problem0230

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230. Kth Smallest Element in a BST

题目

Given a binary search tree, write a function kthSmallest to find the kth smallest element in it.

Note: You may assume k is always valid, 1 ≤ k ≤ BST's total elements.

Follow up: What if the BST is modified (insert/delete operations) often and you need to find the kth smallest frequently? How would you optimize the kthSmallest routine?

解题思路

以下是BST的性质：

1. 若任意节点的左子树不空，则左子树上所有节点的值均小于它的根节点的值；
2. 若任意节点的右子树不空，则右子树上所有节点的值均大于它的根节点的值；
3. 任意节点的左、右子树也分别为二叉查找树；
4. 没有键值相等的节点。

见程序注释

Documentation

Index

• type TreeNode

Types

type TreeNode

type TreeNode = kit.TreeNode