gizmo

README

Gizmo Microservice Toolkit

This toolkit provides packages to put together server and pubsub daemons with the following features:

• standardized configuration and logging
• health check endpoints with configurable strategies
• configuration for managing pprof endpoints and log levels
• structured logging containing basic request information
• useful metrics for endpoints
• graceful shutdowns
• basic interfaces to define our expectations and vocabulary

In this toolkit, you will find:

The config packages

The config package contains a handful of useful functions to load to configuration structs from JSON files, JSON blobs in Consul k/v or environment variables.

The subpackages contain structs meant for managing common configuration options and credentials. There are currently configs for:

• Go Kit Metrics
• MySQL
• MongoDB
• Oracle
• PostgreSQL
• AWS (S3, DynamoDB, ElastiCache)
• GCP
• Gorilla's securecookie

The package also has a generic Config type in the config/combined subpackage that contains all of the above types. It's meant to be a 'catch all' convenience struct that many applications should be able to use.

The server package

This package is the bulk of the toolkit and relies on server.Config for any managing Server implementations. A server must implement the following interface:

// Server is the basic interface that defines what expect from any server.
type Server interface {
    Register(Service) error
    Start() error
    Stop() error
}

The package offers 2 server implementations:

SimpleServer, which is capable of handling basic HTTP and JSON requests via 5 of the available Service implementations: SimpleService, JSONService, ContextService, MixedService and a MixedContextService. A service and these implementations will be defined below.

RPCServer, which is capable of serving a gRPC server on one port and JSON endpoints on another. This kind of server can only handle the RPCService implementation.

The Service interface is minimal to allow for maximum flexibility:

type Service interface {
    Prefix() string

    // Middleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware.
    Middleware(http.Handler) http.Handler
}

The 5 service types that are accepted and hostable on the SimpleServer:

type SimpleService interface {
    Service

    // router - method - func
    Endpoints() map[string]map[string]http.HandlerFunc
}

type JSONService interface {
    Service

    // Ensure that the route syntax is compatible with the router
    // implementation chosen in cfg.RouterType.
    // route - method - func
    JSONEndpoints() map[string]map[string]JSONEndpoint
    // JSONMiddleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware around JSONEndpoints.
    JSONMiddleware(JSONEndpoint) JSONEndpoint
}

type MixedService interface {
    Service

    // route - method - func
    Endpoints() map[string]map[string]http.HandlerFunc

    // Ensure that the route syntax is compatible with the router
    // implementation chosen in cfg.RouterType.
    // route - method - func
    JSONEndpoints() map[string]map[string]JSONEndpoint
    // JSONMiddleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware around JSONEndpoints.
    JSONMiddleware(JSONEndpoint) JSONEndpoint
}

type ContextService interface {
	Service

	// route - method - func
	ContextEndpoints() map[string]map[string]ContextHandlerFunc
	// ContextMiddleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware around ContextHandler
	ContextMiddleware(ContextHandler) ContextHandler
}

type MixedContextService interface {
	ContextService

	// route - method - func
	JSONEndpoints() map[string]map[string]JSONContextEndpoint
	JSONContextMiddleware(JSONContextEndpoint) JSONContextEndpoint
}

Where JSONEndpoint, JSONContextEndpoint, ContextHandler and ContextHandlerFunc are defined as:

type JSONEndpoint func(*http.Request) (int, interface{}, error)

type JSONContextEndpoint func(context.Context, *http.Request) (int, interface{}, error)

type ContextHandler interface {
	ServeHTTPContext(context.Context, http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)
}

type ContextHandlerFunc func(context.Context, http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)

Also, the one service type that works with an RPCServer:

type RPCService interface {
    ContextService

    Service() (grpc.ServiceDesc, interface{})

    // Ensure that the route syntax is compatible with the router
    // implementation chosen in cfg.RouterType.
    // route - method - func
    JSONEndpoints() map[string]map[string]JSONContextEndpoint
    // JSONMiddleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware around JSONContextEndpoints.
    JSONMiddlware(JSONContextEndpoint) JSONContextEndpoint
}

The Middleware(..) functions offer each service a 'hook' to wrap each of its endpoints. This may be handy for adding additional headers or context to the request. This is also the point where other, third-party middleware could be easily plugged in (i.e. oauth, tracing, metrics, logging, etc.)

The pubsub packages

The base pubsub package contains three generic interfaces for publishing data to queues and subscribing and consuming data from those queues.

