func (c *Command) MarkFlagCustom(name string, f string) error

MarkFlagCustom adds the BashCompCustom annotation to the named flag, if it exists. The bash completion script will call the bash function f for the flag.

This will only work for bash completion. It is recommended to instead use c.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(...) which allows to register a Go function which will work across all shells.

func (*Command) MarkFlagDirname added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) MarkFlagDirname(name string) error

MarkFlagDirname instructs the various shell completion implementations to limit completions for the named flag to directory names.

func (*Command) MarkFlagFilename 

func (c *Command) MarkFlagFilename(name string, extensions ...string) error

MarkFlagFilename instructs the various shell completion implementations to limit completions for the named flag to the specified file extensions.

func (*Command) MarkFlagRequired 

func (c *Command) MarkFlagRequired(name string) error

MarkFlagRequired instructs the various shell completion implementations to prioritize the named flag when performing completion, and causes your command to report an error if invoked without the flag.

func (*Command) MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive added in v1.5.0 

func (c *Command) MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive(flagNames ...string)

MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive marks the given flags with annotations so that Cobra errors if the command is invoked with more than one flag from the given set of flags.

func (*Command) MarkFlagsOneRequired added in v1.8.0 

func (c *Command) MarkFlagsOneRequired(flagNames ...string)

MarkFlagsOneRequired marks the given flags with annotations so that Cobra errors if the command is invoked without at least one flag from the given set of flags.

func (*Command) MarkFlagsRequiredTogether added in v1.5.0 

func (c *Command) MarkFlagsRequiredTogether(flagNames ...string)

MarkFlagsRequiredTogether marks the given flags with annotations so that Cobra errors if the command is invoked with a subset (but not all) of the given flags.

func (*Command) MarkPersistentFlagDirname added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) MarkPersistentFlagDirname(name string) error

MarkPersistentFlagDirname instructs the various shell completion implementations to limit completions for the named persistent flag to directory names.

func (*Command) MarkPersistentFlagFilename 

func (c *Command) MarkPersistentFlagFilename(name string, extensions ...string) error

MarkPersistentFlagFilename instructs the various shell completion implementations to limit completions for the named persistent flag to the specified file extensions.

func (*Command) MarkPersistentFlagRequired 

func (c *Command) MarkPersistentFlagRequired(name string) error

MarkPersistentFlagRequired instructs the various shell completion implementations to prioritize the named persistent flag when performing completion, and causes your command to report an error if invoked without the flag.

func (*Command) MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile(argPosition int, patterns ...string) error

MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile only worked for zsh and its behavior was not consistent with Bash completion. It has therefore been disabled. Instead, when no other completion is specified, file completion is done by default for every argument. One can disable file completion on a per-argument basis by using ValidArgsFunction and ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp. To achieve file extension filtering, one can use ValidArgsFunction and ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt.

Deprecated

func (*Command) MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentWords added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentWords(argPosition int, words ...string) error

MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentWords only worked for zsh. It has therefore been disabled. To achieve the same behavior across all shells, one can use ValidArgs (for the first argument only) or ValidArgsFunction for any argument (can include the first one also).

Deprecated

func (*Command) Name 

func (c *Command) Name() string

Name returns the command's name: the first word in the use line.

func (*Command) NameAndAliases 

func (c *Command) NameAndAliases() string

NameAndAliases returns a list of the command name and all aliases

func (*Command) NamePadding 

func (c *Command) NamePadding() int

NamePadding returns padding for the name.

func (*Command) NonInheritedFlags 

func (c *Command) NonInheritedFlags() *flag.FlagSet

NonInheritedFlags returns all flags which were not inherited from parent commands. This function does not modify the flags of the current command, it's purpose is to return the current state.

func (*Command) OutOrStderr 

func (c *Command) OutOrStderr() io.Writer

OutOrStderr returns output to stderr

func (*Command) OutOrStdout 

func (c *Command) OutOrStdout() io.Writer

OutOrStdout returns output to stdout.

func (*Command) Parent 

func (c *Command) Parent() *Command

Parent returns a commands parent command.

func (*Command) ParseFlags 

func (c *Command) ParseFlags(args []string) error

ParseFlags parses persistent flag tree and local flags.

func (*Command) PersistentFlags 

func (c *Command) PersistentFlags() *flag.FlagSet

PersistentFlags returns the persistent FlagSet specifically set in the current command.

func (*Command) Print 

func (c *Command) Print(i ...interface{})

Print is a convenience method to Print to the defined output, fallback to Stderr if not set.

func (*Command) PrintErr added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) PrintErr(i ...interface{})

PrintErr is a convenience method to Print to the defined Err output, fallback to Stderr if not set.

func (*Command) PrintErrf added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) PrintErrf(format string, i ...interface{})

PrintErrf is a convenience method to Printf to the defined Err output, fallback to Stderr if not set.

func (*Command) PrintErrln added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) PrintErrln(i ...interface{})

