bigtable

package
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 Go to latest Published: May 26, 2017 License: Apache-2.0 Imports: 22 Imported by: 0

Documentation

Overview

Package bigtable is an API to Google Cloud Bigtable.

See https://cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs/ for general product documentation.

Setup and Credentials

Use NewClient or NewAdminClient to create a client that can be used to access the data or admin APIs respectively. Both require credentials that have permission to access the Cloud Bigtable API.

If your program is run on Google App Engine or Google Compute Engine, using the Application Default Credentials (https://developers.google.com/accounts/docs/application-default-credentials) is the simplest option. Those credentials will be used by default when NewClient or NewAdminClient are called.

To use alternate credentials, pass them to NewClient or NewAdminClient using option.WithTokenSource. For instance, you can use service account credentials by visiting https://cloud.google.com/console/project/MYPROJECT/apiui/credential, creating a new OAuth "Client ID", storing the JSON key somewhere accessible, and writing 

jsonKey, err := ioutil.ReadFile(pathToKeyFile)
...
config, err := google.JWTConfigFromJSON(jsonKey, bigtable.Scope) // or bigtable.AdminScope, etc.
...
client, err := bigtable.NewClient(ctx, project, instance, option.WithTokenSource(config.TokenSource(ctx)))
...

Here, `google` means the golang.org/x/oauth2/google package and `option` means the google.golang.org/api/option package.

Reading

The principal way to read from a Bigtable is to use the ReadRows method on *Table. A RowRange specifies a contiguous portion of a table. A Filter may be provided through RowFilter to limit or transform the data that is returned. 

tbl := client.Open("mytable")
...
// Read all the rows starting with "com.google.",
// but only fetch the columns in the "links" family.
rr := bigtable.PrefixRange("com.google.")
err := tbl.ReadRows(ctx, rr, func(r Row) bool {
	// do something with r
	return true // keep going
}, bigtable.RowFilter(bigtable.FamilyFilter("links")))
...

To read a single row, use the ReadRow helper method. 

r, err := tbl.ReadRow(ctx, "com.google.cloud") // "com.google.cloud" is the entire row key
...

Writing

This API exposes two distinct forms of writing to a Bigtable: a Mutation and a ReadModifyWrite. The former expresses idempotent operations. The latter expresses non-idempotent operations and returns the new values of updated cells. These operations are performed by creating a Mutation or ReadModifyWrite (with NewMutation or NewReadModifyWrite), building up one or more operations on that, and then using the Apply or ApplyReadModifyWrite methods on a Table.

For instance, to set a couple of cells in a table, 

tbl := client.Open("mytable")
mut := bigtable.NewMutation()
mut.Set("links", "maps.google.com", bigtable.Now(), []byte("1"))
mut.Set("links", "golang.org", bigtable.Now(), []byte("1"))
err := tbl.Apply(ctx, "com.google.cloud", mut)
...

To increment an encoded value in one cell, 

tbl := client.Open("mytable")
rmw := bigtable.NewReadModifyWrite()
rmw.Increment("links", "golang.org", 12) // add 12 to the cell in column "links:golang.org"
r, err := tbl.ApplyReadModifyWrite(ctx, "com.google.cloud", rmw)
...

Retries

If a read or write operation encounters a transient error it will be retried until a successful response, an unretryable error or the context deadline is reached. Non-idempotent writes (where the timestamp is set to ServerTime) will not be retried. In the case of ReadRows, retried calls will not re-scan rows that have already been processed.

Authentication

See examples of authorization and authentication at https://godoc.org/cloud.google.com/go#pkg-examples.

Index

Constants

View Source 
const (
	// Scope is the OAuth scope for Cloud Bigtable data operations.
	Scope = "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigtable.data"
	// ReadonlyScope is the OAuth scope for Cloud Bigtable read-only data operations.
	ReadonlyScope = "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigtable.readonly"

	// AdminScope is the OAuth scope for Cloud Bigtable table admin operations.
	AdminScope = "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigtable.admin.table"

	// InstanceAdminScope is the OAuth scope for Cloud Bigtable instance (and cluster) admin operations.
	InstanceAdminScope = "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigtable.admin.cluster"
)

Scope constants for authentication credentials. These should be used when using credential creation functions such as oauth.NewServiceAccountFromFile.

Variables

This section is empty.

Functions

This section is empty.

