toml

README

go-toml

Go library for the TOML format.

This library supports TOML version v0.4.0

Features

Go-toml provides the following features for using data parsed from TOML documents:

• Load TOML documents from files and string data
• Easily navigate TOML structure using Tree
• Mashaling and unmarshaling to and from data structures
• Line & column position data for all parsed elements
• Query support similar to JSON-Path
• Syntax errors contain line and column numbers

Import

import "github.com/pelletier/go-toml"

Usage example

Read a TOML document:

config, _ := toml.Load(`
[postgres]
user = "pelletier"
password = "mypassword"`)
// retrieve data directly
user := config.Get("postgres.user").(string)

// or using an intermediate object
postgresConfig := config.Get("postgres").(*toml.Tree)
password := postgresConfig.Get("password").(string)

Or use Unmarshal:

type Postgres struct {
    User     string
    Password string
}
type Config struct {
    Postgres Postgres
}

doc := []byte(`
[Postgres]
User = "pelletier"
Password = "mypassword"`)

config := Config{}
toml.Unmarshal(doc, &config)
fmt.Println("user=", config.Postgres.User)

Or use a query:

// use a query to gather elements without walking the tree
q, _ := query.Compile("$..[user,password]")
results := q.Execute(config)
for ii, item := range results.Values() {
    fmt.Println("Query result %d: %v", ii, item)
}

Documentation

The documentation and additional examples are available at godoc.org.

Tools

Go-toml provides two handy command line tools:

• tomll: Reads TOML files and lint them.

  go install github.com/pelletier/go-toml/cmd/tomll
  tomll --help
  

• tomljson: Reads a TOML file and outputs its JSON representation.

  go install github.com/pelletier/go-toml/cmd/tomljson
  tomljson --help
  

Contribute

Feel free to report bugs and patches using GitHub's pull requests system on pelletier/go-toml. Any feedback would be much appreciated!

Run tests

You have to make sure two kind of tests run:

1. The Go unit tests
2. The TOML examples base

You can run both of them using ./test.sh.

Fuzzing

The script ./fuzz.sh is available to run go-fuzz on go-toml.

Versioning

Go-toml follows Semantic Versioning. The supported version of TOML is indicated at the beginning of this document. The last two major versions of Go are supported (see Go Release Policy).

License

The MIT License (MIT). Read LICENSE.

Documentation

Overview

Package toml is a TOML parser and manipulation library.

This version supports the specification as described in https://github.com/toml-lang/toml/blob/master/versions/en/toml-v0.4.0.md

Marshaling

Go-toml can marshal and unmarshal TOML documents from and to data structures.

TOML document as a tree

Go-toml can operate on a TOML document as a tree. Use one of the Load* functions to parse TOML data and obtain a Tree instance, then one of its methods to manipulate the tree.

JSONPath-like queries

The package github.com/pelletier/go-toml/query implements a system similar to JSONPath to quickly retrieve elements of a TOML document using a single expression. See the package documentation for more information.

Example (Tree)

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	toml "github.com/pelletier/go-toml"
)

func main() {
	config, err := toml.LoadFile("config.toml")

	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("Error ", err.Error())
	} else {
		// retrieve data directly
		user := config.Get("postgres.user").(string)
		password := config.Get("postgres.password").(string)

		// or using an intermediate object
		configTree := config.Get("postgres").(*toml.Tree)
		user = configTree.Get("user").(string)
		password = configTree.Get("password").(string)
		fmt.Println("User is", user, " and password is", password)

		// show where elements are in the file
		fmt.Printf("User position: %v\n", configTree.GetPosition("user"))
		fmt.Printf("Password position: %v\n", configTree.GetPosition("password"))
	}
}

Example (Unmarshal)

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	toml "github.com/pelletier/go-toml"
)

func main() {
	type Employer struct {
		Name  string
		Phone string
	}
	type Person struct {
		Name     string
		Age      int64
		Employer Employer
	}

	document := []byte(`
	name = "John"
	age = 30
	[employer]
		name = "Company Inc."
		phone = "+1 234 567 89012"
	`)

	person := Person{}
	toml.Unmarshal(document, &person)
	fmt.Println(person.Name, "is", person.Age, "and works at", person.Employer.Name)
}

Output:

John is 30 and works at Company Inc.