PrintErrln is a convenience method to Println to the defined Err output, fallback to Stderr if not set.

func (*Command) Printf 

func (c *Command) Printf(format string, i ...interface{})

Printf is a convenience method to Printf to the defined output, fallback to Stderr if not set.

func (*Command) Println 

func (c *Command) Println(i ...interface{})

Println is a convenience method to Println to the defined output, fallback to Stderr if not set.

func (*Command) RegisterFlagCompletionFunc added in v1.0.0 

func (c *Command) RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(flagName string, f func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective)) error

RegisterFlagCompletionFunc should be called to register a function to provide completion for a flag.

func (*Command) RemoveCommand 

func (c *Command) RemoveCommand(cmds ...*Command)

RemoveCommand removes one or more commands from a parent command.

func (*Command) ResetCommands 

func (c *Command) ResetCommands()

ResetCommands delete parent, subcommand and help command from c.

func (*Command) ResetFlags 

func (c *Command) ResetFlags()

ResetFlags deletes all flags from command.

func (*Command) Root 

func (c *Command) Root() *Command

Root finds root command.

func (*Command) Runnable 

func (c *Command) Runnable() bool

Runnable determines if the command is itself runnable.

func (*Command) SetArgs 

func (c *Command) SetArgs(a []string)

SetArgs sets arguments for the command. It is set to os.Args[1:] by default, if desired, can be overridden particularly useful when testing.

func (*Command) SetCompletionCommandGroupID added in v1.6.0 

func (c *Command) SetCompletionCommandGroupID(groupID string)

SetCompletionCommandGroupID sets the group id of the completion command.

func (*Command) SetContext added in v1.5.0 

func (c *Command) SetContext(ctx context.Context)

SetContext sets context for the command. This context will be overwritten by Command.ExecuteContext or Command.ExecuteContextC.

func (*Command) SetErr added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) SetErr(newErr io.Writer)

SetErr sets the destination for error messages. If newErr is nil, os.Stderr is used.

func (*Command) SetErrPrefix added in v1.8.0 

func (c *Command) SetErrPrefix(s string)

SetErrPrefix sets error message prefix to be used. Application can use it to set custom prefix.

func (*Command) SetFlagErrorFunc 

func (c *Command) SetFlagErrorFunc(f func(*Command, error) error)

SetFlagErrorFunc sets a function to generate an error when flag parsing fails.

func (*Command) SetGlobalNormalizationFunc 

func (c *Command) SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(n func(f *flag.FlagSet, name string) flag.NormalizedName)

SetGlobalNormalizationFunc sets a normalization function to all flag sets and also to child commands. The user should not have a cyclic dependency on commands.

func (*Command) SetHelpCommand 

func (c *Command) SetHelpCommand(cmd *Command)

SetHelpCommand sets help command.

func (*Command) SetHelpCommandGroupID added in v1.6.0 

func (c *Command) SetHelpCommandGroupID(groupID string)

SetHelpCommandGroupID sets the group id of the help command.

func (*Command) SetHelpFunc 

func (c *Command) SetHelpFunc(f func(*Command, []string))

SetHelpFunc sets help function. Can be defined by Application.

func (*Command) SetHelpTemplate 

func (c *Command) SetHelpTemplate(s string)

SetHelpTemplate sets help template to be used. Application can use it to set custom template.

func (*Command) SetIn added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) SetIn(newIn io.Reader)

SetIn sets the source for input data If newIn is nil, os.Stdin is used.

func (*Command) SetOut added in v0.0.5 

func (c *Command) SetOut(newOut io.Writer)

SetOut sets the destination for usage messages. If newOut is nil, os.Stdout is used.

func (*Command) SetOutput 

func (c *Command) SetOutput(output io.Writer)

SetOutput sets the destination for usage and error messages. If output is nil, os.Stderr is used. Deprecated: Use SetOut and/or SetErr instead

func (*Command) SetUsageFunc 

func (c *Command) SetUsageFunc(f func(*Command) error)

SetUsageFunc sets usage function. Usage can be defined by application.

func (*Command) SetUsageTemplate 

func (c *Command) SetUsageTemplate(s string)

SetUsageTemplate sets usage template. Can be defined by Application.

func (*Command) SetVersionTemplate added in v0.0.2 

func (c *Command) SetVersionTemplate(s string)

SetVersionTemplate sets version template to be used. Application can use it to set custom template.

func (*Command) SuggestionsFor 

func (c *Command) SuggestionsFor(typedName string) []string

SuggestionsFor provides suggestions for the typedName.

func (*Command) Traverse 

func (c *Command) Traverse(args []string) (*Command, []string, error)

Traverse the command tree to find the command, and parse args for each parent.

func (*Command) Usage 

func (c *Command) Usage() error

Usage puts out the usage for the command. Used when a user provides invalid input. Can be defined by user by overriding UsageFunc.

func (*Command) UsageFunc 

func (c *Command) UsageFunc() (f func(*Command) error)