Types

type AdminClient 

type AdminClient struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

AdminClient is a client type for performing admin operations within a specific instance.

func NewAdminClient 

func NewAdminClient(ctx context.Context, project, instance string, opts ...option.ClientOption) (*AdminClient, error)

NewAdminClient creates a new AdminClient for a given project and instance.

func (*AdminClient) Close 

func (ac *AdminClient) Close() error

Close closes the AdminClient.

func (*AdminClient) CreateColumnFamily 

func (ac *AdminClient) CreateColumnFamily(ctx context.Context, table, family string) error

CreateColumnFamily creates a new column family in a table.

func (*AdminClient) CreatePresplitTable 

func (ac *AdminClient) CreatePresplitTable(ctx context.Context, table string, split_keys []string) error

CreatePresplitTable creates a new table in the instance. The list of row keys will be used to initially split the table into multiple tablets. Given two split keys, "s1" and "s2", three tablets will be created, spanning the key ranges: [, s1), [s1, s2), [s2, ). This method may return before the table's creation is complete.

func (*AdminClient) CreateTable 

func (ac *AdminClient) CreateTable(ctx context.Context, table string) error

CreateTable creates a new table in the instance. This method may return before the table's creation is complete.

func (*AdminClient) DeleteColumnFamily 

func (ac *AdminClient) DeleteColumnFamily(ctx context.Context, table, family string) error

DeleteColumnFamily deletes a column family in a table and all of its data.

func (*AdminClient) DeleteTable 

func (ac *AdminClient) DeleteTable(ctx context.Context, table string) error

DeleteTable deletes a table and all of its data.

func (*AdminClient) DropRowRange 

func (ac *AdminClient) DropRowRange(ctx context.Context, table, rowKeyPrefix string) error

DropRowRange permanently deletes a row range from the specified table.

func (*AdminClient) SetGCPolicy 

func (ac *AdminClient) SetGCPolicy(ctx context.Context, table, family string, policy GCPolicy) error

SetGCPolicy specifies which cells in a column family should be garbage collected. GC executes opportunistically in the background; table reads may return data matching the GC policy.

func (*AdminClient) TableInfo 

func (ac *AdminClient) TableInfo(ctx context.Context, table string) (*TableInfo, error)

TableInfo retrieves information about a table.

func (*AdminClient) Tables 

func (ac *AdminClient) Tables(ctx context.Context) ([]string, error)

Tables returns a list of the tables in the instance.

type ApplyOption 

type ApplyOption interface {
	// contains filtered or unexported methods
}

An ApplyOption is an optional argument to Apply.

func GetCondMutationResult 

func GetCondMutationResult(matched *bool) ApplyOption

GetCondMutationResult returns an ApplyOption that reports whether the conditional mutation's condition matched.

type Client 

type Client struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Client is a client for reading and writing data to tables in an instance.

A Client is safe to use concurrently, except for its Close method.

func NewClient 

func NewClient(ctx context.Context, project, instance string, opts ...option.ClientOption) (*Client, error)

NewClient creates a new Client for a given project and instance.

func (*Client) Close 

func (c *Client) Close() error

Close closes the Client.

func (*Client) Open 

func (c *Client) Open(table string) *Table

Open opens a table.

type Filter 

type Filter interface {
	String() string
	// contains filtered or unexported methods
}

A Filter represents a row filter.

func ChainFilters 

func ChainFilters(sub ...Filter) Filter

ChainFilters returns a filter that applies a sequence of filters.

func ColumnFilter 

func ColumnFilter(pattern string) Filter

ColumnFilter returns a filter that matches cells whose column name matches the provided RE2 pattern. See https://github.com/google/re2/wiki/Syntax for the accepted syntax.

func ColumnRangeFilter 

func ColumnRangeFilter(family, start, end string) Filter

ColumnRangeFilter returns a filter that matches a contiguous range of columns within a single family, as specified by an inclusive start qualifier and exclusive end qualifier.

func ConditionFilter 

func ConditionFilter(predicateFilter, trueFilter, falseFilter Filter) Filter

ConditionFilter returns a filter that evaluates to one of two possible filters depending on whether or not the given predicate filter matches at least one cell. If the matched filter is nil then no results will be returned. IMPORTANT NOTE: The predicate filter does not execute atomically with the true and false filters, which may lead to inconsistent or unexpected results. Additionally, condition filters have poor performance, especially when filters are set for the false condition.

func FamilyFilter 

func FamilyFilter(pattern string) Filter

FamilyFilter returns a filter that matches cells whose family name matches the provided RE2 pattern. See https://github.com/google/re2/wiki/Syntax for the accepted syntax.

