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Published: Dec 11, 2024 License: MIT Imports: 0 Imported by: 0

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1208. Get Equal Substrings Within Budget

题目

You are given two strings s and t of the same length. You want to change s to t. Changing the i-th character of s to i-th character of t costs |s[i] - t[i]| that is, the absolute difference between the ASCII values of the characters.

You are also given an integer maxCost.

Return the maximum length of a substring of s that can be changed to be the same as the corresponding substring of twith a cost less than or equal to maxCost.

If there is no substring from s that can be changed to its corresponding substring from t, return 0.

Example 1:

Input: s = "abcd", t = "bcdf", maxCost = 3
Output: 3
Explanation: "abc" of s can change to "bcd". That costs 3, so the maximum length is 3.

Example 2:

Input: s = "abcd", t = "cdef", maxCost = 3
Output: 1
Explanation: Each character in s costs 2 to change to charactor in t, so the maximum length is 1.

Example 3:

Input: s = "abcd", t = "acde", maxCost = 0
Output: 1
Explanation: You can't make any change, so the maximum length is 1.

Constraints:

  • 1 <= s.length, t.length <= 10^5
  • 0 <= maxCost <= 10^6
  • s and t only contain lower case English letters.

题目大意

给你两个长度相同的字符串,s 和 t。将 s 中的第 i 个字符变到 t 中的第 i 个字符需要 |s[i] - t[i]| 的开销(开销可能为 0),也就是两个字符的 ASCII 码值的差的绝对值。

用于变更字符串的最大预算是 maxCost。在转化字符串时,总开销应当小于等于该预算,这也意味着字符串的转化可能是不完全的。如果你可以将 s 的子字符串转化为它在 t 中对应的子字符串,则返回可以转化的最大长度。如果 s 中没有子字符串可以转化成 t 中对应的子字符串,则返回 0。

提示:

  • 1 <= s.length, t.length <= 10^5
  • 0 <= maxCost <= 10^6
  • s 和 t 都只含小写英文字母。

解题思路

  • 给出 2 个字符串 st 和一个“预算”,要求把“预算”尽可能的花完,s 中最多连续有几个字母能变成 t 中的字母。“预算”的定义是:|s[i] - t[i]| 。
  • 这一题是滑动窗口的题目,滑动窗口右边界每移动一格,就减少一定的预算,直到预算不能减少,再移动滑动窗口的左边界,这个时候注意要把预算还原回去。当整个窗口把字符 st 都滑动完了的时候,取出滑动过程中窗口的最大值即为结果。

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