Documentation
¶
Overview ¶
Package core implements the Ethereum consensus protocol.
Index ¶
- Constants
- Variables
- func ApplyMessage(evm *vm.EVM, msg Message, gp *GasPool) ([]byte, uint64, bool, error)
- func ApplyTransaction(config *params.ChainConfig, bc ChainContext, author *common.Address, ...) (*types.Receipt, uint64, error)
- func CalcGasLimit(parent *types.Block, gasFloor, gasCeil uint64) uint64
- func CanTransfer(db vm.StateDB, addr common.Address, amount *big.Int) bool
- func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine consensus.Engine, ...) ([]*types.Block, []types.Receipts)
- func GenerateTangerineChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine consensus.Engine, ...) ([]*types.Block, []types.Receipts)
- func GenesisBlockForTesting(db ethdb.Database, addr common.Address, balance *big.Int) *types.Block
- func GetHashFn(ref *types.Header, chain ChainContext) func(n uint64) common.Hash
- func GetRoundHeightFn(chain ChainContext) func(uint64) (uint64, bool)
- func IntrinsicGas(data []byte, contractCreation, homestead bool) (uint64, error)
- func NewEVMContext(msg Message, header *types.Header, chain ChainContext, author *common.Address) vm.Context
- func SetReceiptsData(config *params.ChainConfig, block *types.Block, receipts types.Receipts) error
- func SetupGenesisBlock(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error)
- func SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis, constantinopleOverride *big.Int) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error)
- func StateAtNumberFn(chain ChainContext) func(n uint64) (*state.StateDB, error)
- func Transfer(db vm.StateDB, sender, recipient common.Address, amount *big.Int)
- type AllocKey
- type BlockChain
- func (bc *BlockChain) BadBlocks() []*types.Block
- func (bc *BlockChain) Config() *params.ChainConfig
- func (bc *BlockChain) CurrentBlock() *types.Block
- func (bc *BlockChain) CurrentFastBlock() *types.Block
- func (bc *BlockChain) CurrentHeader() *types.Header
- func (bc *BlockChain) Engine() consensus.Engine
- func (bc *BlockChain) Export(w io.Writer) error
- func (bc *BlockChain) ExportN(w io.Writer, first uint64, last uint64) error
- func (bc *BlockChain) FastSyncCommitHead(hash common.Hash) error
- func (bc *BlockChain) GasLimit() uint64
- func (bc *BlockChain) Genesis() *types.Block
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetAncestor(hash common.Hash, number, ancestor uint64, maxNonCanonical *uint64) (common.Hash, uint64)
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetBlock(hash common.Hash, number uint64) *types.Block
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetBlockByHash(hash common.Hash) *types.Block
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetBlockByNumber(number uint64) *types.Block
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetBlockHashesFromHash(hash common.Hash, max uint64) []common.Hash
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetBlocksFromHash(hash common.Hash, n int) (blocks []*types.Block)
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetBody(hash common.Hash) *types.Body
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetBodyRLP(hash common.Hash) rlp.RawValue
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetGovStateByHash(hash common.Hash) (*types.GovState, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetGovStateByNumber(number uint64) (*types.GovState, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetHeader(hash common.Hash, number uint64) *types.Header
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetHeaderByHash(hash common.Hash) *types.Header
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetRoundHeight(round uint64) (uint64, bool)
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetTd(hash common.Hash, number uint64) *big.Int
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetTdByHash(hash common.Hash) *big.Int
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetUnclesInChain(block *types.Block, length int) []*types.Header
- func (bc *BlockChain) GetVMConfig() *vm.Config
- func (bc *BlockChain) HasBlock(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
- func (bc *BlockChain) HasBlockAndState(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
- func (bc *BlockChain) HasFastBlock(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
- func (bc *BlockChain) HasHeader(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
- func (bc *BlockChain) HasState(hash common.Hash) bool
- func (bc *BlockChain) InsertChain(chain types.Blocks) (int, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) InsertHeaderChain(chain []*types.Header, checkFreq int) (int, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) InsertReceiptChain(blockChain types.Blocks, receiptChain []types.Receipts) (int, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) InsertTangerineChain(chain types.Blocks) (int, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) InsertTangerineHeaderChain(chain []*types.HeaderWithGovState, gov dexcon.GovernanceStateFetcher, ...) (int, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) PostChainEvents(events []interface{}, logs []*types.Log)
- func (bc *BlockChain) ProcessBlock(block *types.Block, witness *coreTypes.Witness) (*common.Hash, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) ProcessEmptyBlock(block *types.Block) (*common.Hash, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) Processor() Processor
- func (bc *BlockChain) Reset() error
- func (bc *BlockChain) ResetWithGenesisBlock(genesis *types.Block) error
- func (bc *BlockChain) Rollback(chain []common.Hash)
- func (bc *BlockChain) SetHead(head uint64) error
- func (bc *BlockChain) SetProcessor(processor Processor)
- func (bc *BlockChain) SetValidator(validator Validator)
- func (bc *BlockChain) State() (*state.StateDB, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) StateAt(root common.Hash) (*state.StateDB, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) StateCache() state.Database
- func (bc *BlockChain) Stop()
- func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeChainEvent(ch chan<- ChainEvent) event.Subscription
- func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeChainHeadEvent(ch chan<- ChainHeadEvent) event.Subscription
- func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeChainSideEvent(ch chan<- ChainSideEvent) event.Subscription
- func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeLogsEvent(ch chan<- []*types.Log) event.Subscription
- func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeRemovedLogsEvent(ch chan<- RemovedLogsEvent) event.Subscription
- func (bc *BlockChain) TrieNode(hash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) Validator() Validator
- func (bc *BlockChain) VerifyTangerineHeader(header *types.Header) error
- func (bc *BlockChain) WriteBlockWithState(block *types.Block, receipts []*types.Receipt, statedb *state.StateDB) (status WriteStatus, err error)
- func (bc *BlockChain) WriteBlockWithoutState(block *types.Block, td *big.Int) (err error)
- type BlockGen
- func (b *BlockGen) AddTx(tx *types.Transaction)
- func (b *BlockGen) AddTxWithChain(bc *BlockChain, tx *types.Transaction)
- func (b *BlockGen) AddUncheckedReceipt(receipt *types.Receipt)
- func (b *BlockGen) AddUncle(h *types.Header)
- func (b *BlockGen) Number() *big.Int
- func (b *BlockGen) OffsetTime(seconds int64)
- func (b *BlockGen) PrevBlock(index int) *types.Block
- func (b *BlockGen) SetCoinbase(addr common.Address)
- func (b *BlockGen) SetExtra(data []byte)
- func (b *BlockGen) SetNonce(nonce types.BlockNonce)
