strings

package
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 Go to latest Published: Mar 19, 2015 License: BSD-3-Clause Imports: 4 Imported by: 0

Documentation

Overview

Package strings implements simple functions to manipulate strings.

Index

Examples

Constants

This section is empty.

Variables

This section is empty.

Functions

func Compare 

func Compare(a, b string) int

Compare returns an integer comparing two strings lexicographically. The result will be 0 if a==b, -1 if a < b, and +1 if a > b.

Compare is included only for symmetry with package bytes. It is usually clearer and always faster to use the built-in string comparison operators ==, <, >, and so on.

func Contains 

func Contains(s, substr string) bool

Contains reports whether substr is within s.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.Contains("seafood", "foo"))
	fmt.Println(strings.Contains("seafood", "bar"))
	fmt.Println(strings.Contains("seafood", ""))
	fmt.Println(strings.Contains("", ""))
}

Output:

true
false
true
true

func ContainsAny 

func ContainsAny(s, chars string) bool

ContainsAny reports whether any Unicode code points in chars are within s.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.ContainsAny("team", "i"))
	fmt.Println(strings.ContainsAny("failure", "u & i"))
	fmt.Println(strings.ContainsAny("foo", ""))
	fmt.Println(strings.ContainsAny("", ""))
}

Output:

false
true
false
false

func ContainsRune 

func ContainsRune(s string, r rune) bool

ContainsRune reports whether the Unicode code point r is within s.

func Count 

func Count(s, sep string) int

Count counts the number of non-overlapping instances of sep in s. If sep is an empty string, Count returns 1 + the number of Unicode code points in s.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.Count("cheese", "e"))
	fmt.Println(strings.Count("five", "")) // before & after each rune
}

Output:

3
5

func EqualFold 

func EqualFold(s, t string) bool

EqualFold reports whether s and t, interpreted as UTF-8 strings, are equal under Unicode case-folding.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.EqualFold("Go", "go"))
}

Output:

true

func Fields 

func Fields(s string) []string

Fields splits the string s around each instance of one or more consecutive white space characters, as defined by unicode.IsSpace, returning an array of substrings of s or an empty list if s contains only white space.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Printf("Fields are: %q", strings.Fields("  foo bar  baz   "))
}

Output:

Fields are: ["foo" "bar" "baz"]

func FieldsFunc 

func FieldsFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) []string

FieldsFunc splits the string s at each run of Unicode code points c satisfying f(c) and returns an array of slices of s. If all code points in s satisfy f(c) or the string is empty, an empty slice is returned. FieldsFunc makes no guarantees about the order in which it calls f(c). If f does not return consistent results for a given c, FieldsFunc may crash.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
	"unicode"
)

func main() {
	f := func(c rune) bool {
		return !unicode.IsLetter(c) && !unicode.IsNumber(c)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Fields are: %q", strings.FieldsFunc("  foo1;bar2,baz3...", f))
}

Output:

Fields are: ["foo1" "bar2" "baz3"]

func HasPrefix 

func HasPrefix(s, prefix string) bool

HasPrefix tests whether the string s begins with prefix.

func HasSuffix 

func HasSuffix(s, suffix string) bool

HasSuffix tests whether the string s ends with suffix.

func Index 

func Index(s, sep string) int

Index returns the index of the first instance of sep in s, or -1 if sep is not present in s.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.Index("chicken", "ken"))
	fmt.Println(strings.Index("chicken", "dmr"))
}

Output:

4
-1

func IndexAny 

func IndexAny(s, chars string) int

IndexAny returns the index of the first instance of any Unicode code point from chars in s, or -1 if no Unicode code point from chars is present in s.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.IndexAny("chicken", "aeiouy"))
	fmt.Println(strings.IndexAny("crwth", "aeiouy"))
}

Output:

2
-1

func IndexByte 

func IndexByte(s string, c byte) int

IndexByte returns the index of the first instance of c in s, or -1 if c is not present in s.

func IndexFunc 

func IndexFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) int

IndexFunc returns the index into s of the first Unicode code point satisfying f(c), or -1 if none do.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
	"unicode"
)

func main() {
	f := func(c rune) bool {
		return unicode.Is(unicode.Han, c)
	}
	fmt.Println(strings.IndexFunc("Hello, 世界", f))
	fmt.Println(strings.IndexFunc("Hello, world", f))
}

Output:

7
-1

func IndexRune 

func IndexRune(s string, r rune) int

IndexRune returns the index of the first instance of the Unicode code point r, or -1 if rune is not present in s.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.IndexRune("chicken", 'k'))
	fmt.Println(strings.IndexRune("chicken", 'd'))
}

Output:

4
-1

func Join 

func Join(a []string, sep string) string

Join concatenates the elements of a to create a single string. The separator string sep is placed between elements in the resulting string.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	s := []string{"foo", "bar", "baz"}
	fmt.Println(strings.Join(s, ", "))
}

