smtp

Documentation

Overview

Package smtp implements the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol as defined in RFC 5321. It also implements the following extensions:

8BITMIME  RFC 1652
AUTH      RFC 2554
STARTTLS  RFC 3207

Additional extensions may be handled by clients.

Example

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/smtp"
)

func main() {
	// Connect to the remote SMTP server.
	c, err := smtp.Dial("mail.example.com:25")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}

	// Set the sender and recipient first
	if err := c.Mail("sender@example.org"); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	if err := c.Rcpt("recipient@example.net"); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}

	// Send the email body.
	wc, err := c.Data()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	_, err = fmt.Fprintf(wc, "This is the email body")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	err = wc.Close()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}

	// Send the QUIT command and close the connection.
	err = c.Quit()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}

Index

• func SendMail(addr string, a Auth, from string, to []string, msg []byte) error
• type Auth
  • func CRAMMD5Auth(username, secret string) Auth
  • func PlainAuth(identity, username, password, host string) Auth
• type Client
  • func Dial(addr string) (*Client, error)
  • func NewClient(conn net.Conn, host string) (*Client, error)
  • func (c *Client) Auth(a Auth) error
  • func (c *Client) Close() error
  • func (c *Client) Data() (io.WriteCloser, error)
  • func (c *Client) Extension(ext string) (bool, string)
  • func (c *Client) Hello(localName string) error
  • func (c *Client) Mail(from string) error
  • func (c *Client) Quit() error
  • func (c *Client) Rcpt(to string) error
  • func (c *Client) Reset() error
  • func (c *Client) StartTLS(config *tls.Config) error
  • func (c *Client) TLSConnectionState() (state tls.ConnectionState, ok bool)
  • func (c *Client) Verify(addr string) error
• type ServerInfo

Examples

• Package
• PlainAuth
• SendMail

Functions

func SendMail

func SendMail(addr string, a Auth, from string, to []string, msg []byte) error

SendMail connects to the server at addr, switches to TLS if possible, authenticates with the optional mechanism a if possible, and then sends an email from address from, to addresses to, with message msg. The addr must include a port, as in "mail.example.com:smtp".

The addresses in the to parameter are the SMTP RCPT addresses.

The msg parameter should be an RFC 822-style email with headers first, a blank line, and then the message body. The lines of msg should be CRLF terminated. The msg headers should usually include fields such as "From", "To", "Subject", and "Cc". Sending "Bcc" messages is accomplished by including an email address in the to parameter but not including it in the msg headers.

The SendMail function and the the net/smtp package are low-level mechanisms and provide no support for DKIM signing, MIME attachments (see the mime/multipart package), or other mail functionality. Higher-level packages exist outside of the standard library.

Example

package main

import (
	"log"
	"net/smtp"
)

func main() {
	// Set up authentication information.
	auth := smtp.PlainAuth("", "user@example.com", "password", "mail.example.com")

	// Connect to the server, authenticate, set the sender and recipient,
	// and send the email all in one step.
	to := []string{"recipient@example.net"}
	msg := []byte("To: recipient@example.net\r\n" +
		"Subject: discount Gophers!\r\n" +
		"\r\n" +
		"This is the email body.\r\n")
	err := smtp.SendMail("mail.example.com:25", auth, "sender@example.org", to, msg)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}

Types

type Auth

type Auth interface {
	// Start begins an authentication with a server.
	// It returns the name of the authentication protocol
	// and optionally data to include in the initial AUTH message
	// sent to the server. It can return proto == "" to indicate
	// that the authentication should be skipped.
	// If it returns a non-nil error, the SMTP client aborts
	// the authentication attempt and closes the connection.
	Start(server *ServerInfo) (proto string, toServer []byte, err error)

	// Next continues the authentication. The server has just sent
	// the fromServer data. If more is true, the server expects a
	// response, which Next should return as toServer; otherwise
	// Next should return toServer == nil.
	// If Next returns a non-nil error, the SMTP client aborts
	// the authentication attempt and closes the connection.
	Next(fromServer []byte, more bool) (toServer []byte, err error)
}

Auth is implemented by an SMTP authentication mechanism.

func CRAMMD5Auth

func CRAMMD5Auth(username, secret string) Auth

CRAMMD5Auth returns an Auth that implements the CRAM-MD5 authentication mechanism as defined in RFC 2195. The returned Auth uses the given username and secret to authenticate to the server using the challenge-response mechanism.

func PlainAuth

func PlainAuth(identity, username, password, host string) Auth

PlainAuth returns an Auth that implements the PLAIN authentication mechanism as defined in RFC 4616. The returned Auth uses the given username and password to authenticate on TLS connections to host and act as identity. Usually identity will be left blank to act as username.