- func (b *BlockGen) TxNonce(addr common.Address) uint64
- type BlockValidator
- type CacheConfig
- type ChainContext
- type ChainEvent
- type ChainHeadEvent
- type ChainIndexer
- func (c *ChainIndexer) AddCheckpoint(section uint64, shead common.Hash)
- func (c *ChainIndexer) AddChildIndexer(indexer *ChainIndexer)
- func (c *ChainIndexer) Close() error
- func (c *ChainIndexer) SectionHead(section uint64) common.Hash
- func (c *ChainIndexer) Sections() (uint64, uint64, common.Hash)
- func (c *ChainIndexer) Start(chain ChainIndexerChain)
- type ChainIndexerBackend
- type ChainIndexerChain
- type ChainSideEvent
- type DeleteCallback
- type GasPool
- type Genesis
- type GenesisAccount
- type GenesisAlloc
- type GenesisMismatchError
- type Governance
- func (g *Governance) CRS(round uint64) coreCommon.Hash
- func (g *Governance) CRSRound() uint64
- func (g *Governance) Configuration(round uint64) *coreTypes.Config
- func (g *Governance) DKGComplaints(round uint64) []*dkgTypes.Complaint
- func (g *Governance) DKGMasterPublicKeys(round uint64) []*dkgTypes.MasterPublicKey
- func (g *Governance) DKGResetCount(round uint64) uint64
- func (g *Governance) DKGSetNodeKeyAddresses(round uint64) (map[common.Address]struct{}, error)
- func (g *Governance) GetConfigState(round uint64) (*vm.GovernanceState, error)
- func (g *Governance) GetHeadGovState() (*vm.GovernanceState, error)
- func (g *Governance) GetRoundHeight(round uint64) uint64
- func (g *Governance) GetStateForDKGAtRound(round uint64) (*vm.GovernanceState, error)
- func (g *Governance) IsDKGFinal(round uint64) bool
- func (g *Governance) IsDKGMPKReady(round uint64) bool
- func (g *Governance) IsDKGSuccess(round uint64) bool
- func (g *Governance) NodeSet(round uint64) []coreCrypto.PublicKey
- func (g *Governance) NotarySet(round uint64) (map[string]struct{}, error)
- func (g *Governance) PurgeNotarySet(round uint64)
- func (g *Governance) StateAt(height uint64) (*state.StateDB, error)
- type GovernanceStateDB
- type HeaderChain
- func (hc *HeaderChain) Config() *params.ChainConfig
- func (hc *HeaderChain) CurrentHeader() *types.Header
- func (hc *HeaderChain) Engine() consensus.Engine
- func (hc *HeaderChain) GetAncestor(hash common.Hash, number, ancestor uint64, maxNonCanonical *uint64) (common.Hash, uint64)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) GetBlock(hash common.Hash, number uint64) *types.Block
- func (hc *HeaderChain) GetBlockHashesFromHash(hash common.Hash, max uint64) []common.Hash
- func (hc *HeaderChain) GetBlockNumber(hash common.Hash) *uint64
- func (hc *HeaderChain) GetHeader(hash common.Hash, number uint64) *types.Header
- func (hc *HeaderChain) GetHeaderByHash(hash common.Hash) *types.Header
- func (hc *HeaderChain) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header
- func (hc *HeaderChain) GetTd(hash common.Hash, number uint64) *big.Int
- func (hc *HeaderChain) GetTdByHash(hash common.Hash) *big.Int
- func (hc *HeaderChain) HasHeader(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
- func (hc *HeaderChain) InsertHeaderChain(chain []*types.Header, writeHeader WhCallback, start time.Time) (int, error)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) InsertTangerineHeaderChain(chain []*types.HeaderWithGovState, writeHeader Wh2Callback, start time.Time) (int, error)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) SetCurrentHeader(head *types.Header)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) SetGenesis(head *types.Header)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) SetHead(head uint64, delFn DeleteCallback)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) ValidateHeaderChain(chain []*types.Header, checkFreq int) (int, error)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) ValidateTangerineHeaderChain(chain []*types.HeaderWithGovState, gov dexcon.GovernanceStateFetcher, ...) (int, error)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) VerifyTangerineHeader(header *types.Header, gov dexcon.GovernanceStateFetcher, ...) error
- func (hc *HeaderChain) WriteHeader(header *types.Header) (status WriteStatus, err error)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) WriteTangerineHeader(header *types.HeaderWithGovState) (status WriteStatus, err error)
- func (hc *HeaderChain) WriteTd(hash common.Hash, number uint64, td *big.Int) error
- type Message
- type NewCRSEvent
- type NewFinalizedBlockEvent
- type NewMinedBlockEvent
- type NewNotarySetEvent
- type NewTxsEvent
- type NodeInfo
- type PendingLogsEvent
- type Processor
- type RemovedLogsEvent
- type StateProcessor
- type StateTransition
- type TangerineBlockGen
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) AddTx(tx *types.Transaction)
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) AddUncheckedReceipt(receipt *types.Receipt)
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) Number() *big.Int
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) PreparePayload() []byte
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) PrevBlock(index int) *types.Block
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) ProcessTransactions(c ChainContext)
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) SetCoinbase(addr common.Address)
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) SetExtra(data []byte)
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) SetNonce(nonce types.BlockNonce)
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) SetPosition(position coreTypes.Position)
- func (b *TangerineBlockGen) TxNonce(addr common.Address) uint64
- type TxPool
- func (pool *TxPool) AddLocal(tx *types.Transaction) error
- func (pool *TxPool) AddLocals(txs []*types.Transaction) []error
- func (pool *TxPool) AddRemote(tx *types.Transaction) error
- func (pool *TxPool) AddRemotes(txs []*types.Transaction) []error
- func (pool *TxPool) Content() (map[common.Address]types.Transactions, map[common.Address]types.Transactions)
- func (pool *TxPool) GasPrice() *big.Int
- func (pool *TxPool) Get(hash common.Hash) *types.Transaction
- func (pool *TxPool) GetHeadGovState() (*vm.GovernanceState, error)
- func (pool *TxPool) Locals() []common.Address
- func (pool *TxPool) Pending() (map[common.Address]types.Transactions, error)
- func (pool *TxPool) Reset(newHead *types.Header)
- func (pool *TxPool) SetGasPrice(price *big.Int)
- func (pool *TxPool) State() *state.ManagedState
- func (pool *TxPool) StateAt(height uint64) (*state.StateDB, error)
- func (pool *TxPool) Stats() (int, int)
- func (pool *TxPool) Status(hashes []common.Hash) []TxStatus
- func (pool *TxPool) Stop()
- func (pool *TxPool) SubscribeNewTxsEvent(ch chan<- NewTxsEvent) event.Subscription
- type TxPoolConfig
- type TxStatus
- type Validator
- type Wh2Callback
- type WhCallback
- type WriteStatus
Examples ¶
Constants ¶
const ( // BlockChainVersion ensures that an incompatible database forces a resync from scratch. BlockChainVersion uint64 = 3 )
Variables ¶
var ( // ErrKnownBlock is returned when a block to import is already known locally. ErrKnownBlock = errors.New("block already known") // ErrGasLimitReached is returned by the gas pool if the amount of gas required // by a transaction is higher than what's left in the block. ErrGasLimitReached = errors.New("gas limit reached") // ErrBlacklistedHash is returned if a block to import is on the blacklist. ErrBlacklistedHash = errors.New("blacklisted hash") // ErrNonceTooHigh is returned if the nonce of a transaction is higher than the // next one expected based on the local chain. ErrNonceTooHigh = errors.New("nonce too high") )