Output:

foo, bar, baz

func LastIndex 

func LastIndex(s, sep string) int

LastIndex returns the index of the last instance of sep in s, or -1 if sep is not present in s.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.Index("go gopher", "go"))
	fmt.Println(strings.LastIndex("go gopher", "go"))
	fmt.Println(strings.LastIndex("go gopher", "rodent"))
}

Output:

0
3
-1

func LastIndexAny 

func LastIndexAny(s, chars string) int

LastIndexAny returns the index of the last instance of any Unicode code point from chars in s, or -1 if no Unicode code point from chars is present in s.

func LastIndexFunc 

func LastIndexFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) int

LastIndexFunc returns the index into s of the last Unicode code point satisfying f(c), or -1 if none do.

func Map 

func Map(mapping func(rune) rune, s string) string

Map returns a copy of the string s with all its characters modified according to the mapping function. If mapping returns a negative value, the character is dropped from the string with no replacement.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	rot13 := func(r rune) rune {
		switch {
		case r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z':
			return 'A' + (r-'A'+13)%26
		case r >= 'a' && r <= 'z':
			return 'a' + (r-'a'+13)%26
		}
		return r
	}
	fmt.Println(strings.Map(rot13, "'Twas brillig and the slithy gopher..."))
}

Output:

'Gjnf oevyyvt naq gur fyvgul tbcure...

func Repeat 

func Repeat(s string, count int) string

Repeat returns a new string consisting of count copies of the string s.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println("ba" + strings.Repeat("na", 2))
}

Output:

banana

func Replace 

func Replace(s, old, new string, n int) string

Replace returns a copy of the string s with the first n non-overlapping instances of old replaced by new. If old is empty, it matches at the beginning of the string and after each UTF-8 sequence, yielding up to k+1 replacements for a k-rune string. If n < 0, there is no limit on the number of replacements.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.Replace("oink oink oink", "k", "ky", 2))
	fmt.Println(strings.Replace("oink oink oink", "oink", "moo", -1))
}

Output:

oinky oinky oink
moo moo moo

func Split 

func Split(s, sep string) []string

Split slices s into all substrings separated by sep and returns a slice of the substrings between those separators. If sep is empty, Split splits after each UTF-8 sequence. It is equivalent to SplitN with a count of -1.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.Split("a,b,c", ","))
	fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.Split("a man a plan a canal panama", "a "))
	fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.Split(" xyz ", ""))
	fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.Split("", "Bernardo O'Higgins"))
}

Output:

["a" "b" "c"]
["" "man " "plan " "canal panama"]
[" " "x" "y" "z" " "]
[""]

func SplitAfter 

func SplitAfter(s, sep string) []string

SplitAfter slices s into all substrings after each instance of sep and returns a slice of those substrings. If sep is empty, SplitAfter splits after each UTF-8 sequence. It is equivalent to SplitAfterN with a count of -1.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.SplitAfter("a,b,c", ","))
}

Output:

["a," "b," "c"]

func SplitAfterN 

func SplitAfterN(s, sep string, n int) []string

SplitAfterN slices s into substrings after each instance of sep and returns a slice of those substrings. If sep is empty, SplitAfterN splits after each UTF-8 sequence. The count determines the number of substrings to return: 

n > 0: at most n substrings; the last substring will be the unsplit remainder.
n == 0: the result is nil (zero substrings)
n < 0: all substrings
Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.SplitAfterN("a,b,c", ",", 2))
}

Output:

["a," "b,c"]

func SplitN 

func SplitN(s, sep string, n int) []string

SplitN slices s into substrings separated by sep and returns a slice of the substrings between those separators. If sep is empty, SplitN splits after each UTF-8 sequence. The count determines the number of substrings to return: 

n > 0: at most n substrings; the last substring will be the unsplit remainder.
n == 0: the result is nil (zero substrings)
n < 0: all substrings
Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.SplitN("a,b,c", ",", 2))
	z := strings.SplitN("a,b,c", ",", 0)
	fmt.Printf("%q (nil = %v)\n", z, z == nil)
}

Output:

["a" "b,c"]
[] (nil = true)

func Title 

func Title(s string) string

Title returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters that begin words mapped to their title case.