func InterleaveFilters 

func InterleaveFilters(sub ...Filter) Filter

InterleaveFilters returns a filter that applies a set of filters in parallel and interleaves the results.

func LatestNFilter 

func LatestNFilter(n int) Filter

LatestNFilter returns a filter that matches the most recent N cells in each column.

func RowKeyFilter 

func RowKeyFilter(pattern string) Filter

RowKeyFilter returns a filter that matches cells from rows whose key matches the provided RE2 pattern. See https://github.com/google/re2/wiki/Syntax for the accepted syntax.

func StripValueFilter 

func StripValueFilter() Filter

StripValueFilter returns a filter that replaces each value with the empty string.

func TimestampRangeFilter 

func TimestampRangeFilter(startTime time.Time, endTime time.Time) Filter

TimestampRangeFilter returns a filter that matches any rows whose timestamp is within the given time bounds. A zero time means no bound. The timestamp will be truncated to millisecond granularity.

func TimestampRangeFilterMicros 

func TimestampRangeFilterMicros(startTime Timestamp, endTime Timestamp) Filter

TimestampRangeFilterMicros returns a filter that matches any rows whose timestamp is within the given time bounds, specified in units of microseconds since 1 January 1970. A zero value for the end time is interpreted as no bound. The timestamp will be truncated to millisecond granularity.

func ValueFilter 

func ValueFilter(pattern string) Filter

ValueFilter returns a filter that matches cells whose value matches the provided RE2 pattern. See https://github.com/google/re2/wiki/Syntax for the accepted syntax.

func ValueRangeFilter 

func ValueRangeFilter(start, end []byte) Filter

ValueRangeFilter returns a filter that matches cells with values that fall within the given range, as specified by an inclusive start value and exclusive end value.

type GCPolicy 

type GCPolicy interface {
	String() string
	// contains filtered or unexported methods
}

A GCPolicy represents a rule that determines which cells are eligible for garbage collection.

func IntersectionPolicy 

func IntersectionPolicy(sub ...GCPolicy) GCPolicy

IntersectionPolicy returns a GC policy that only applies when all its sub-policies apply.

func MaxAgePolicy 

func MaxAgePolicy(d time.Duration) GCPolicy

MaxAgePolicy returns a GC policy that applies to all cells older than the given age.

func MaxVersionsPolicy 

func MaxVersionsPolicy(n int) GCPolicy

MaxVersionsPolicy returns a GC policy that applies to all versions of a cell except for the most recent n.

func UnionPolicy 

func UnionPolicy(sub ...GCPolicy) GCPolicy

UnionPolicy returns a GC policy that applies when any of its sub-policies apply.

type InstanceAdminClient 

type InstanceAdminClient struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

InstanceAdminClient is a client type for performing admin operations on instances. These operations can be substantially more dangerous than those provided by AdminClient.

func NewInstanceAdminClient 

func NewInstanceAdminClient(ctx context.Context, project string, opts ...option.ClientOption) (*InstanceAdminClient, error)

NewInstanceAdminClient creates a new InstanceAdminClient for a given project.

func (*InstanceAdminClient) Close 

func (iac *InstanceAdminClient) Close() error

Close closes the InstanceAdminClient.

func (*InstanceAdminClient) CreateInstance 

func (iac *InstanceAdminClient) CreateInstance(ctx context.Context, conf *InstanceConf) error

CreateInstance creates a new instance in the project. This method will return when the instance has been created or when an error occurs.

func (*InstanceAdminClient) DeleteInstance 

func (iac *InstanceAdminClient) DeleteInstance(ctx context.Context, instanceId string) error

DeleteInstance deletes an instance from the project.

func (*InstanceAdminClient) Instances 

func (iac *InstanceAdminClient) Instances(ctx context.Context) ([]*InstanceInfo, error)

Instances returns a list of instances in the project.

type InstanceConf 

type InstanceConf struct {
	InstanceId, DisplayName, ClusterId, Zone string
	NumNodes                                 int32
	StorageType                              StorageType
}

InstanceConf contains the information necessary to create an Instance

type InstanceInfo 

type InstanceInfo struct {
	Name        string // name of the instance
	DisplayName string // display name for UIs
}

InstanceInfo represents information about an instance

type Mutation 

type Mutation struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Mutation represents a set of changes for a single row of a table.