var ( // ErrInvalidSender is returned if the transaction contains an invalid signature. ErrInvalidSender = errors.New("invalid sender") // ErrNonceTooLow is returned if the nonce of a transaction is lower than the // one present in the local chain. ErrNonceTooLow = errors.New("nonce too low") // ErrUnderpriced is returned if a transaction's gas price is below the minimum // configured for the transaction pool. ErrUnderpriced = errors.New("transaction underpriced") // ErrReplaceUnderpriced is returned if a transaction is attempted to be replaced // with a different one without the required price bump. ErrReplaceUnderpriced = errors.New("replacement transaction underpriced") // ErrInsufficientFunds is returned if the total cost of executing a transaction // is higher than the balance of the user's account. ErrInsufficientFunds = errors.New("insufficient funds for gas * price + value") // ErrIntrinsicGas is returned if the transaction is specified to use less gas // than required to start the invocation. ErrIntrinsicGas = errors.New("intrinsic gas too low") // ErrGasLimit is returned if a transaction's requested gas limit exceeds the // maximum allowance of the current block. ErrGasLimit = errors.New("exceeds block gas limit") // ErrNegativeValue is a sanity error to ensure noone is able to specify a // transaction with a negative value. ErrNegativeValue = errors.New("negative value") // ErrOversizedData is returned if the input data of a transaction is greater // than some meaningful limit a user might use. This is not a consensus error // making the transaction invalid, rather a DOS protection. ErrOversizedData = errors.New("oversized data") )
var BadHashes = map[common.Hash]bool{ common.HexToHash("05bef30ef572270f654746da22639a7a0c97dd97a7050b9e252391996aaeb689"): true, common.HexToHash("7d05d08cbc596a2e5e4f13b80a743e53e09221b5323c3a61946b20873e58583f"): true, }
BadHashes represent a set of manually tracked bad hashes (usually hard forks)
var DefaultTxPoolConfig = TxPoolConfig{ Journal: "transactions.rlp", Rejournal: time.Hour, PriceLimit: 1, PriceBump: 10, AccountSlots: 512, GlobalSlots: 40960, AccountQueue: 1024, GlobalQueue: 20240, Lifetime: 3 * time.Hour, }
DefaultTxPoolConfig contains the default configurations for the transaction pool.
var (
ErrNoGenesis = errors.New("Genesis not found in chain")
)
var TestingMode = false
Functions ¶
func ApplyMessage ¶
ApplyMessage computes the new state by applying the given message against the old state within the environment.
ApplyMessage returns the bytes returned by any EVM execution (if it took place), the gas used (which includes gas refunds) and an error if it failed. An error always indicates a core error meaning that the message would always fail for that particular state and would never be accepted within a block.
func ApplyTransaction ¶ added in v1.3.2
func ApplyTransaction(config *params.ChainConfig, bc ChainContext, author *common.Address, gp *GasPool, statedb *state.StateDB, header *types.Header, tx *types.Transaction, usedGas *uint64, cfg vm.Config) (*types.Receipt, uint64, error)
ApplyTransaction attempts to apply a transaction to the given state database and uses the input parameters for its environment. It returns the receipt for the transaction, gas used and an error if the transaction failed, indicating the block was invalid.
func CalcGasLimit ¶
CalcGasLimit computes the gas limit of the next block after parent. It aims to keep the baseline gas above the provided floor, and increase it towards the ceil if the blocks are full. If the ceil is exceeded, it will always decrease the gas allowance.
func CanTransfer ¶ added in v1.5.5
CanTransfer checks whether there are enough funds in the address' account to make a transfer. This does not take the necessary gas in to account to make the transfer valid.
func GenerateChain ¶
func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine consensus.Engine, db ethdb.Database, n int, gen func(int, *BlockGen)) ([]*types.Block, []types.Receipts)
GenerateChain creates a chain of n blocks. The first block's parent will be the provided parent. db is used to store intermediate states and should contain the parent's state trie.
The generator function is called with a new block generator for every block. Any transactions and uncles added to the generator become part of the block. If gen is nil, the blocks will be empty and their coinbase will be the zero address.
Blocks created by GenerateChain do not contain valid proof of work values. Inserting them into BlockChain requires use of FakePow or a similar non-validating proof of work implementation.
Example ¶
var ( key1, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291") key2, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("8a1f9a8f95be41cd7ccb6168179afb4504aefe388d1e14474d32c45c72ce7b7a") key3, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("49a7b37aa6f6645917e7b807e9d1c00d4fa71f18343b0d4122a4d2df64dd6fee") addr1 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key1.PublicKey) addr2 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key2.PublicKey) addr3 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key3.PublicKey) db = ethdb.NewMemDatabase() ) // Ensure that key1 has some funds in the genesis block. gspec := &Genesis{ Config: ¶ms.ChainConfig{HomesteadBlock: new(big.Int), Dexcon: params.TestChainConfig.Dexcon}, Alloc: GenesisAlloc{addr1: {Balance: big.NewInt(1000000)}}, } genesis := gspec.MustCommit(db) // This call generates a chain of 5 blocks. The function runs for // each block and adds different features to gen based on the // block index. signer := types.HomesteadSigner{} chain, _ := GenerateChain(gspec.Config, genesis, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 5, func(i int, gen *BlockGen) { switch i { case 0: // In block 1, addr1 sends addr2 some ether. tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(gen.TxNonce(addr1), addr2, big.NewInt(10000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key1) gen.AddTx(tx) case 1: // In block 2, addr1 sends some more ether to addr2. // addr2 passes it on to addr3. tx1, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(gen.TxNonce(addr1), addr2, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key1) tx2, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(gen.TxNonce(addr2), addr3, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key2) gen.AddTx(tx1) gen.AddTx(tx2) case 2: // Block 3 is empty but was mined by addr3. gen.SetCoinbase(addr3) gen.SetExtra([]byte("yeehaw")) case 3: // Block 4 includes blocks 2 and 3 as uncle headers (with modified extra data). b2 := gen.PrevBlock(1).Header() b2.Extra = []byte("foo") gen.AddUncle(b2) b3 := gen.PrevBlock(2).Header() b3.Extra = []byte("foo") gen.AddUncle(b3) } }) // Import the chain. This runs all block validation rules. blockchain, _ := NewBlockChain(db, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil) defer blockchain.Stop() if i, err := blockchain.InsertChain(chain); err != nil { fmt.Printf("insert error (block %d): %v\n", chain[i].NumberU64(), err) return } state, _ := blockchain.State() fmt.Printf("last block: #%d\n", blockchain.CurrentBlock().Number()) fmt.Println("balance of addr1:", state.GetBalance(addr1)) fmt.Println("balance of addr2:", state.GetBalance(addr2)) fmt.Println("balance of addr3:", state.GetBalance(addr3))
Output: last block: #5 balance of addr1: 989000 balance of addr2: 10000 balance of addr3: 19687500000000001000
func GenerateTangerineChain ¶
func GenesisBlockForTesting ¶
GenesisBlockForTesting creates and writes a block in which addr has the given wei balance.
