Documentation
¶
Overview ¶
Package httputil provides HTTP utility functions, complementing the more common ones in the net/http package.
Index ¶
- Variables
- func DumpRequest(req *http.Request, body bool) ([]byte, error)
- func DumpRequestOut(req *http.Request, body bool) ([]byte, error)
- func DumpResponse(resp *http.Response, body bool) ([]byte, error)
- func NewChunkedReader(r io.Reader) io.Reader
- func NewChunkedWriter(w io.Writer) io.WriteCloser
- type BufferPool
- type ClientConndeprecated
- func (cc *ClientConn) Close() error
- func (cc *ClientConn) Do(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error)
- func (cc *ClientConn) Hijack() (c net.Conn, r *bufio.Reader)
- func (cc *ClientConn) Pending() int
- func (cc *ClientConn) Read(req *http.Request) (resp *http.Response, err error)
- func (cc *ClientConn) Write(req *http.Request) error
- type ReverseProxy
- type ServerConndeprecated
Examples ¶
Constants ¶
This section is empty.
Variables ¶
var ( // Deprecated: No longer used. ErrPersistEOF = &http.ProtocolError{ErrorString: "persistent connection closed"} // Deprecated: No longer used. ErrClosed = &http.ProtocolError{ErrorString: "connection closed by user"} // Deprecated: No longer used. ErrPipeline = &http.ProtocolError{ErrorString: "pipeline error"} )
var ErrLineTooLong = internal.ErrLineTooLong
ErrLineTooLong is returned when reading malformed chunked data with lines that are too long.
Functions ¶
func DumpRequest ¶
DumpRequest returns the given request in its HTTP/1.x wire representation. It should only be used by servers to debug client requests. The returned representation is an approximation only; some details of the initial request are lost while parsing it into an http.Request. In particular, the order and case of header field names are lost. The order of values in multi-valued headers is kept intact. HTTP/2 requests are dumped in HTTP/1.x form, not in their original binary representations.
If body is true, DumpRequest also returns the body. To do so, it consumes req.Body and then replaces it with a new io.ReadCloser that yields the same bytes. If DumpRequest returns an error, the state of req is undefined.
The documentation for http.Request.Write details which fields of req are included in the dump.
Example ¶
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"net/http"
"net/http/httptest"
"net/http/httputil"
"strings"
)
func main() {
ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
dump, err := httputil.DumpRequest(r, true)
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, fmt.Sprint(err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
return
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "%q", dump)
}))
defer ts.Close()
const body = "Go is a general-purpose language designed with systems programming in mind."
req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", ts.URL, strings.NewReader(body))
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
req.Host = "www.example.org"
resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
b, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s", b)
}
Output: "POST / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.example.org\r\nAccept-Encoding: gzip\r\nContent-Length: 75\r\nUser-Agent: Go-http-client/1.1\r\n\r\nGo is a general-purpose language designed with systems programming in mind."
func DumpRequestOut ¶
DumpRequestOut is like DumpRequest but for outgoing client requests. It includes any headers that the standard http.Transport adds, such as User-Agent.
Example ¶
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
"net/http/httputil"
"strings"
)
func main() {
const body = "Go is a general-purpose language designed with systems programming in mind."
req, err := http.NewRequest("PUT", "http://www.example.org", strings.NewReader(body))
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
dump, err := httputil.DumpRequestOut(req, true)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%q", dump)
}
Output: "PUT / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.example.org\r\nUser-Agent: Go-http-client/1.1\r\nContent-Length: 75\r\nAccept-Encoding: gzip\r\n\r\nGo is a general-purpose language designed with systems programming in mind."
func DumpResponse ¶
DumpResponse is like DumpRequest but dumps a response.
Example ¶
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
"net/http/httptest"
"net/http/httputil"
)
func main() {
const body = "Go is a general-purpose language designed with systems programming in mind."
ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Header().Set("Date", "Wed, 19 Jul 1972 19:00:00 GMT")
fmt.Fprintln(w, body)
}))
defer ts.Close()
resp, err := http.Get(ts.URL)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
dump, err := httputil.DumpResponse(resp, true)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%q", dump)
}
Output: "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 76\r\nContent-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\r\nDate: Wed, 19 Jul 1972 19:00:00 GMT\r\n\r\nGo is a general-purpose language designed with systems programming in mind.\n"
func NewChunkedReader ¶
NewChunkedReader returns a new chunkedReader that translates the data read from r out of HTTP "chunked" format before returning it. The chunkedReader returns io.EOF when the final 0-length chunk is read.
NewChunkedReader is not needed by normal applications. The http package automatically decodes chunking when reading response bodies.
func NewChunkedWriter ¶
func NewChunkedWriter(w io.Writer) io.WriteCloser
NewChunkedWriter returns a new chunkedWriter that translates writes into HTTP "chunked" format before writing them to w. Closing the returned chunkedWriter sends the final 0-length chunk that marks the end of the stream but does not send the final CRLF that appears after trailers; trailers and the last CRLF must be written separately.
NewChunkedWriter is not needed by normal applications. The http package adds chunking automatically if handlers don't set a Content-Length header. Using NewChunkedWriter inside a handler would result in double chunking or chunking with a Content-Length length, both of which are wrong.
Types ¶
type BufferPool ¶
A BufferPool is an interface for getting and returning temporary byte slices for use by io.CopyBuffer.
type ClientConn
deprecated
type ClientConn struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
ClientConn is an artifact of Go's early HTTP implementation. It is low-level, old, and unused by Go's current HTTP stack. We should have deleted it before Go 1.
Deprecated: Use Client or Transport in package net/http instead.
func NewClientConn
deprecated
func NewClientConn(c net.Conn, r *bufio.Reader) *ClientConn
NewClientConn is an artifact of Go's early HTTP implementation. It is low-level, old, and unused by Go's current HTTP stack. We should have deleted it before Go 1.
Deprecated: Use the Client or Transport in package net/http instead.
func NewProxyClientConn
deprecated
func NewProxyClientConn(c net.Conn, r *bufio.Reader) *ClientConn
NewProxyClientConn is an artifact of Go's early HTTP implementation. It is low-level, old, and unused by Go's current HTTP stack. We should have deleted it before Go 1.
Deprecated: Use the Client or Transport in package net/http instead.
func (*ClientConn) Close ¶
func (cc *ClientConn) Close() error
Close calls Hijack and then also closes the underlying connection.
func (*ClientConn) Hijack ¶
func (cc *ClientConn) Hijack() (c net.Conn, r *bufio.Reader)
Hijack detaches the ClientConn and returns the underlying connection as well as the read-side bufio which may have some left over data. Hijack may be called before the user or Read have signaled the end of the keep-alive logic. The user should not call Hijack while Read or Write is in progress.
func (*ClientConn) Pending ¶
func (cc *ClientConn) Pending() int
Pending returns the number of unanswered requests that have been sent on the connection.
func (*ClientConn) Read ¶
Read reads the next response from the wire. A valid response might be returned together with an ErrPersistEOF, which means that the remote requested that this be the last request serviced. Read can be called concurrently with Write, but not with another Read.
func (*ClientConn) Write ¶
func (cc *ClientConn) Write(req *http.Request) error
Write writes a request. An ErrPersistEOF error is returned if the connection has been closed in an HTTP keep-alive sense. If req.Close equals true, the keep-alive connection is logically closed after this request and the opposing server is informed. An ErrUnexpectedEOF indicates the remote closed the underlying TCP connection, which is usually considered as graceful close.
type ReverseProxy ¶
type ReverseProxy struct {
// Director must be a function which modifies
// the request into a new request to be sent
// using Transport. Its response is then copied
// back to the original client unmodified.
// Director must not access the provided Request
// after returning.
Director func(*http.Request)
// The transport used to perform proxy requests.
// If nil, http.DefaultTransport is used.
Transport http.RoundTripper
// FlushInterval specifies the flush interval
// to flush to the client while copying the
// response body.
// If zero, no periodic flushing is done.
// A negative value means to flush immediately
// after each write to the client.
// The FlushInterval is ignored when ReverseProxy
// recognizes a response as a streaming response, or
// if its ContentLength is -1; for such responses, writes
// are flushed to the client immediately.
