kubernetes/

README

Comprehensive REGO library for Kubernetes workload configuration checks

Examples:

• Use our REGO policies with tools such as OPA Gatekeeper and Conftest to check kubernetes resources configurations
• Ensure pods and controllers are not running as privileged
• Ensure pods images are hosted in a trusted ECR/GCR/ACR registry
• And more checks to comply with PSP, PSS and additional standards

Quick start

Follow these steps to pull a policy and test Kubernetes workload manifest:

1. Create a directory named "myPolicy" to host all the required rego checks

mkdir myPolicy

1. Download the main library and the desired checks(s) into "myPolicy" directory - in this example we use the "host_ipc" check only

wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/defsec/raw/master/internal/rules/kubernetes/lib/kubernetes.rego
wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/defsec/raw/master/internal/rules/kubernetes/lib/utils.rego
wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/defsec/raw/master/internal/rules/defsec/lib/defsec.rego
wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/defsec/raw/master/internal/rules/kubernetes/policies/pss/baseline/1_host_ipc.rego

1. Download an example of a non-compliant kubernetes deployment (in yaml format)

wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/defsec/raw/master/test/testdata/kubernetes/KSV008/denied.yaml

1. Use any tool that supports REGO to test the example file. In this example we are using conftest

conftest test denied.yaml --policy myPolicy/ --namespace builtin.kubernetes.KSV008

Standards and best practices

This GitHub repository has controls that cover both PodSecurityPolicy (PSP) and the Kubernetes Pod Security Standards (PSS), plus additional best practices.

PSS and PSP

The Kubernetes Pod Security Standards (PSS) are the official standard for security best practices for pods. These standards overlaps with the checks that PodSecurityPolicies can enforce.

PSS has 14 controls that are grouped into three standards: Baseline, Restricted and Privileged. Appshield uses Baseline and Restricted; the Privileged standard specifically allows privileged execution. We named the controls in this repository under the PSS controls because they are more up-to-date and have better coverage than PSP. The below table maps PSS controls to PSP controls:

PSS - Baseline

PSS control	PSP control(s)
1-Host Namespaces	2-Usage of host namespaces. 3-Usage of host networking and ports
2-Privileged Containers	1-Running of privileged containers
3-Capabilities	11-Linux capabilities
4-HostPath Volumes	5-Usage of the host filesystem
5-Host Ports	Not covered in PSP
6-AppArmor (optional)	14-The AppArmor profile used by containers
7-SELinux (optional)	12-The SELinux context of the container
8-/proc Mount Type	13-The Allowed Proc Mount types for the container
9-Sysctls	16-The sysctl profile used by containers

The REGO rules are available here

PSS - Restricted

PSS control	PSP control
1-Volume Types	4-Usage of volume types 6-Allow specific FlexVolume drivers. 8-Requiring the use of a read-only root file system
2-Privilege Escalation	10-Restricting escalation to root privileges
3-Running as Non-root	Not covered in PSP
4-Non-root groups	7-Allocating an FSGroup that owns the Pod's volumes. 9-The user and group IDs of the container
5-Seccomp	15-The seccomp profile used by containers

The REGO rules are available here

Optional best practices

Top Examples:

Best practice	tested field in the manifest
Trust ECR registries only	container(s).image != ECR domain in prefix
Trust ACR registries only	container(s).image != ACR domain in prefix
Trust GCR registries only	container(s).image != GCR domain in prefix
Block public registries	container(s).image != null or docker.io prefix
HostPath volume mounted with docker.sock	hostPath.path != /var/run/docker.sock

Additional REGO rules available here