leetcode

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Published: Apr 8, 2023 License: MIT Imports: 0 Imported by: 0

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239. Sliding Window Maximum

题目

Given an array nums, there is a sliding window of size k which is moving from the very left of the array to the very right. You can only see the k numbers in the window. Each time the sliding window moves right by one position. Return the max sliding window.

Example:

Input: nums = [1,3,-1,-3,5,3,6,7], and k = 3
Output: [3,3,5,5,6,7] 
Explanation: 

Window position                Max
---------------               -----
[1  3  -1] -3  5  3  6  7       3
 1 [3  -1  -3] 5  3  6  7       3
 1  3 [-1  -3  5] 3  6  7       5
 1  3  -1 [-3  5  3] 6  7       5
 1  3  -1  -3 [5  3  6] 7       6
 1  3  -1  -3  5 [3  6  7]      7

Note:

You may assume k is always valid, 1 ≤ k ≤ input array's size for non-empty array.

Follow up:

Could you solve it in linear time?

题目大意

给定一个数组 nums,有一个大小为 k 的滑动窗口从数组的最左侧移动到数组的最右侧。你只可以看到在滑动窗口 k 内的数字。滑动窗口每次只向右移动一位。返回滑动窗口最大值。

解题思路

  • 给定一个数组和一个窗口为 K 的窗口,当窗口从数组的左边滑动到数组右边的时候,输出每次移动窗口以后,在窗口内的最大值。
  • 这道题最暴力的方法就是 2 层循环,时间复杂度 O(n * K)。
  • 另一种思路是用优先队列,每次窗口以后的时候都向优先队列里面新增一个节点,并删除一个节点。时间复杂度是 O(n * log n)
  • 最优的解法是用双端队列,队列的一边永远都存的是窗口的最大值,队列的另外一个边存的是比最大值小的值。队列中最大值左边的所有值都出队。在保证了双端队列的一边即是最大值以后,时间复杂度是 O(n),空间复杂度是 O(K)

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