func GetHashFn ¶ added in v1.4.0
GetHashFn returns a GetHashFunc which retrieves header hashes by number
func GetRoundHeightFn ¶
func GetRoundHeightFn(chain ChainContext) func(uint64) (uint64, bool)
func IntrinsicGas ¶
IntrinsicGas computes the 'intrinsic gas' for a message with the given data.
func NewEVMContext ¶ added in v1.5.5
func NewEVMContext(msg Message, header *types.Header, chain ChainContext, author *common.Address) vm.Context
NewEVMContext creates a new context for use in the EVM.
func SetReceiptsData ¶ added in v1.5.0
SetReceiptsData computes all the non-consensus fields of the receipts
func SetupGenesisBlock ¶ added in v1.6.0
func SetupGenesisBlock(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error)
SetupGenesisBlock writes or updates the genesis block in db. The block that will be used is:
genesis == nil genesis != nil +------------------------------------------ db has no genesis | main-net default | genesis db has genesis | from DB | genesis (if compatible)
The stored chain configuration will be updated if it is compatible (i.e. does not specify a fork block below the local head block). In case of a conflict, the error is a *params.ConfigCompatError and the new, unwritten config is returned.
The returned chain configuration is never nil.
func SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride ¶ added in v1.8.20
func StateAtNumberFn ¶
func StateAtNumberFn(chain ChainContext) func(n uint64) (*state.StateDB, error)
StateAtNumberFn returns a StateAtNumberFunc which allows the retrieval of statedb at a given block height.
Types ¶
type BlockChain ¶ added in v1.3.1
type BlockChain struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
BlockChain represents the canonical chain given a database with a genesis block. The Blockchain manages chain imports, reverts, chain reorganisations.
Importing blocks in to the block chain happens according to the set of rules defined by the two stage Validator. Processing of blocks is done using the Processor which processes the included transaction. The validation of the state is done in the second part of the Validator. Failing results in aborting of the import.
The BlockChain also helps in returning blocks from **any** chain included in the database as well as blocks that represents the canonical chain. It's important to note that GetBlock can return any block and does not need to be included in the canonical one where as GetBlockByNumber always represents the canonical chain.
func NewBlockChain ¶ added in v1.3.1
func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, cacheConfig *CacheConfig, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, engine consensus.Engine, vmConfig vm.Config, shouldPreserve func(block *types.Block) bool) (*BlockChain, error)
NewBlockChain returns a fully initialised block chain using information available in the database. It initialises the default Ethereum Validator and Processor.
func (*BlockChain) BadBlocks ¶ added in v1.6.0
func (bc *BlockChain) BadBlocks() []*types.Block
BadBlocks returns a list of the last 'bad blocks' that the client has seen on the network
func (*BlockChain) Config ¶ added in v1.4.1
func (bc *BlockChain) Config() *params.ChainConfig
Config retrieves the blockchain's chain configuration.
func (*BlockChain) CurrentBlock ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) CurrentBlock() *types.Block
CurrentBlock retrieves the current head block of the canonical chain. The block is retrieved from the blockchain's internal cache.
func (*BlockChain) CurrentFastBlock ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) CurrentFastBlock() *types.Block
CurrentFastBlock retrieves the current fast-sync head block of the canonical chain. The block is retrieved from the blockchain's internal cache.
func (*BlockChain) CurrentHeader ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) CurrentHeader() *types.Header
CurrentHeader retrieves the current head header of the canonical chain. The header is retrieved from the HeaderChain's internal cache.
func (*BlockChain) Engine ¶ added in v1.6.0
func (bc *BlockChain) Engine() consensus.Engine
Engine retrieves the blockchain's consensus engine.
func (*BlockChain) Export ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) Export(w io.Writer) error
Export writes the active chain to the given writer.
func (*BlockChain) ExportN ¶ added in v1.3.1
ExportN writes a subset of the active chain to the given writer.
func (*BlockChain) FastSyncCommitHead ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) FastSyncCommitHead(hash common.Hash) error
FastSyncCommitHead sets the current head block to the one defined by the hash irrelevant what the chain contents were prior.
func (*BlockChain) GasLimit ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) GasLimit() uint64
GasLimit returns the gas limit of the current HEAD block.
func (*BlockChain) Genesis ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) Genesis() *types.Block
Genesis retrieves the chain's genesis block.
func (*BlockChain) GetAncestor ¶ added in v1.8.11
func (bc *BlockChain) GetAncestor(hash common.Hash, number, ancestor uint64, maxNonCanonical *uint64) (common.Hash, uint64)
GetAncestor retrieves the Nth ancestor of a given block. It assumes that either the given block or a close ancestor of it is canonical. maxNonCanonical points to a downwards counter limiting the number of blocks to be individually checked before we reach the canonical chain.
Note: ancestor == 0 returns the same block, 1 returns its parent and so on.
func (*BlockChain) GetBlock ¶ added in v1.3.1
GetBlock retrieves a block from the database by hash and number, caching it if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetBlockByHash ¶ added in v1.5.0
func (bc *BlockChain) GetBlockByHash(hash common.Hash) *types.Block
GetBlockByHash retrieves a block from the database by hash, caching it if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetBlockByNumber ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) GetBlockByNumber(number uint64) *types.Block
GetBlockByNumber retrieves a block from the database by number, caching it (associated with its hash) if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetBlockHashesFromHash ¶ added in v1.3.1
GetBlockHashesFromHash retrieves a number of block hashes starting at a given hash, fetching towards the genesis block.
func (*BlockChain) GetBlocksFromHash ¶ added in v1.3.1
GetBlocksFromHash returns the block corresponding to hash and up to n-1 ancestors. [deprecated by eth/62]
func (*BlockChain) GetBody ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) GetBody(hash common.Hash) *types.Body
GetBody retrieves a block body (transactions and uncles) from the database by hash, caching it if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetBodyRLP ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) GetBodyRLP(hash common.Hash) rlp.RawValue
GetBodyRLP retrieves a block body in RLP encoding from the database by hash, caching it if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetGovStateByHash ¶
GetGovStateByHash extracts the governance contract's state from state trie (the merkle proof of governance contract address and the whole storage) at the given block hash.