Index

• func Marshal(v interface{}) ([]byte, error)
• func Unmarshal(data []byte, v interface{}) error
• type Decoder
  • func NewDecoder(r io.Reader) *Decoder
  • func (d *Decoder) Decode(v interface{}) error
• type Encoder
  • func NewEncoder(w io.Writer) *Encoder
  • func (e *Encoder) ArraysWithOneElementPerLine(v bool) *Encoder
  • func (e *Encoder) Encode(v interface{}) error
  • func (e *Encoder) QuoteMapKeys(v bool) *Encoder
• type Marshaler
• type Position
  • func (p Position) Invalid() bool
  • func (p Position) String() string
• type SetOptions
• type Tree
  • func Load(content string) (tree *Tree, err error)
  • func LoadBytes(b []byte) (tree *Tree, err error)
  • func LoadFile(path string) (tree *Tree, err error)
  • func LoadReader(reader io.Reader) (tree *Tree, err error)
  • func TreeFromMap(m map[string]interface{}) (*Tree, error)
  • func (t *Tree) Get(key string) interface{}
  • func (t *Tree) GetDefault(key string, def interface{}) interface{}
  • func (t *Tree) GetPath(keys []string) interface{}
  • func (t *Tree) GetPosition(key string) Position
  • func (t *Tree) GetPositionPath(keys []string) Position
  • func (t *Tree) Has(key string) bool
  • func (t *Tree) HasPath(keys []string) bool
  • func (t *Tree) Keys() []string
  • func (t *Tree) Marshal() ([]byte, error)
  • func (t *Tree) Position() Position
  • func (t *Tree) Set(key string, value interface{})
  • func (t *Tree) SetPath(keys []string, value interface{})
  • func (t *Tree) SetPathWithComment(keys []string, comment string, commented bool, value interface{})
  • func (t *Tree) SetPathWithOptions(keys []string, opts SetOptions, value interface{})
  • func (t *Tree) SetWithComment(key string, comment string, commented bool, value interface{})
  • func (t *Tree) SetWithOptions(key string, opts SetOptions, value interface{})
  • func (t *Tree) String() string
  • func (t *Tree) ToMap() map[string]interface{}
  • func (t *Tree) ToTomlString() (string, error)
  • func (t *Tree) Unmarshal(v interface{}) error
  • func (t *Tree) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (int64, error)

Examples

• Package (Tree)
• Package (Unmarshal)
• Marshal
• Unmarshal

Functions

func Marshal

func Marshal(v interface{}) ([]byte, error)

Marshal returns the TOML encoding of v. Behavior is similar to the Go json encoder, except that there is no concept of a Marshaler interface or MarshalTOML function for sub-structs, and currently only definite types can be marshaled (i.e. no `interface{}`).

The following struct annotations are supported:

toml:"Field"      Overrides the field's name to output.
omitempty         When set, empty values and groups are not emitted.
comment:"comment" Emits a # comment on the same line. This supports new lines.
commented:"true"  Emits the value as commented.

Note that pointers are automatically assigned the "omitempty" option, as TOML explicitly does not handle null values (saying instead the label should be dropped).

Tree structural types and corresponding marshal types:

*Tree                            (*)struct, (*)map[string]interface{}
[]*Tree                          (*)[](*)struct, (*)[](*)map[string]interface{}
[]interface{} (as interface{})   (*)[]primitive, (*)[]([]interface{})
interface{}                      (*)primitive

Tree primitive types and corresponding marshal types:

uint64     uint, uint8-uint64, pointers to same
int64      int, int8-uint64, pointers to same
float64    float32, float64, pointers to same
string     string, pointers to same
bool       bool, pointers to same
time.Time  time.Time{}, pointers to same

Example

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"log"

	toml "github.com/pelletier/go-toml"
)

func main() {
	type Postgres struct {
		User     string `toml:"user"`
		Password string `toml:"password"`
		Database string `toml:"db" commented:"true" comment:"not used anymore"`
	}
	type Config struct {
		Postgres Postgres `toml:"postgres" comment:"Postgres configuration"`
	}

	config := Config{Postgres{User: "pelletier", Password: "mypassword", Database: "old_database"}}
	b, err := toml.Marshal(config)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(string(b))
}

Output:

# Postgres configuration
[postgres]

  # not used anymore
  # db = "old_database"
  password = "mypassword"
  user = "pelletier"

func Unmarshal

func Unmarshal(data []byte, v interface{}) error

Unmarshal parses the TOML-encoded data and stores the result in the value pointed to by v. Behavior is similar to the Go json encoder, except that there is no concept of an Unmarshaler interface or UnmarshalTOML function for sub-structs, and currently only definite types can be unmarshaled to (i.e. no `interface{}`).

