membrane

README

Nitric is a portable, provider independent runtime for cloud-native and serverless applications. Using Nitric applications can take advantage of cloud-native services for activities like eventing, queues, compute, CDN, storage, caches, etc. without direct integration to product specific APIs.

This decoupling enables applications to remain portable between cloud-providers and alternate deployment options such as Kubernetes or stand-alone servers, from a single application codebase. Nitric also takes an intention based design approach to applications, where services and their resources are described in terms of how they should behave, allowing Nitric to ensure that behavior across a variety of providers and services.

Read the docs to get started.

Nitric Membrane

The Membrane is at the heart of the solution. Nitric applications communicate with the Membrane via gRPC to access the following services in a provider agnostic way:

• Events
• Queues
• Key/Value Store
• Storage & Buckets

Additional services on our roadmap include:

• RDS
• Document Store
• Configuration
• Logging
• Authentication

If you have any requests or suggestions let us know in the issues.

SDKs are available for many languages, providing an idiomatic wrapper around the gRPC client.

• Node.js
• Python
• Go
• Java
• PHP
• .NET

If you have additional languages you would like support for let us know in the issues, we also welcome community contribtions for new language support.

Architecture

The Nitric Membrane runs alongside your code as a separate process or side-car container. The process provides a Gateway server which accepts incoming triggers such as HTTP Requests, Events, etc., translates them into a standard trigger format and forwards them to your Service or Function. The Gateway also accepts a standard response format from your application and serializes it into an appropriate format based on the initial request.

The Membrane also provides an API Server, with APIs for services such as Events, State, Auth, etc., which are implemented via provider specific plugins. Application code interacts with these services via gRPC, either directly or via a language SDK, enabling complete freedom in terms of the language or runtime you use to develop.

By wrapping both in-bound and out-bound communication in this way, the Membrane ensures maximum portability of applications via an intuitive set of services and APIs. The plugin based architecture ensures new and variety provider services can continue to be safely added without breaking application code.

Documentation on key components is available in the Membrane Plugin SDK.

Configuration

Membrane configuration options can be found here

Membrane Binary Options

The Nitric Membrane comes in two variants Pluggable or Static.

Static

For each supported provider (e.g. AWS, Google Cloud, Azure, etc.) we provide a static binary which includes all of the default service plugins for that provider. The static membrane binaries are far smaller than the equivalent pluggable binary, which uses separate plugin files. As a result, this is the most size efficient option when running Nitric on a single provider or when custom service implementations aren't required.

Pluggable

In cases where provider or service implementation flexibility is needed the pluggable membrane may be used. The pluggable variant loads service implementations (e.g. the AWS S3 implementation of the Storage service) via Go Plugin Service Factories. This enables runtime loading of service implementations, as well as custom service implementations within a provider as an alternative to the fixed set of plugins in the static membranes.

Service customization and multiplexing is currently on the roadmap.

Development

Requirements

• Git
• Golang
• Make
• Docker
• Google Protocol Buffers Compiler
• Google Cloud SDK (for Firestore testing)
• JRE (for DynamoDB testing)

Getting Started

Contracts Submodule

Initialize the GRPC contracts submodule:

git submodule update --init --recursive

Install dependencies

make install-tools

Install integration testing tools

make install-test-tools

Install Protocol Buffers

Download the Google Protobuf Compiler (standalone binary called protoc) from https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf and add it to your $PATH.

On MacOS with Homebrew, you can run brew install protobuf

Install Google Cloud SDK

Install the Google Cloud SDK following in the instructions at: https://cloud.google.com/sdk/docs/install

Install JRE

Install a Java Runtime Environment (JRE) version 11 or later for your OS. For example on Ubuntu Linux run:

sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk

Run unit tests

make tests

Run integration tests

make test-integration

Build Static Membranes

AWS

Standard Binary

Linux support only - used in container images and for production.

make aws-static

Cross-platform Binary

Useful for local testing

make aws-static-xp

Container Images

make aws-docker

Google Cloud Platform

Standard Binary

Linux support only - used in container images and for production.

make gcp-static

Cross-platform Binary

Useful for local testing

make gcp-static-xp

Container Images

make gcp-docker

Dev Membrane

Note: the Dev Membrane should only be used for local development and testing.

Standard Binary

The dev binary is always cross-platform, since it doesn't need to be optimized for production deployments.

make dev-static

Container Images

make dev-docker

Run Locally

To run the membrane server locally, perform a local build of the membrane binary for the platform you're targeting, then run the resulting binary.

Example building and running the static Google Cloud Membrane locally

# Make the GCP Static Cross-platform binary
make gcp-static-xp

# Run the membrane binary
./bin/membrane

Note: for the AWS membrane, the Lambda Gateway (default) will fail to start. Instead, set the GATEWAY_ENVIRONMENT environment variable so that the HTTP gateway is launched instead.

# Make the AWS Static Cross-platform binary
make aws-static-xp

# Set environment variable in subshell, then run the membrane binary
(export GATEWAY_ENVIRONMENT=http; ./bin/membrane)

Running without a child process

It can be useful to run the Membrane in a 'service only' mode, where the cloud APIs are available but you don't need/want to start a child process to handle incoming request. This can be achieved by setting the MIN_WORKERS variable to 0:

(export MIN_WORKERS=0; ./bin/membrane)

Project Structure

The Membrane project source code structure is outlined below:

Directory	Package	Description
/interfaces/nitric/v1	v1	protoc generated GRPC services code
/pkg/adapters/grpc	grpc	GRPC service to SDK adaptors
/pkg/membrane	membrane	membrane application
/pkg/plugins/...	...	Cloud service SDK plugins
/pkg/providers/...	main	Cloud provider main application and plugin injection
/pkg/sdk	sdk	SDK service interfaces
/pkg/triggers	triggers	provides Nitric event triggers
/pkg/utils	utils	provides utility functions
/pkg/worker	worker	Membrane workers representing function/service connections
/tests/mocks/...	...	Cloud service SDK mocks
/tests/plugins/...	...	Plugin services integration test suites
/tools	tools	include for 3rd party build tools

Membrane Service Invocation

A Nitric SDK service invocation sequence diagram is provided below.

1. SDK Client - Application process makes SDK service call via GRPC client
2. GRPC Server - Membrane process GRPC server receives call, and registered service handles call [/pkg/membrane]
3. GRPC Document Service - delegates the call to the service adaptor [/interfaces/nitric/v1/document_grpc.pb.go]
4. GRPC Document Adaptor - service adaptor delegates call to Cloud service plugin [/pkg/adapters/grpc/document_grpc.go]
5. Document Service Plugin (DynamoDB) - Cloud service plugin makes remote call to Cloud's API [/pkg/plugins/document/dynamodb/dynamodb.go]
6. DynamoDB API - Cloud API makes remote call to Cloud service