pgclimb

README

pgclimb

A PostgreSQL utility to export data into different data formats with support for templates.

Features:

• Export data to JSON, JSON Lines, CSV, XLSX, XML
• Use Templates to support custom formats (HTML, Markdown, Text)

Use Cases:

• psql alternative for getting data out of PostgreSQL
• Publish data sets
• Create Excel reports from the database
• Generate HTML reports
• Export XML data for further processing with XSLT
• Transform data to JSON for graphing it with JavaScript libraries
• Generate readonly JSON APIs

Install

You can download a single binary for Linux, OSX or Windows.

OSX

wget -O pgclimb https://github.com/lukasmartinelli/pgclimb/releases/download/v0.3/pgclimb_darwin_amd64
chmod +x pgclimb

./pgclimb --help

Linux

wget -O pgclimb https://github.com/lukasmartinelli/pgclimb/releases/download/v0.3/pgclimb_linux_amd64
chmod +x pgclimb

./pgclimb --help

Install from source

go get github.com/lukasmartinelli/pgclimb

If you are using Windows or 32-bit architectures you need to download the appropriate binary yourself.

Supported Formats

The example queries operate on the open data employee salaries of Montgomery County Maryland. You can import CSV files into your database using my PostgreSQL import tool pgfutter. To connect to your beloved PostgreSQL database set the appropriate connection options.

CSV and TSV

Exporting CSV and TSV files is very similar to using psql and the COPY TO statement.

# Write CSV file to stdout with comma as default delimiter
pgclimb -c "SELECT * FROM employee_salaries" csv

# Save CSV file with custom delimiter and header row to file
pgclimb -o salaries.csv \
    -c "SELECT full_name, position_title FROM employee_salaries" \
    csv --delimiter ";" --header

# Create TSV file with SQL query from stdin
pgclimb -o positions.tsv tsv <<EOF
SELECT position_title, COUNT(*) FROM employee_salaries
GROUP BY position_title
ORDER BY 1
EOF

JSON Document

Creating a single JSON document of a query is helpful if you interface with other programs like providing data for JavaScript or creating a readonly JSON API. You don't need to json_agg your objects, pgclimb will automatically serialize the JSON for you - it also supports nested JSON objects for more complicated queries.

# Query all salaries into JSON array
pgclimb -c "SELECT * FROM employee_salaries" json

# Query all employees of a position as nested JSON object
cat << EOF > employees_by_position.sql
SELECT s.position_title, json_agg(s) AS employees
FROM employee_salaries s
GROUP BY s.position_title
ORDER BY 1
EOF

# Load query from file and store it as JSON array in file
pgclimb -f employees_by_position.sql \
    -o employees_by_position.json \
    json

JSON Lines

Newline delimited JSON is a good format to exchange structured data in large quantities which does not fit well into the CSV format. Instead of storing the entire JSON array each line is a valid JSON object.

# Query all salaries as separate JSON objects
pgclimb -c "SELECT * FROM employee_salaries" jsonlines

# In this example we interface with jq to pluck the first employee of each position
pgclimb -f employees_by_position.sql jsonlines | jq '.employees[0].full_name'

XLSX

Excel files are really useful to exchange data with non programmers and create graphs and filters. You can fill different datasets into different spreedsheets and distribute one single Excel file.

# Store all salaries in XLSX file
pgclimb -o salaries.xlsx -c "SELECT * FROM employee_salaries" xlsx

# Create XLSX file with multiple sheets
pgclimb -o salary_report.xlsx \
    -c "SELECT DISTINCT position_title FROM employee_salaries" \
    xlsx --sheet "positions"
pgclimb -o salary_report.xlsx \
    -c "SELECT full_name FROM employee_salaries" \
    xlsx --sheet "employees"

XML

You can output XML to process it with other programs like XSLT. To have more control over the XML output you should use the pgclimb template functionality directly to generate XML or build your own XML document with XML functions in PostgreSQL.

# Output XML for each row
pgclimb -o salaries.xml -c "SELECT * FROM employee_salaries" xml

A good default XML export is currently lacking because the XML format can be controlled using templates. If there is enough demand I will implement a solid default XML support without relying on templates.

Templates

Templates are the most powerful feature of pgclimb and allow you to implement other formats that are not built in. In this example we will create a HTML report of the salaries.

Create a template salaries.tpl.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head><title>Montgomery County MD Employees</title></head>
    <body>
        <h2>Employees</h2>
        <ul>
            {{range .}}
            <li>{{.full_name}}</li>
            {{end}}
        </ul>
    </body>
</html>

And now run the template.

pgclimb -o salaries.html \
    -c "SELECT * FROM employee_salaries" \
    template salaries.tpl

Database Connection

Database connection details can be provided via environment variables or as separate flags (same flags as psql).

name	default	flags	description
DB_NAME	postgres	-d, --dbname	database name
DB_HOST	localhost	--host	host name
DB_PORT	5432	-p, --port	port
DB_USER	postgres	-U, --username	database user
DB_PASS		--pass	password (or empty if none)

Advanced Use Cases

Different ways of Querying

Like psql you can specify a query at different places.

# Read query from stdin
echo "SELECT * FROM employee_salaries" | pgclimb
# Specify simple queries directly as arguments
pgclimb -c "SELECT * FROM employee_salaries"
# Load query from file
pgclimb -f query.sql

Control Output

pgclimb will write the result to stdout by default. By specifying the -o option you can write the output to a file.

pgclimb -o salaries.tsv -c "SELECT * FROM employee_salaries" tsv

Using JSON aggregation

This is not a pgclimb feature but shows you how to create more complex JSON objects by using the PostgreSQL JSON functions.

Let's query communities and join an additional birth rate table.

pgclimb -c "SELECT id, name, \\
    (SELECT array_to_json(array_agg(t)) FROM ( \\
            SELECT year, births FROM public.births \\
            WHERE community_id = c.id \\
            ORDER BY year ASC \\
        ) AS t \\
    ) AS births, \\
    FROM communities) AS c" jsonlines

Contribute

Dependencies

Go get the required dependencies for building pgclimb.

go get github.com/codegangsta/cli
go get github.com/lib/pq
go get github.com/jmoiron/sqlx
go get github.com/tealeg/xlsx
go get github.com/andrew-d/go-termutil

Cross-compiling

We use gox to create distributable binaries for Windows, OSX and Linux.

docker run --rm -v "$(pwd)":/usr/src/pgclimb -w /usr/src/pgclimb tcnksm/gox:1.9

Integration Tests

Run test.sh to run integration tests of the program with a PostgreSQL server. Take a look at the .travis.yml.