// Publisher is a generic interface to encapsulate how we want our publishers
// to behave. Until we find reason to change, we're forcing all publishers
// to emit protobufs.
type Publisher interface {
    // Publish will publish a message.
    Publish(ctx context.Context, key string, msg proto.Message) error
    // Publish will publish a []byte message.
    PublishRaw(ctx context.Context, key string, msg []byte) error
}

// MultiPublisher is an interface for publishers who support sending multiple
// messages in a single request, in addition to individual messages.
type MultiPublisher interface {
    Publisher

	// PublishMulti will publish multiple messages with a context.
	PublishMulti(context.Context, []string, []proto.Message) error
	// PublishMultiRaw will publish multiple raw byte array messages with a context.
	PublishMultiRaw(context.Context, []string, [][]byte) error
}

// Subscriber is a generic interface to encapsulate how we want our subscribers
// to behave. For now the system will auto stop if it encounters any errors. If
// a user encounters a closed channel, they should check the Err() method to see
// what happened.
type Subscriber interface {
    // Start will return a channel of raw messages.
    Start() <-chan SubscriberMessage
    // Err will contain any errors returned from the consumer connection.
    Err() error
    // Stop will initiate a graceful shutdown of the subscriber connection.
    Stop() error
}

Where a SubscriberMessage is an interface that gives implementations a hook for acknowledging/delete messages. Take a look at the docs for each implementation in pubsub to see how they behave.

There are currently major 4 implementations of the pubsub interfaces:

For pubsub via Amazon's SNS/SQS, you can use the pubsub/aws package.

For pubsub via Google's Pubsub, you can use the pubsub/gcp package. This package offers 2 ways of publishing to Google PubSub. gcp.NewPublisher uses the RPC client and gcp.NewHTTPPublisher will publish over plain HTTP, which is useful for the App Engine standard environment.

For pubsub via Kafka topics, you can use the pubsub/kafka package.

For publishing via HTTP, you can use the pubsub/http package.

The MultiPublisher interface is only implemented by pubsub/gcp.

The pubsub/pubsubtest package

This package contains 'test' implementations of the pubsub.Publisher, pubsub.MultiPublisher, and pubsub.Subscriber interfaces that will allow developers to easily mock out and test their pubsub implementations:

type TestPublisher struct {
    // Published will contain a list of all messages that have been published.
    Published []TestPublishMsg

    // GivenError will be returned by the TestPublisher on publish.
    // Good for testing error scenarios.
    GivenError error

    // FoundError will contain any errors encountered while marshalling
    // the protobuf struct.
    FoundError error
}

type TestSubscriber struct {
    // ProtoMessages will be marshalled into []byte  used to mock out
    // a feed if it is populated.
    ProtoMessages []proto.Message

    // JSONMEssages will be marshalled into []byte and used to mock out
    // a feed if it is populated.
    JSONMessages []interface{}

    // GivenErrError will be returned by the TestSubscriber on Err().
    // Good for testing error scenarios.
    GivenErrError error

    // GivenStopError will be returned by the TestSubscriber on Stop().
    // Good for testing error scenarios.
    GivenStopError error

    // FoundError will contain any errors encountered while marshalling
    // the JSON and protobuf struct.
    FoundError error
}

The web package

This package contains a handful of very useful functions for parsing types from request queries and payloads.

Examples

• Several reference implementations utilizing server and pubsub are available in the 'examples' subdirectory.

_{The Gizmo logo was based on the Go mascot designed by Renée French and copyrighted under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license.}

Documentation

Overview

Package gizmo is a toolkit that provides packages to put together server and pubsub daemons with the following features:

• standardized configuration and logging
• health check endpoints with configurable strategies
• configuration for managing pprof endpoints and log levels
• structured logging containing basic request information
• useful metrics for endpoints
• graceful shutdowns
• basic interfaces to define our expectations and vocabulary

## The `config` packages

The `config` package contains a handful of useful functions to load to configuration structs from JSON files, JSON blobs in Consul k/v or environment variables.

The subpackages contain structs meant for managing common configuration options and credentials. There are currently configs for:

• Go Kit Metrics
• MySQL
• MongoDB
• Oracle
• AWS (S3, DynamoDB, ElastiCache)
• GCP
• Gorilla's `securecookie`

The package also has a generic `Config` type in the `config/combined` subpackage that contains all of the above types. It's meant to be a 'catch all' convenience struct that many applications should be able to use. The `server` package

This package is the bulk of the toolkit and relies on `server.Config` for any managing `Server` implementations. A server must implement the following interface:

// Server is the basic interface that defines what expect from any server.
type Server interface {
	Register(Service) error
	Start() error
	Stop() error
}

The package offers 2 server implementations:

`SimpleServer`, which is capable of handling basic HTTP and JSON requests via 3 of the available `Service` implementations: `SimpleService`, `JSONService`, `ContextService`, `MixedService` and `MixedContextService`. A service and these implenetations will be defined below.

`RPCServer`, which is capable of serving a gRPC server on one port and JSON endpoints on another. This kind of server can only handle the `RPCService` implementation.