func (*BlockChain) GetGovStateByNumber ¶
func (bc *BlockChain) GetGovStateByNumber(number uint64) (*types.GovState, error)
func (*BlockChain) GetHeader ¶ added in v1.3.1
GetHeader retrieves a block header from the database by hash and number, caching it if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetHeaderByHash ¶ added in v1.5.0
func (bc *BlockChain) GetHeaderByHash(hash common.Hash) *types.Header
GetHeaderByHash retrieves a block header from the database by hash, caching it if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetHeaderByNumber ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header
GetHeaderByNumber retrieves a block header from the database by number, caching it (associated with its hash) if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetReceiptsByHash ¶ added in v1.8.0
func (bc *BlockChain) GetReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts
GetReceiptsByHash retrieves the receipts for all transactions in a given block.
func (*BlockChain) GetRoundHeight ¶
func (bc *BlockChain) GetRoundHeight(round uint64) (uint64, bool)
GetRoundHeight returns the height of a given round.
func (*BlockChain) GetTd ¶ added in v1.3.1
GetTd retrieves a block's total difficulty in the canonical chain from the database by hash and number, caching it if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetTdByHash ¶ added in v1.5.0
func (bc *BlockChain) GetTdByHash(hash common.Hash) *big.Int
GetTdByHash retrieves a block's total difficulty in the canonical chain from the database by hash, caching it if found.
func (*BlockChain) GetUnclesInChain ¶ added in v1.3.1
GetUnclesInChain retrieves all the uncles from a given block backwards until a specific distance is reached.
func (*BlockChain) GetVMConfig ¶ added in v1.8.20
func (bc *BlockChain) GetVMConfig() *vm.Config
GetVMConfig returns the block chain VM config.
func (*BlockChain) HasBlock ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) HasBlock(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
HasBlock checks if a block is fully present in the database or not.
func (*BlockChain) HasBlockAndState ¶ added in v1.3.3
func (bc *BlockChain) HasBlockAndState(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
HasBlockAndState checks if a block and associated state trie is fully present in the database or not, caching it if present.
func (*BlockChain) HasFastBlock ¶ added in v1.8.19
func (bc *BlockChain) HasFastBlock(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
HasFastBlock checks if a fast block is fully present in the database or not.
func (*BlockChain) HasHeader ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) HasHeader(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
HasHeader checks if a block header is present in the database or not, caching it if present.
func (*BlockChain) HasState ¶ added in v1.8.0
func (bc *BlockChain) HasState(hash common.Hash) bool
HasState checks if state trie is fully present in the database or not.
func (*BlockChain) InsertChain ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) InsertChain(chain types.Blocks) (int, error)
InsertChain attempts to insert the given batch of blocks in to the canonical chain or, otherwise, create a fork. If an error is returned it will return the index number of the failing block as well an error describing what went wrong.
After insertion is done, all accumulated events will be fired.
func (*BlockChain) InsertHeaderChain ¶ added in v1.3.1
InsertHeaderChain attempts to insert the given header chain in to the local chain, possibly creating a reorg. If an error is returned, it will return the index number of the failing header as well an error describing what went wrong.
The verify parameter can be used to fine tune whether nonce verification should be done or not. The reason behind the optional check is because some of the header retrieval mechanisms already need to verify nonces, as well as because nonces can be verified sparsely, not needing to check each.
func (*BlockChain) InsertReceiptChain ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) InsertReceiptChain(blockChain types.Blocks, receiptChain []types.Receipts) (int, error)
InsertReceiptChain attempts to complete an already existing header chain with transaction and receipt data.
func (*BlockChain) InsertTangerineChain ¶
func (bc *BlockChain) InsertTangerineChain(chain types.Blocks) (int, error)
InsertTangerineChain attempts to insert the given batch of blocks in to the canonical chain or, otherwise, create a fork. If an error is returned it will return the index number of the failing block as well an error describing what went wrong.
After insertion is done, all accumulated events will be fired.
func (*BlockChain) InsertTangerineHeaderChain ¶
func (bc *BlockChain) InsertTangerineHeaderChain(chain []*types.HeaderWithGovState, gov dexcon.GovernanceStateFetcher, verifierCache *dexCore.TSigVerifierCache) (int, error)
func (*BlockChain) PostChainEvents ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (bc *BlockChain) PostChainEvents(events []interface{}, logs []*types.Log)
PostChainEvents iterates over the events generated by a chain insertion and posts them into the event feed. TODO: Should not expose PostChainEvents. The chain events should be posted in WriteBlock.
func (*BlockChain) ProcessBlock ¶
func (*BlockChain) ProcessEmptyBlock ¶
func (*BlockChain) Processor ¶ added in v1.3.2
func (bc *BlockChain) Processor() Processor
Processor returns the current processor.
func (*BlockChain) Reset ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) Reset() error
Reset purges the entire blockchain, restoring it to its genesis state.
func (*BlockChain) ResetWithGenesisBlock ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) ResetWithGenesisBlock(genesis *types.Block) error
ResetWithGenesisBlock purges the entire blockchain, restoring it to the specified genesis state.
func (*BlockChain) Rollback ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) Rollback(chain []common.Hash)
Rollback is designed to remove a chain of links from the database that aren't certain enough to be valid.
func (*BlockChain) SetHead ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) SetHead(head uint64) error
SetHead rewinds the local chain to a new head. In the case of headers, everything above the new head will be deleted and the new one set. In the case of blocks though, the head may be further rewound if block bodies are missing (non-archive nodes after a fast sync).
func (*BlockChain) SetProcessor ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) SetProcessor(processor Processor)
SetProcessor sets the processor required for making state modifications.
func (*BlockChain) SetValidator ¶ added in v1.3.2
func (bc *BlockChain) SetValidator(validator Validator)
SetValidator sets the validator which is used to validate incoming blocks.
func (*BlockChain) State ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) State() (*state.StateDB, error)
State returns a new mutable state based on the current HEAD block.
func (*BlockChain) StateAt ¶ added in v1.4.14
StateAt returns a new mutable state based on a particular point in time.
func (*BlockChain) StateCache ¶ added in v1.8.19
func (bc *BlockChain) StateCache() state.Database
StateCache returns the caching database underpinning the blockchain instance.
func (*BlockChain) Stop ¶ added in v1.3.1
func (bc *BlockChain) Stop()
Stop stops the blockchain service. If any imports are currently in progress it will abort them using the procInterrupt.
func (*BlockChain) SubscribeChainEvent ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeChainEvent(ch chan<- ChainEvent) event.Subscription
SubscribeChainEvent registers a subscription of ChainEvent.
func (*BlockChain) SubscribeChainHeadEvent ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeChainHeadEvent(ch chan<- ChainHeadEvent) event.Subscription
SubscribeChainHeadEvent registers a subscription of ChainHeadEvent.