FlushInterval time.Duration
// ErrorLog specifies an optional logger for errors
// that occur when attempting to proxy the request.
// If nil, logging is done via the log package's standard logger.
ErrorLog *log.Logger
// BufferPool optionally specifies a buffer pool to
// get byte slices for use by io.CopyBuffer when
// copying HTTP response bodies.
BufferPool BufferPool
// ModifyResponse is an optional function that modifies the
// Response from the backend. It is called if the backend
// returns a response at all, with any HTTP status code.
// If the backend is unreachable, the optional ErrorHandler is
// called without any call to ModifyResponse.
//
// If ModifyResponse returns an error, ErrorHandler is called
// with its error value. If ErrorHandler is nil, its default
// implementation is used.
ModifyResponse func(*http.Response) error
// ErrorHandler is an optional function that handles errors
// reaching the backend or errors from ModifyResponse.
//
// If nil, the default is to log the provided error and return
// a 502 Status Bad Gateway response.
ErrorHandler func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request, error)
}
ReverseProxy is an HTTP Handler that takes an incoming request and sends it to another server, proxying the response back to the client.
ReverseProxy by default sets the client IP as the value of the X-Forwarded-For header.
If an X-Forwarded-For header already exists, the client IP is appended to the existing values. As a special case, if the header exists in the Request.Header map but has a nil value (such as when set by the Director func), the X-Forwarded-For header is not modified.
To prevent IP spoofing, be sure to delete any pre-existing X-Forwarded-For header coming from the client or an untrusted proxy.
Example ¶
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"net/http"
"net/http/httptest"
"net/http/httputil"
"net/url"
)
func main() {
backendServer := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprintln(w, "this call was relayed by the reverse proxy")
}))
defer backendServer.Close()
rpURL, err := url.Parse(backendServer.URL)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
frontendProxy := httptest.NewServer(httputil.NewSingleHostReverseProxy(rpURL))
defer frontendProxy.Close()
resp, err := http.Get(frontendProxy.URL)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
b, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s", b)
}
Output: this call was relayed by the reverse proxy
func NewSingleHostReverseProxy ¶
func NewSingleHostReverseProxy(target *url.URL) *ReverseProxy
NewSingleHostReverseProxy returns a new ReverseProxy that routes URLs to the scheme, host, and base path provided in target. If the target's path is "/base" and the incoming request was for "/dir", the target request will be for /base/dir. NewSingleHostReverseProxy does not rewrite the Host header. To rewrite Host headers, use ReverseProxy directly with a custom Director policy.
func (*ReverseProxy) ServeHTTP ¶
func (p *ReverseProxy) ServeHTTP(rw http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request)
type ServerConn
deprecated
type ServerConn struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
ServerConn is an artifact of Go's early HTTP implementation. It is low-level, old, and unused by Go's current HTTP stack. We should have deleted it before Go 1.
Deprecated: Use the Server in package net/http instead.
func NewServerConn
deprecated
func NewServerConn(c net.Conn, r *bufio.Reader) *ServerConn
NewServerConn is an artifact of Go's early HTTP implementation. It is low-level, old, and unused by Go's current HTTP stack. We should have deleted it before Go 1.
Deprecated: Use the Server in package net/http instead.
func (*ServerConn) Close ¶
func (sc *ServerConn) Close() error
Close calls Hijack and then also closes the underlying connection.
func (*ServerConn) Hijack ¶
func (sc *ServerConn) Hijack() (net.Conn, *bufio.Reader)
Hijack detaches the ServerConn and returns the underlying connection as well as the read-side bufio which may have some left over data. Hijack may be called before Read has signaled the end of the keep-alive logic. The user should not call Hijack while Read or Write is in progress.
func (*ServerConn) Pending ¶
func (sc *ServerConn) Pending() int
Pending returns the number of unanswered requests that have been received on the connection.
func (*ServerConn) Read ¶
func (sc *ServerConn) Read() (*http.Request, error)
Read returns the next request on the wire. An ErrPersistEOF is returned if it is gracefully determined that there are no more requests (e.g. after the first request on an HTTP/1.0 connection, or after a Connection:close on a HTTP/1.1 connection).
Source Files