BUG: The rule Title uses for word boundaries does not handle Unicode punctuation properly.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.Title("her royal highness"))
}

Output:

Her Royal Highness

func ToLower 

func ToLower(s string) string

ToLower returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their lower case.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.ToLower("Gopher"))
}

Output:

gopher

func ToLowerSpecial 

func ToLowerSpecial(_case unicode.SpecialCase, s string) string

ToLowerSpecial returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their lower case, giving priority to the special casing rules.

func ToTitle 

func ToTitle(s string) string

ToTitle returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their title case.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.ToTitle("loud noises"))
	fmt.Println(strings.ToTitle("хлеб"))
}

Output:

LOUD NOISES
ХЛЕБ

func ToTitleSpecial 

func ToTitleSpecial(_case unicode.SpecialCase, s string) string

ToTitleSpecial returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their title case, giving priority to the special casing rules.

func ToUpper 

func ToUpper(s string) string

ToUpper returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their upper case.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.ToUpper("Gopher"))
}

Output:

GOPHER

func ToUpperSpecial 

func ToUpperSpecial(_case unicode.SpecialCase, s string) string

ToUpperSpecial returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their upper case, giving priority to the special casing rules.

func Trim 

func Trim(s string, cutset string) string

Trim returns a slice of the string s with all leading and trailing Unicode code points contained in cutset removed.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Printf("[%q]", strings.Trim(" !!! Achtung! Achtung! !!! ", "! "))
}

Output:

["Achtung! Achtung"]

func TrimFunc 

func TrimFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) string

TrimFunc returns a slice of the string s with all leading and trailing Unicode code points c satisfying f(c) removed.

func TrimLeft 

func TrimLeft(s string, cutset string) string

TrimLeft returns a slice of the string s with all leading Unicode code points contained in cutset removed.

func TrimLeftFunc 

func TrimLeftFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) string

TrimLeftFunc returns a slice of the string s with all leading Unicode code points c satisfying f(c) removed.

func TrimPrefix 

func TrimPrefix(s, prefix string) string

TrimPrefix returns s without the provided leading prefix string. If s doesn't start with prefix, s is returned unchanged.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	var s = "Goodbye,, world!"
	s = strings.TrimPrefix(s, "Goodbye,")
	s = strings.TrimPrefix(s, "Howdy,")
	fmt.Print("Hello" + s)
}

Output:

Hello, world!

func TrimRight 

func TrimRight(s string, cutset string) string

TrimRight returns a slice of the string s, with all trailing Unicode code points contained in cutset removed.

func TrimRightFunc 

func TrimRightFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) string

TrimRightFunc returns a slice of the string s with all trailing Unicode code points c satisfying f(c) removed.

func TrimSpace 

func TrimSpace(s string) string

TrimSpace returns a slice of the string s, with all leading and trailing white space removed, as defined by Unicode.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println(strings.TrimSpace(" \t\n a lone gopher \n\t\r\n"))
}

Output:

a lone gopher

func TrimSuffix 

func TrimSuffix(s, suffix string) string

TrimSuffix returns s without the provided trailing suffix string. If s doesn't end with suffix, s is returned unchanged.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	var s = "Hello, goodbye, etc!"
	s = strings.TrimSuffix(s, "goodbye, etc!")
	s = strings.TrimSuffix(s, "planet")
	fmt.Print(s, "world!")
}

Output:

Hello, world!

Types

type Reader 

type Reader struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

A Reader implements the io.Reader, io.ReaderAt, io.Seeker, io.WriterTo, io.ByteScanner, and io.RuneScanner interfaces by reading from a string.

func NewReader 

func NewReader(s string) *Reader

NewReader returns a new Reader reading from s. It is similar to bytes.NewBufferString but more efficient and read-only.

func (*Reader) Len 

func (r *Reader) Len() int

Len returns the number of bytes of the unread portion of the string.

func (*Reader) Read 

func (r *Reader) Read(b []byte) (n int, err error)

func (*Reader) ReadAt 

func (r *Reader) ReadAt(b []byte, off int64) (n int, err error)

func (*Reader) ReadByte 

func (r *Reader) ReadByte() (b byte, err error)

func (*Reader) ReadRune 

func (r *Reader) ReadRune() (ch rune, size int, err error)

func (*Reader) Seek 

func (r *Reader) Seek(offset int64, whence int) (int64, error)

Seek implements the io.Seeker interface.

func (*Reader) UnreadByte 

func (r *Reader) UnreadByte() error

func (*Reader) UnreadRune 

func (r *Reader) UnreadRune() error

func (*Reader) WriteTo 

func (r *Reader) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error)

WriteTo implements the io.WriterTo interface.

type Replacer 

type Replacer struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Replacer replaces a list of strings with replacements. It is safe for concurrent use by multiple goroutines.

func NewReplacer 

func NewReplacer(oldnew ...string) *Replacer

NewReplacer returns a new Replacer from a list of old, new string pairs. Replacements are performed in order, without overlapping matches.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	r := strings.NewReplacer("<", "&lt;", ">", "&gt;")
	fmt.Println(r.Replace("This is <b>HTML</b>!"))
}

Output:

This is &lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;!

func (*Replacer) Replace 

func (r *Replacer) Replace(s string) string

Replace returns a copy of s with all replacements performed.

func (*Replacer) WriteString 

func (r *Replacer) WriteString(w io.Writer, s string) (n int, err error)

WriteString writes s to w with all replacements performed.

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