The following struct annotations are supported:

toml:"Field" Overrides the field's name to map to.

See Marshal() documentation for types mapping table.

Example

package main

import (
	"fmt"

	toml "github.com/pelletier/go-toml"
)

func main() {
	type Postgres struct {
		User     string
		Password string
	}
	type Config struct {
		Postgres Postgres
	}

	doc := []byte(`
	[postgres]
	user = "pelletier"
	password = "mypassword"`)

	config := Config{}
	toml.Unmarshal(doc, &config)
	fmt.Println("user=", config.Postgres.User)
}

Output:

user= pelletier

Types

type Decoder

type Decoder struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Decoder reads and decodes TOML values from an input stream.

func NewDecoder

func NewDecoder(r io.Reader) *Decoder

NewDecoder returns a new decoder that reads from r.

func (*Decoder) Decode

func (d *Decoder) Decode(v interface{}) error

Decode reads a TOML-encoded value from it's input and unmarshals it in the value pointed at by v.

See the documentation for Marshal for details.

type Encoder

type Encoder struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Encoder writes TOML values to an output stream.

func NewEncoder

func NewEncoder(w io.Writer) *Encoder

NewEncoder returns a new encoder that writes to w.

func (*Encoder) ArraysWithOneElementPerLine

func (e *Encoder) ArraysWithOneElementPerLine(v bool) *Encoder

ArraysWithOneElementPerLine sets up the encoder to encode arrays with more than one element on multiple lines instead of one.

For example:

A = [1,2,3]

Becomes

A = [
  1,
  2,
  3,
]

func (*Encoder) Encode

func (e *Encoder) Encode(v interface{}) error

Encode writes the TOML encoding of v to the stream.

See the documentation for Marshal for details.

func (*Encoder) QuoteMapKeys

func (e *Encoder) QuoteMapKeys(v bool) *Encoder

QuoteMapKeys sets up the encoder to encode maps with string type keys with quoted TOML keys.

This relieves the character limitations on map keys.

type Marshaler

type Marshaler interface {
	MarshalTOML() ([]byte, error)
}

Marshaler is the interface implemented by types that can marshal themselves into valid TOML.

type Position

type Position struct {
	Line int // line within the document
	Col  int // column within the line
}

Position of a document element within a TOML document.

Line and Col are both 1-indexed positions for the element's line number and column number, respectively. Values of zero or less will cause Invalid(), to return true.

func (Position) Invalid

func (p Position) Invalid() bool

Invalid returns whether or not the position is valid (i.e. with negative or null values)

func (Position) String

func (p Position) String() string

String representation of the position. Displays 1-indexed line and column numbers.

type SetOptions

type SetOptions struct {
	Comment   string
	Commented bool
	Multiline bool
}

SetOptions arguments are supplied to the SetWithOptions and SetPathWithOptions functions to modify marshalling behaviour. The default values within the struct are valid default options.

type Tree

type Tree struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Tree is the result of the parsing of a TOML file.

func Load

func Load(content string) (tree *Tree, err error)

Load creates a Tree from a string.

func LoadBytes

func LoadBytes(b []byte) (tree *Tree, err error)

LoadBytes creates a Tree from a []byte.

func LoadFile

func LoadFile(path string) (tree *Tree, err error)

LoadFile creates a Tree from a file.

func LoadReader

func LoadReader(reader io.Reader) (tree *Tree, err error)

LoadReader creates a Tree from any io.Reader.

func TreeFromMap

func TreeFromMap(m map[string]interface{}) (*Tree, error)

TreeFromMap initializes a new Tree object using the given map.