func (*BlockChain) SubscribeChainSideEvent ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeChainSideEvent(ch chan<- ChainSideEvent) event.Subscription
SubscribeChainSideEvent registers a subscription of ChainSideEvent.
func (*BlockChain) SubscribeLogsEvent ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeLogsEvent(ch chan<- []*types.Log) event.Subscription
SubscribeLogsEvent registers a subscription of []*types.Log.
func (*BlockChain) SubscribeRemovedLogsEvent ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (bc *BlockChain) SubscribeRemovedLogsEvent(ch chan<- RemovedLogsEvent) event.Subscription
SubscribeRemovedLogsEvent registers a subscription of RemovedLogsEvent.
func (*BlockChain) TrieNode ¶ added in v1.8.0
func (bc *BlockChain) TrieNode(hash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
TrieNode retrieves a blob of data associated with a trie node (or code hash) either from ephemeral in-memory cache, or from persistent storage.
func (*BlockChain) Validator ¶ added in v1.3.2
func (bc *BlockChain) Validator() Validator
Validator returns the current validator.
func (*BlockChain) VerifyTangerineHeader ¶
func (bc *BlockChain) VerifyTangerineHeader(header *types.Header) error
func (*BlockChain) WriteBlockWithState ¶ added in v1.8.0
func (bc *BlockChain) WriteBlockWithState(block *types.Block, receipts []*types.Receipt, statedb *state.StateDB) (status WriteStatus, err error)
WriteBlockWithState writes the block and all associated state to the database.
func (*BlockChain) WriteBlockWithoutState ¶ added in v1.8.0
WriteBlockWithoutState writes only the block and its metadata to the database, but does not write any state. This is used to construct competing side forks up to the point where they exceed the canonical total difficulty.
type BlockGen ¶
type BlockGen struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
BlockGen creates blocks for testing. See GenerateChain for a detailed explanation.
func (*BlockGen) AddTx ¶
func (b *BlockGen) AddTx(tx *types.Transaction)
AddTx adds a transaction to the generated block. If no coinbase has been set, the block's coinbase is set to the zero address.
AddTx panics if the transaction cannot be executed. In addition to the protocol-imposed limitations (gas limit, etc.), there are some further limitations on the content of transactions that can be added. Notably, contract code relying on the BLOCKHASH instruction will panic during execution.
func (*BlockGen) AddTxWithChain ¶ added in v1.8.3
func (b *BlockGen) AddTxWithChain(bc *BlockChain, tx *types.Transaction)
AddTxWithChain adds a transaction to the generated block. If no coinbase has been set, the block's coinbase is set to the zero address.
AddTxWithChain panics if the transaction cannot be executed. In addition to the protocol-imposed limitations (gas limit, etc.), there are some further limitations on the content of transactions that can be added. If contract code relies on the BLOCKHASH instruction, the block in chain will be returned.
func (*BlockGen) AddUncheckedReceipt ¶ added in v1.3.1
AddUncheckedReceipt forcefully adds a receipts to the block without a backing transaction.
AddUncheckedReceipt will cause consensus failures when used during real chain processing. This is best used in conjunction with raw block insertion.
func (*BlockGen) Number ¶ added in v1.4.0
Number returns the block number of the block being generated.
func (*BlockGen) OffsetTime ¶ added in v1.2.2
OffsetTime modifies the time instance of a block, implicitly changing its associated difficulty. It's useful to test scenarios where forking is not tied to chain length directly.
func (*BlockGen) PrevBlock ¶
PrevBlock returns a previously generated block by number. It panics if num is greater or equal to the number of the block being generated. For index -1, PrevBlock returns the parent block given to GenerateChain.
func (*BlockGen) SetCoinbase ¶
SetCoinbase sets the coinbase of the generated block. It can be called at most once.
func (*BlockGen) SetNonce ¶ added in v1.8.16
func (b *BlockGen) SetNonce(nonce types.BlockNonce)
SetNonce sets the nonce field of the generated block.
type BlockValidator ¶ added in v1.3.2
type BlockValidator struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
BlockValidator is responsible for validating block headers, uncles and processed state.
BlockValidator implements Validator.
func NewBlockValidator ¶ added in v1.3.2
func NewBlockValidator(config *params.ChainConfig, blockchain *BlockChain, engine consensus.Engine) *BlockValidator
NewBlockValidator returns a new block validator which is safe for re-use
func (*BlockValidator) ValidateBody ¶ added in v1.6.0
func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateBody(block *types.Block) error
ValidateBody validates the given block's uncles and verifies the block header's transaction and uncle roots. The headers are assumed to be already validated at this point.
func (*BlockValidator) ValidateState ¶ added in v1.3.2
func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateState(block, parent *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, receipts types.Receipts, usedGas uint64) error
ValidateState validates the various changes that happen after a state transition, such as amount of used gas, the receipt roots and the state root itself. ValidateState returns a database batch if the validation was a success otherwise nil and an error is returned.
func (*BlockValidator) ValidateWitnessData ¶
func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateWitnessData(height uint64, blockHash common.Hash) error
type CacheConfig ¶ added in v1.8.0
type CacheConfig struct { Disabled bool // Whether to disable trie write caching (archive node) TrieCleanLimit int // Memory allowance (MB) to use for caching trie nodes in memory TrieDirtyLimit int // Memory limit (MB) at which to start flushing dirty trie nodes to disk TrieTimeLimit time.Duration // Time limit after which to flush the current in-memory trie to disk }
CacheConfig contains the configuration values for the trie caching/pruning that's resident in a blockchain.
type ChainContext ¶ added in v1.6.0
type ChainContext interface { // Engine retrieves the chain's consensus engine. Engine() consensus.Engine // GetHeader returns the hash corresponding to their hash. GetHeader(common.Hash, uint64) *types.Header // StateAt returns the statedb given a root hash. StateAt(common.Hash) (*state.StateDB, error) // GetHeaderByNumber returns the header given a block number. GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header // GetRoundHeight returns the mapping between round and height. GetRoundHeight(uint64) (uint64, bool) }
ChainContext supports retrieving headers and consensus parameters from the current blockchain to be used during transaction processing.
type ChainHeadEvent ¶
type ChainIndexer ¶ added in v1.7.0
type ChainIndexer struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
ChainIndexer does a post-processing job for equally sized sections of the canonical chain (like BlooomBits and CHT structures). A ChainIndexer is connected to the blockchain through the event system by starting a ChainHeadEventLoop in a goroutine.