The `Service` interface is minimal to allow for maximum flexibility:

type Service interface {
	Prefix() string

	// Middleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware
	Middleware(http.Handler) http.Handler
}

The 3 service types that are accepted and hostable on the `SimpleServer`:

type SimpleService interface {
	Service

	// router - method - func
	Endpoints() map[string]map[string]http.HandlerFunc
}

type JSONService interface {
	Service

	// Ensure that the route syntax is compatible with the router
	// implementation chosen in cfg.RouterType.
	// route - method - func
	JSONEndpoints() map[string]map[string]JSONEndpoint
	// JSONMiddleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware around JSONEndpoints.
	JSONMiddleware(JSONEndpoint) JSONEndpoint
}

type MixedService interface {
	Service

	// route - method - func
	Endpoints() map[string]map[string]http.HandlerFunc

	// Ensure that the route syntax is compatible with the router
	// implementation chosen in cfg.RouterType.
	// route - method - func
	JSONEndpoints() map[string]map[string]JSONEndpoint
	// JSONMiddleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware around JSONEndpoints.
	JSONMiddleware(JSONEndpoint) JSONEndpoint
}

type ContextService interface {
	Service

	// route - method - func
	ContextEndpoints() map[string]map[string]ContextHandlerFunc
	// ContextMiddleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware around ContextHandler
	ContextMiddleware(ContextHandler) ContextHandler
}

type MixedContextService interface {
	ContextService

	// route - method - func
	JSONEndpoints() map[string]map[string]JSONContextEndpoint
	JSONContextMiddleware(JSONContextEndpoint) JSONContextEndpoint
}

Where `JSONEndpoint`, `JSONContextEndpoint`, `ContextHandler` and `ContextHandlerFunc` are defined as:

type JSONEndpoint func(*http.Request) (int, interface{}, error)

type JSONContextEndpoint func(context.Context, *http.Request) (int, interface{}, error)

type ContextHandler interface {
	ServeHTTPContext(context.Context, http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)
}

type ContextHandlerFunc func(context.Context, http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)

Also, the one service type that works with an `RPCServer`:

type RPCService interface {
	Service

	Service() (grpc.ServiceDesc, interface{})

	// Ensure that the route syntax is compatible with the router
	// implementation chosen in cfg.RouterType.
	// route - method - func
	JSONEndpoints() map[string]map[string]JSONContextEndpoint
	// JSONMiddleware provides a hook for service-wide middleware around JSONContextEndpoints.
	JSONMiddlware(JSONContextEndpoint) JSONContextEndpoint
}

The `Middleware(..)` functions offer each service a 'hook' to wrap each of its endpoints. This may be handy for adding additional headers or context to the request. This is also the point where other, third-party middleware could be easily be plugged in (ie. oauth, tracing, metrics, logging, etc.)

The `pubsub` package

This package contains two generic interfaces for publishing data to queues and subscribing and consuming data from those queues.

// Publisher is a generic interface to encapsulate how we want our publishers
// to behave. Until we find reason to change, we're forcing all publishers
// to emit protobufs.
type Publisher interface {
	// Publish will publish a message.
	Publish(ctx context.Context, key string, msg proto.Message) error
	// Publish will publish a []byte message.
	PublishRaw(ctx context.Context, key string, msg []byte) error
}

// Subscriber is a generic interface to encapsulate how we want our subscribers
// to behave. For now the system will auto stop if it encounters any errors. If
// a user encounters a closed channel, they should check the Err() method to see
// what happened.
type Subscriber interface {
	// Start will return a channel of raw messages
	Start() <-chan SubscriberMessage
	// Err will contain any errors returned from the consumer connection.
	Err() error
	// Stop will initiate a graceful shutdown of the subscriber connection
	Stop() error
}

Where a `SubscriberMessage` is an interface that gives implementations a hook for acknowledging/delete messages. Take a look at the docs for each implementation in `pubsub` to see how they behave.

There are currently 3 implementations of each type of `pubsub` interfaces:

For pubsub via Amazon's SNS/SQS, you can use the `pubsub/aws` package.

For pubsub via Google's Pubsub, you can use the `pubsub/gcp` package.

For pubsub via Kafka topics, you can use the `pubsub/kafka` package.

For publishing via HTTP, you can use the `pubsub/http` package.

The `pubsub/pubsubtest` package

This package contains 'test' implementations of the `pubsub.Publisher` and `pubsub.Subscriber` interfaces that will allow developers to easily mock out and test their `pubsub` implementations:

type TestPublisher struct {
	// Published will contain a list of all messages that have been published.
	Published []TestPublishMsg

	// GivenError will be returned by the TestPublisher on publish.
	// Good for testing error scenarios.
	GivenError error

	// FoundError will contain any errors encountered while marshalling
	// the protobuf struct.
	FoundError error
}

type TestSubscriber struct {
	// ProtoMessages will be marshalled into []byte  used to mock out
	// a feed if it is populated.
	ProtoMessages []proto.Message

	// JSONMEssages will be marshalled into []byte and used to mock out
	// a feed if it is populated.
	JSONMessages []interface{}

	// GivenErrError will be returned by the TestSubscriber on Err().
	// Good for testing error scenarios.
	GivenErrError error

	// GivenStopError will be returned by the TestSubscriber on Stop().
	// Good for testing error scenarios.
	GivenStopError error

	// FoundError will contain any errors encountered while marshalling
	// the JSON and protobuf struct.
	FoundError error
}

The `web` package

This package contains a handful of very useful functions for parsing types from request queries and payloads.

Examples

For examples of how to use the gizmo `server` and `pubsub` packages, take a look at the 'examples' subdirectory.

The Gizmo logo was based on the Go mascot designed by Renée French and copyrighted under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license.