func (*Tree) Get

func (t *Tree) Get(key string) interface{}

Get the value at key in the Tree. Key is a dot-separated path (e.g. a.b.c) without single/double quoted strings. If you need to retrieve non-bare keys, use GetPath. Returns nil if the path does not exist in the tree. If keys is of length zero, the current tree is returned.

func (*Tree) GetDefault

func (t *Tree) GetDefault(key string, def interface{}) interface{}

GetDefault works like Get but with a default value

func (*Tree) GetPath

func (t *Tree) GetPath(keys []string) interface{}

GetPath returns the element in the tree indicated by 'keys'. If keys is of length zero, the current tree is returned.

func (*Tree) GetPosition

func (t *Tree) GetPosition(key string) Position

GetPosition returns the position of the given key.

func (*Tree) GetPositionPath

func (t *Tree) GetPositionPath(keys []string) Position

GetPositionPath returns the element in the tree indicated by 'keys'. If keys is of length zero, the current tree is returned.

func (*Tree) Has

func (t *Tree) Has(key string) bool

Has returns a boolean indicating if the given key exists.

func (*Tree) HasPath

func (t *Tree) HasPath(keys []string) bool

HasPath returns true if the given path of keys exists, false otherwise.

func (*Tree) Keys

func (t *Tree) Keys() []string

Keys returns the keys of the toplevel tree (does not recurse).

func (*Tree) Marshal

func (t *Tree) Marshal() ([]byte, error)

Marshal returns the TOML encoding of Tree. See Marshal() documentation for types mapping table.

func (*Tree) Position

func (t *Tree) Position() Position

Position returns the position of the tree.

func (*Tree) Set

func (t *Tree) Set(key string, value interface{})

Set an element in the tree. Key is a dot-separated path (e.g. a.b.c). Creates all necessary intermediate trees, if needed.

func (*Tree) SetPath

func (t *Tree) SetPath(keys []string, value interface{})

SetPath sets an element in the tree. Keys is an array of path elements (e.g. {"a","b","c"}). Creates all necessary intermediate trees, if needed.

func (*Tree) SetPathWithComment

func (t *Tree) SetPathWithComment(keys []string, comment string, commented bool, value interface{})

SetPathWithComment is the same as SetPath, but allows you to provide comment information to the key, that will be reused by Marshal().

func (*Tree) SetPathWithOptions

func (t *Tree) SetPathWithOptions(keys []string, opts SetOptions, value interface{})

SetPathWithOptions is the same as SetPath, but allows you to provide formatting instructions to the key, that will be reused by Marshal().

func (*Tree) SetWithComment

func (t *Tree) SetWithComment(key string, comment string, commented bool, value interface{})

SetWithComment is the same as Set, but allows you to provide comment information to the key, that will be reused by Marshal().

func (*Tree) SetWithOptions

func (t *Tree) SetWithOptions(key string, opts SetOptions, value interface{})

SetWithOptions is the same as Set, but allows you to provide formatting instructions to the key, that will be used by Marshal().

func (*Tree) String

func (t *Tree) String() string

String generates a human-readable representation of the current tree. Alias of ToString. Present to implement the fmt.Stringer interface.

func (*Tree) ToMap

func (t *Tree) ToMap() map[string]interface{}

ToMap recursively generates a representation of the tree using Go built-in structures. The following types are used:

• bool
• float64
• int64
• string
• uint64
• time.Time
• map[string]interface{} (where interface{} is any of this list)
• []interface{} (where interface{} is any of this list)

func (*Tree) ToTomlString

func (t *Tree) ToTomlString() (string, error)

ToTomlString generates a human-readable representation of the current tree. Output spans multiple lines, and is suitable for ingest by a TOML parser. If the conversion cannot be performed, ToString returns a non-nil error.

func (*Tree) Unmarshal

func (t *Tree) Unmarshal(v interface{}) error

Unmarshal attempts to unmarshal the Tree into a Go struct pointed by v. Neither Unmarshaler interfaces nor UnmarshalTOML functions are supported for sub-structs, and only definite types can be unmarshaled.

func (*Tree) WriteTo

func (t *Tree) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (int64, error)

WriteTo encode the Tree as Toml and writes it to the writer w. Returns the number of bytes written in case of success, or an error if anything happened.