Further child ChainIndexers can be added which use the output of the parent section indexer. These child indexers receive new head notifications only after an entire section has been finished or in case of rollbacks that might affect already finished sections.
func NewChainIndexer ¶ added in v1.7.0
func NewChainIndexer(chainDb, indexDb ethdb.Database, backend ChainIndexerBackend, section, confirm uint64, throttling time.Duration, kind string) *ChainIndexer
NewChainIndexer creates a new chain indexer to do background processing on chain segments of a given size after certain number of confirmations passed. The throttling parameter might be used to prevent database thrashing.
func (*ChainIndexer) AddCheckpoint ¶ added in v1.8.15
func (c *ChainIndexer) AddCheckpoint(section uint64, shead common.Hash)
AddCheckpoint adds a checkpoint. Sections are never processed and the chain is not expected to be available before this point. The indexer assumes that the backend has sufficient information available to process subsequent sections.
Note: knownSections == 0 and storedSections == checkpointSections until syncing reaches the checkpoint
func (*ChainIndexer) AddChildIndexer ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (c *ChainIndexer) AddChildIndexer(indexer *ChainIndexer)
AddChildIndexer adds a child ChainIndexer that can use the output of this one
func (*ChainIndexer) Close ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (c *ChainIndexer) Close() error
Close tears down all goroutines belonging to the indexer and returns any error that might have occurred internally.
func (*ChainIndexer) SectionHead ¶ added in v1.7.3
func (c *ChainIndexer) SectionHead(section uint64) common.Hash
SectionHead retrieves the last block hash of a processed section from the index database.
func (*ChainIndexer) Sections ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (c *ChainIndexer) Sections() (uint64, uint64, common.Hash)
Sections returns the number of processed sections maintained by the indexer and also the information about the last header indexed for potential canonical verifications.
func (*ChainIndexer) Start ¶ added in v1.7.0
func (c *ChainIndexer) Start(chain ChainIndexerChain)
Start creates a goroutine to feed chain head events into the indexer for cascading background processing. Children do not need to be started, they are notified about new events by their parents.
type ChainIndexerBackend ¶ added in v1.7.0
type ChainIndexerBackend interface { // Reset initiates the processing of a new chain segment, potentially terminating // any partially completed operations (in case of a reorg). Reset(ctx context.Context, section uint64, prevHead common.Hash) error // Process crunches through the next header in the chain segment. The caller // will ensure a sequential order of headers. Process(ctx context.Context, header *types.Header) error // Commit finalizes the section metadata and stores it into the database. Commit() error }
ChainIndexerBackend defines the methods needed to process chain segments in the background and write the segment results into the database. These can be used to create filter blooms or CHTs.
type ChainIndexerChain ¶ added in v1.7.3
type ChainIndexerChain interface { // CurrentHeader retrieves the latest locally known header. CurrentHeader() *types.Header // SubscribeChainHeadEvent subscribes to new head header notifications. SubscribeChainHeadEvent(ch chan<- ChainHeadEvent) event.Subscription }
ChainIndexerChain interface is used for connecting the indexer to a blockchain
type ChainSideEvent ¶
type DeleteCallback ¶ added in v1.4.0
type DeleteCallback func(rawdb.DatabaseDeleter, common.Hash, uint64)
DeleteCallback is a callback function that is called by SetHead before each header is deleted.
type GasPool ¶ added in v1.0.3
type GasPool uint64
GasPool tracks the amount of gas available during execution of the transactions in a block. The zero value is a pool with zero gas available.
type Genesis ¶ added in v1.6.0
type Genesis struct { Config *params.ChainConfig `json:"config"` Nonce uint64 `json:"nonce"` Timestamp uint64 `json:"timestamp"` ExtraData []byte `json:"extraData"` GasLimit uint64 `json:"gasLimit" gencodec:"required"` Difficulty *big.Int `json:"difficulty" gencodec:"required"` Mixhash common.Hash `json:"mixHash"` Coinbase common.Address `json:"coinbase"` Alloc GenesisAlloc `json:"alloc" gencodec:"required"` // These fields are used for consensus tests. Please don't use them // in actual genesis blocks. Number uint64 `json:"number"` GasUsed uint64 `json:"gasUsed"` ParentHash common.Hash `json:"parentHash"` }
Genesis specifies the header fields, state of a genesis block. It also defines hard fork switch-over blocks through the chain configuration.
func DefaultGenesisBlock ¶ added in v1.4.0
func DefaultGenesisBlock() *Genesis
DefaultGenesisBlock returns the Ethereum main net genesis block.
func DefaultTestnetGenesisBlock ¶ added in v1.5.3
func DefaultTestnetGenesisBlock() *Genesis
DefaultTestnetGenesisBlock returns the Taiwan network genesis block.
func DeveloperGenesisBlock ¶ added in v1.7.3
DeveloperGenesisBlock returns the 'geth --dev' genesis block. Note, this must be seeded with the
func (*Genesis) Commit ¶ added in v1.6.0
Commit writes the block and state of a genesis specification to the database. The block is committed as the canonical head block.
func (Genesis) MarshalJSON ¶ added in v1.6.0
MarshalJSON marshals as JSON.
func (*Genesis) MustCommit ¶ added in v1.6.0
MustCommit writes the genesis block and state to db, panicking on error. The block is committed as the canonical head block.
func (*Genesis) ToBlock ¶ added in v1.6.0
ToBlock creates the genesis block and writes state of a genesis specification to the given database (or discards it if nil).
func (*Genesis) UnmarshalJSON ¶ added in v1.6.0
UnmarshalJSON unmarshals from JSON.
type GenesisAccount ¶ added in v1.2.2
type GenesisAccount struct { Code []byte `json:"code,omitempty"` Storage map[common.Hash]common.Hash `json:"storage,omitempty"` Balance *big.Int `json:"balance" gencodec:"required"` Nonce uint64 `json:"nonce,omitempty"` Staked *big.Int `json:"staked"` PublicKey []byte `json:"publicKey"` NodeInfo NodeInfo `json:"info"` PrivateKey []byte `json:"secretKey,omitempty"` // for tests }
GenesisAccount is an account in the state of the genesis block.
func (GenesisAccount) MarshalJSON ¶ added in v1.6.0
func (g GenesisAccount) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
MarshalJSON marshals as JSON.
func (*GenesisAccount) UnmarshalJSON ¶ added in v1.6.0
func (g *GenesisAccount) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error
UnmarshalJSON unmarshals from JSON.
type GenesisAlloc ¶ added in v1.6.0
type GenesisAlloc map[common.Address]GenesisAccount
GenesisAlloc specifies the initial state that is part of the genesis block.
func (*GenesisAlloc) UnmarshalJSON ¶ added in v1.6.7
func (ga *GenesisAlloc) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error
type GenesisMismatchError ¶ added in v1.6.0
GenesisMismatchError is raised when trying to overwrite an existing genesis block with an incompatible one.
func (*GenesisMismatchError) Error ¶ added in v1.6.0
func (e *GenesisMismatchError) Error() string
type Governance ¶
type Governance struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
func NewGovernance ¶
func NewGovernance(db GovernanceStateDB) *Governance
func (*Governance) CRS ¶
func (g *Governance) CRS(round uint64) coreCommon.Hash
CRS returns the CRS for a given round.