UsageFunc returns either the function set by SetUsageFunc for this command or a parent, or it returns a default usage function.

func (*Command) UsagePadding 

func (c *Command) UsagePadding() int

UsagePadding return padding for the usage.

func (*Command) UsageString 

func (c *Command) UsageString() string

UsageString returns usage string.

func (*Command) UsageTemplate 

func (c *Command) UsageTemplate() string

UsageTemplate returns usage template for the command.

func (*Command) UseLine 

func (c *Command) UseLine() string

UseLine puts out the full usage for a given command (including parents).

func (*Command) ValidateArgs 

func (c *Command) ValidateArgs(args []string) error

func (*Command) ValidateFlagGroups added in v1.6.0 

func (c *Command) ValidateFlagGroups() error

ValidateFlagGroups validates the mutuallyExclusive/oneRequired/requiredAsGroup logic and returns the first error encountered.

func (*Command) ValidateRequiredFlags added in v1.6.0 

func (c *Command) ValidateRequiredFlags() error

ValidateRequiredFlags validates all required flags are present and returns an error otherwise

func (*Command) VersionTemplate added in v0.0.2 

func (c *Command) VersionTemplate() string

VersionTemplate return version template for the command.

func (*Command) VisitParents 

func (c *Command) VisitParents(fn func(*Command))

VisitParents visits all parents of the command and invokes fn on each parent.

type CompletionOptions added in v1.2.0 

type CompletionOptions struct {
	// DisableDefaultCmd prevents Cobra from creating a default 'completion' command
	DisableDefaultCmd bool
	// DisableNoDescFlag prevents Cobra from creating the '--no-descriptions' flag
	// for shells that support completion descriptions
	DisableNoDescFlag bool
	// DisableDescriptions turns off all completion descriptions for shells
	// that support them
	DisableDescriptions bool
	// HiddenDefaultCmd makes the default 'completion' command hidden
	HiddenDefaultCmd bool
}

CompletionOptions are the options to control shell completion

type FParseErrWhitelist added in v0.0.3 

type FParseErrWhitelist flag.ParseErrorsWhitelist

FParseErrWhitelist configures Flag parse errors to be ignored

type Group added in v1.6.0 

type Group struct {
	ID    string
	Title string
}

Group Structure to manage groups for commands

type PositionalArgs 

type PositionalArgs func(cmd *Command, args []string) error

func ExactArgs 

func ExactArgs(n int) PositionalArgs

ExactArgs returns an error if there are not exactly n args.

func ExactValidArgs deprecated added in v0.0.4 

func ExactValidArgs(n int) PositionalArgs

ExactValidArgs returns an error if there are not exactly N positional args OR there are any positional args that are not in the `ValidArgs` field of `Command`

Deprecated: use MatchAll(ExactArgs(n), OnlyValidArgs) instead

func MatchAll added in v1.3.0 

func MatchAll(pargs ...PositionalArgs) PositionalArgs

MatchAll allows combining several PositionalArgs to work in concert.

func MaximumNArgs 

func MaximumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs

MaximumNArgs returns an error if there are more than N args.

func MinimumNArgs 

func MinimumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs

MinimumNArgs returns an error if there is not at least N args.

func RangeArgs 

func RangeArgs(min int, max int) PositionalArgs

RangeArgs returns an error if the number of args is not within the expected range.

type ShellCompDirective added in v1.0.0 

type ShellCompDirective int

ShellCompDirective is a bit map representing the different behaviors the shell can be instructed to have once completions have been provided. 

const (
	// ShellCompDirectiveError indicates an error occurred and completions should be ignored.
	ShellCompDirectiveError ShellCompDirective = 1 << iota

	// ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace indicates that the shell should not add a space
	// after the completion even if there is a single completion provided.
	ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace

	// ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp indicates that the shell should not provide
	// file completion even when no completion is provided.
	ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp

	// ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt indicates that the provided completions
	// should be used as file extension filters.
	// For flags, using Command.MarkFlagFilename() and Command.MarkPersistentFlagFilename()
	// is a shortcut to using this directive explicitly.  The BashCompFilenameExt
	// annotation can also be used to obtain the same behavior for flags.
	ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt

	// ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs indicates that only directory names should
	// be provided in file completion.  To request directory names within another
	// directory, the returned completions should specify the directory within
	// which to search.  The BashCompSubdirsInDir annotation can be used to
	// obtain the same behavior but only for flags.
	ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs

	// ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder indicates that the shell should preserve the order
	// in which the completions are provided
	ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder

	// ShellCompDirectiveDefault indicates to let the shell perform its default
	// behavior after completions have been provided.
	// This one must be last to avoid messing up the iota count.
	ShellCompDirectiveDefault ShellCompDirective = 0
)

func NoFileCompletions added in v1.2.0 

func NoFileCompletions(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective)

NoFileCompletions can be used to disable file completion for commands that should not trigger file completions.

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