func NewCondMutation 

func NewCondMutation(cond Filter, mtrue, mfalse *Mutation) *Mutation

NewCondMutation returns a conditional mutation. The given row filter determines which mutation is applied: If the filter matches any cell in the row, mtrue is applied; otherwise, mfalse is applied. Either given mutation may be nil.

func NewMutation 

func NewMutation() *Mutation

NewMutation returns a new mutation.

func (*Mutation) DeleteCellsInColumn 

func (m *Mutation) DeleteCellsInColumn(family, column string)

DeleteCellsInColumn will delete all the cells whose columns are family:column.

func (*Mutation) DeleteCellsInFamily 

func (m *Mutation) DeleteCellsInFamily(family string)

DeleteCellsInFamily will delete all the cells whose columns are family:*.

func (*Mutation) DeleteRow 

func (m *Mutation) DeleteRow()

DeleteRow deletes the entire row.

func (*Mutation) DeleteTimestampRange 

func (m *Mutation) DeleteTimestampRange(family, column string, start, end Timestamp)

DeleteTimestampRange deletes all cells whose columns are family:column and whose timestamps are in the half-open interval [start, end). If end is zero, it will be interpreted as infinity. The timestamps will be truncated to millisecond granularity.

func (*Mutation) Set 

func (m *Mutation) Set(family, column string, ts Timestamp, value []byte)

Set sets a value in a specified column, with the given timestamp. The timestamp will be truncated to millisecond granularity. A timestamp of ServerTime means to use the server timestamp.

type ReadItem 

type ReadItem struct {
	Row, Column string
	Timestamp   Timestamp
	Value       []byte
}

A ReadItem is returned by Read. A ReadItem contains data from a specific row and column.

type ReadModifyWrite 

type ReadModifyWrite struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

ReadModifyWrite represents a set of operations on a single row of a table. It is like Mutation but for non-idempotent changes. When applied, these operations operate on the latest values of the row's cells, and result in a new value being written to the relevant cell with a timestamp that is max(existing timestamp, current server time).

The application of a ReadModifyWrite is atomic; concurrent ReadModifyWrites will be executed serially by the server.

func NewReadModifyWrite 

func NewReadModifyWrite() *ReadModifyWrite

NewReadModifyWrite returns a new ReadModifyWrite.

func (*ReadModifyWrite) AppendValue 

func (m *ReadModifyWrite) AppendValue(family, column string, v []byte)

AppendValue appends a value to a specific cell's value. If the cell is unset, it will be treated as an empty value.

func (*ReadModifyWrite) Increment 

func (m *ReadModifyWrite) Increment(family, column string, delta int64)

Increment interprets the value in a specific cell as a 64-bit big-endian signed integer, and adds a value to it. If the cell is unset, it will be treated as zero. If the cell is set and is not an 8-byte value, the entire ApplyReadModifyWrite operation will fail.

type ReadOption 

type ReadOption interface {
	// contains filtered or unexported methods
}

A ReadOption is an optional argument to ReadRows.

func LimitRows 

func LimitRows(limit int64) ReadOption

LimitRows returns a ReadOption that will limit the number of rows to be read.

func RowFilter 

func RowFilter(f Filter) ReadOption

RowFilter returns a ReadOption that applies f to the contents of read rows.

type Row 

type Row map[string][]ReadItem

A Row is returned by ReadRows. The map is keyed by column family (the prefix of the column name before the colon). The values are the returned ReadItems for that column family in the order returned by Read.

func (Row) Key 

func (r Row) Key() string

Key returns the row's key, or "" if the row is empty.

type RowList 

type RowList []string

RowList is a sequence of row keys.

type RowRange 

type RowRange struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

A RowRange is a half-open interval [Start, Limit) encompassing all the rows with keys at least as large as Start, and less than Limit. (Bigtable string comparison is the same as Go's.) A RowRange can be unbounded, encompassing all keys at least as large as Start.

func InfiniteRange 

func InfiniteRange(start string) RowRange

InfiniteRange returns the RowRange consisting of all keys at least as large as start.

func NewRange 

func NewRange(begin, end string) RowRange

NewRange returns the new RowRange [begin, end).

func PrefixRange 

func PrefixRange(prefix string) RowRange

PrefixRange returns a RowRange consisting of all keys starting with the prefix.

func (RowRange) Contains 

func (r RowRange) Contains(row string) bool

Contains says whether the RowRange contains the key.

func (RowRange) String 

func (r RowRange) String() string

String provides a printable description of a RowRange.

func (RowRange) Unbounded 

func (r RowRange) Unbounded() bool

Unbounded tests whether a RowRange is unbounded.

type RowRangeList 

type RowRangeList []RowRange

RowRangeList is a sequence of RowRanges representing the union of the ranges.

type RowSet 

type RowSet interface {
	// contains filtered or unexported methods
}

RowSet is a set of rows to be read. It is satisfied by RowList, RowRange and RowRangeList.

func SingleRow 

func SingleRow(row string) RowSet

SingleRow returns a RowSet for reading a single row.

type StorageType 

type StorageType int

StorageType is the type of storage used for all tables in an instance 

const (
	SSD StorageType = iota
	HDD
)

type Table 

type Table struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

A Table refers to a table.