Example

package main

import (
	"log"
	"net/smtp"
)

// variables to make ExamplePlainAuth compile, without adding
// unnecessary noise there.
var (
	from       = "gopher@example.net"
	msg        = []byte("dummy message")
	recipients = []string{"foo@example.com"}
)

func main() {
	// hostname is used by PlainAuth to validate the TLS certificate.
	hostname := "mail.example.com"
	auth := smtp.PlainAuth("", "user@example.com", "password", hostname)

	err := smtp.SendMail(hostname+":25", auth, from, recipients, msg)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}

type Client

type Client struct {
	// Text is the textproto.Conn used by the Client. It is exported to allow for
	// clients to add extensions.
	Text *textproto.Conn
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

A Client represents a client connection to an SMTP server.

func Dial

func Dial(addr string) (*Client, error)

Dial returns a new Client connected to an SMTP server at addr. The addr must include a port, as in "mail.example.com:smtp".

func NewClient

func NewClient(conn net.Conn, host string) (*Client, error)

NewClient returns a new Client using an existing connection and host as a server name to be used when authenticating.

func (*Client) Auth

func (c *Client) Auth(a Auth) error

Auth authenticates a client using the provided authentication mechanism. A failed authentication closes the connection. Only servers that advertise the AUTH extension support this function.

func (*Client) Close

func (c *Client) Close() error

Close closes the connection.

func (*Client) Data

func (c *Client) Data() (io.WriteCloser, error)

Data issues a DATA command to the server and returns a writer that can be used to write the mail headers and body. The caller should close the writer before calling any more methods on c. A call to Data must be preceded by one or more calls to Rcpt.

func (*Client) Extension

func (c *Client) Extension(ext string) (bool, string)

Extension reports whether an extension is support by the server. The extension name is case-insensitive. If the extension is supported, Extension also returns a string that contains any parameters the server specifies for the extension.

func (*Client) Hello

func (c *Client) Hello(localName string) error

Hello sends a HELO or EHLO to the server as the given host name. Calling this method is only necessary if the client needs control over the host name used. The client will introduce itself as "localhost" automatically otherwise. If Hello is called, it must be called before any of the other methods.

func (*Client) Mail

func (c *Client) Mail(from string) error

Mail issues a MAIL command to the server using the provided email address. If the server supports the 8BITMIME extension, Mail adds the BODY=8BITMIME parameter. This initiates a mail transaction and is followed by one or more Rcpt calls.

func (*Client) Quit

func (c *Client) Quit() error

Quit sends the QUIT command and closes the connection to the server.

func (*Client) Rcpt

func (c *Client) Rcpt(to string) error

Rcpt issues a RCPT command to the server using the provided email address. A call to Rcpt must be preceded by a call to Mail and may be followed by a Data call or another Rcpt call.

func (*Client) Reset

func (c *Client) Reset() error

Reset sends the RSET command to the server, aborting the current mail transaction.

func (*Client) StartTLS

func (c *Client) StartTLS(config *tls.Config) error

StartTLS sends the STARTTLS command and encrypts all further communication. Only servers that advertise the STARTTLS extension support this function.

func (*Client) TLSConnectionState

func (c *Client) TLSConnectionState() (state tls.ConnectionState, ok bool)

TLSConnectionState returns the client's TLS connection state. The return values are their zero values if StartTLS did not succeed.

func (*Client) Verify

func (c *Client) Verify(addr string) error

Verify checks the validity of an email address on the server. If Verify returns nil, the address is valid. A non-nil return does not necessarily indicate an invalid address. Many servers will not verify addresses for security reasons.

type ServerInfo

type ServerInfo struct {
	Name string   // SMTP server name
	TLS  bool     // using TLS, with valid certificate for Name
	Auth []string // advertised authentication mechanisms
}

ServerInfo records information about an SMTP server.