A Table is safe to use concurrently.

func (*Table) Apply 

func (t *Table) Apply(ctx context.Context, row string, m *Mutation, opts ...ApplyOption) error

Apply applies a Mutation to a specific row.

func (*Table) ApplyBulk 

func (t *Table) ApplyBulk(ctx context.Context, rowKeys []string, muts []*Mutation, opts ...ApplyOption) ([]error, error)

ApplyBulk applies multiple Mutations. Each mutation is individually applied atomically, but the set of mutations may be applied in any order.

Two types of failures may occur. If the entire process fails, (nil, err) will be returned. If specific mutations fail to apply, ([]err, nil) will be returned, and the errors will correspond to the relevant rowKeys/muts arguments.

Conditional mutations cannot be applied in bulk and providing one will result in an error.

func (*Table) ApplyReadModifyWrite 

func (t *Table) ApplyReadModifyWrite(ctx context.Context, row string, m *ReadModifyWrite) (Row, error)

ApplyReadModifyWrite applies a ReadModifyWrite to a specific row. It returns the newly written cells.

func (*Table) ReadRow 

func (t *Table) ReadRow(ctx context.Context, row string, opts ...ReadOption) (Row, error)

ReadRow is a convenience implementation of a single-row reader. A missing row will return a zero-length map and a nil error.

func (*Table) ReadRows 

func (t *Table) ReadRows(ctx context.Context, arg RowSet, f func(Row) bool, opts ...ReadOption) error

ReadRows reads rows from a table. f is called for each row. If f returns false, the stream is shut down and ReadRows returns. f owns its argument, and f is called serially in order by row key.

By default, the yielded rows will contain all values in all cells. Use RowFilter to limit the cells returned.

type TableInfo 

type TableInfo struct {
	Families []string
}

TableInfo represents information about a table.

type Timestamp 

type Timestamp int64

Timestamp is in units of microseconds since 1 January 1970. 

const ServerTime Timestamp = -1

ServerTime is a specific Timestamp that may be passed to (*Mutation).Set. It indicates that the server's timestamp should be used.

func Now 

func Now() Timestamp

Now returns the Timestamp representation of the current time on the client.

func Time 

func Time(t time.Time) Timestamp

Time converts a time.Time into a Timestamp.

func (Timestamp) Time 

func (ts Timestamp) Time() time.Time

Time converts a Timestamp into a time.Time.

func (Timestamp) TruncateToMilliseconds 

func (ts Timestamp) TruncateToMilliseconds() Timestamp

TruncateToMilliseconds truncates a Timestamp to millisecond granularity, which is currently the only granularity supported.

Source Files

View all Source files

Directories

Path Synopsis
Package bttest contains test helpers for working with the bigtable package.
 Package bttest contains test helpers for working with the bigtable package.
cmd
cbt
Cbt is a tool for doing basic interactions with Cloud Bigtable.
 Cbt is a tool for doing basic interactions with Cloud Bigtable.
emulator
cbtemulator launches the in-memory Cloud Bigtable server on the given address.
 cbtemulator launches the in-memory Cloud Bigtable server on the given address.
loadtest
Loadtest does some load testing through the Go client library for Cloud Bigtable.
 Loadtest does some load testing through the Go client library for Cloud Bigtable.
scantest
Scantest does scan-related load testing against Cloud Bigtable.
 Scantest does scan-related load testing against Cloud Bigtable.
internal
cbtconfig
Package cbtconfig encapsulates common code for reading configuration from .cbtrc and gcloud.
 Package cbtconfig encapsulates common code for reading configuration from .cbtrc and gcloud.
gax
This is ia snapshot from github.com/googleapis/gax-go with minor modifications.
 This is ia snapshot from github.com/googleapis/gax-go with minor modifications.
option
Package option contains common code for dealing with client options.
 Package option contains common code for dealing with client options.
stat

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