func (*Governance) CRSRound ¶
func (g *Governance) CRSRound() uint64
func (*Governance) Configuration ¶
func (g *Governance) Configuration(round uint64) *coreTypes.Config
func (*Governance) DKGComplaints ¶
func (g *Governance) DKGComplaints(round uint64) []*dkgTypes.Complaint
func (*Governance) DKGMasterPublicKeys ¶
func (g *Governance) DKGMasterPublicKeys(round uint64) []*dkgTypes.MasterPublicKey
func (*Governance) DKGResetCount ¶
func (g *Governance) DKGResetCount(round uint64) uint64
func (*Governance) DKGSetNodeKeyAddresses ¶
func (g *Governance) DKGSetNodeKeyAddresses(round uint64) (map[common.Address]struct{}, error)
func (*Governance) GetConfigState ¶
func (g *Governance) GetConfigState(round uint64) (*vm.GovernanceState, error)
func (*Governance) GetHeadGovState ¶
func (g *Governance) GetHeadGovState() (*vm.GovernanceState, error)
func (*Governance) GetRoundHeight ¶
func (g *Governance) GetRoundHeight(round uint64) uint64
func (*Governance) GetStateForDKGAtRound ¶
func (g *Governance) GetStateForDKGAtRound(round uint64) (*vm.GovernanceState, error)
func (*Governance) IsDKGFinal ¶
func (g *Governance) IsDKGFinal(round uint64) bool
func (*Governance) IsDKGMPKReady ¶
func (g *Governance) IsDKGMPKReady(round uint64) bool
func (*Governance) IsDKGSuccess ¶
func (g *Governance) IsDKGSuccess(round uint64) bool
func (*Governance) NodeSet ¶
func (g *Governance) NodeSet(round uint64) []coreCrypto.PublicKey
NodeSet returns the current node set.
func (*Governance) NotarySet ¶
func (g *Governance) NotarySet(round uint64) (map[string]struct{}, error)
func (*Governance) PurgeNotarySet ¶
func (g *Governance) PurgeNotarySet(round uint64)
type GovernanceStateDB ¶
type GovernanceStateDB interface { State() (*state.StateDB, error) StateAt(height uint64) (*state.StateDB, error) }
func NewGovernanceStateDB ¶
func NewGovernanceStateDB(bc *BlockChain) GovernanceStateDB
type HeaderChain ¶ added in v1.4.0
type HeaderChain struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
HeaderChain implements the basic block header chain logic that is shared by core.BlockChain and light.LightChain. It is not usable in itself, only as a part of either structure. It is not thread safe either, the encapsulating chain structures should do the necessary mutex locking/unlocking.
func NewHeaderChain ¶ added in v1.4.0
func NewHeaderChain(chainDb ethdb.Database, config *params.ChainConfig, engine consensus.Engine, procInterrupt func() bool) (*HeaderChain, error)
NewHeaderChain creates a new HeaderChain structure.
getValidator should return the parent's validator procInterrupt points to the parent's interrupt semaphore wg points to the parent's shutdown wait group
func (*HeaderChain) Config ¶ added in v1.6.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) Config() *params.ChainConfig
Config retrieves the header chain's chain configuration.
func (*HeaderChain) CurrentHeader ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) CurrentHeader() *types.Header
CurrentHeader retrieves the current head header of the canonical chain. The header is retrieved from the HeaderChain's internal cache.
func (*HeaderChain) Engine ¶ added in v1.6.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) Engine() consensus.Engine
Engine retrieves the header chain's consensus engine.
func (*HeaderChain) GetAncestor ¶ added in v1.8.11
func (hc *HeaderChain) GetAncestor(hash common.Hash, number, ancestor uint64, maxNonCanonical *uint64) (common.Hash, uint64)
GetAncestor retrieves the Nth ancestor of a given block. It assumes that either the given block or a close ancestor of it is canonical. maxNonCanonical points to a downwards counter limiting the number of blocks to be individually checked before we reach the canonical chain.
Note: ancestor == 0 returns the same block, 1 returns its parent and so on.
func (*HeaderChain) GetBlock ¶ added in v1.6.0
GetBlock implements consensus.ChainReader, and returns nil for every input as a header chain does not have blocks available for retrieval.
func (*HeaderChain) GetBlockHashesFromHash ¶ added in v1.4.0
GetBlockHashesFromHash retrieves a number of block hashes starting at a given hash, fetching towards the genesis block.
func (*HeaderChain) GetBlockNumber ¶ added in v1.5.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) GetBlockNumber(hash common.Hash) *uint64
GetBlockNumber retrieves the block number belonging to the given hash from the cache or database
func (*HeaderChain) GetHeader ¶ added in v1.4.0
GetHeader retrieves a block header from the database by hash and number, caching it if found.
func (*HeaderChain) GetHeaderByHash ¶ added in v1.5.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) GetHeaderByHash(hash common.Hash) *types.Header
GetHeaderByHash retrieves a block header from the database by hash, caching it if found.
func (*HeaderChain) GetHeaderByNumber ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header
GetHeaderByNumber retrieves a block header from the database by number, caching it (associated with its hash) if found.
func (*HeaderChain) GetTd ¶ added in v1.4.0
GetTd retrieves a block's total difficulty in the canonical chain from the database by hash and number, caching it if found.
func (*HeaderChain) GetTdByHash ¶ added in v1.5.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) GetTdByHash(hash common.Hash) *big.Int
GetTdByHash retrieves a block's total difficulty in the canonical chain from the database by hash, caching it if found.
func (*HeaderChain) HasHeader ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) HasHeader(hash common.Hash, number uint64) bool
HasHeader checks if a block header is present in the database or not.
func (*HeaderChain) InsertHeaderChain ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) InsertHeaderChain(chain []*types.Header, writeHeader WhCallback, start time.Time) (int, error)
InsertHeaderChain attempts to insert the given header chain in to the local chain, possibly creating a reorg. If an error is returned, it will return the index number of the failing header as well an error describing what went wrong.
The verify parameter can be used to fine tune whether nonce verification should be done or not. The reason behind the optional check is because some of the header retrieval mechanisms already need to verfy nonces, as well as because nonces can be verified sparsely, not needing to check each.
func (*HeaderChain) InsertTangerineHeaderChain ¶
func (hc *HeaderChain) InsertTangerineHeaderChain(chain []*types.HeaderWithGovState, writeHeader Wh2Callback, start time.Time) (int, error)
InsertTangerineHeaderChain attempts to insert the given header chain in to the local chain, possibly creating a reorg. If an error is returned, it will return the index number of the failing header as well an error describing what went wrong.
The verify parameter can be used to fine tune whether nonce verification should be done or not. The reason behind the optional check is because some of the header retrieval mechanisms already need to verfy nonces, as well as because nonces can be verified sparsely, not needing to check each.
func (*HeaderChain) SetCurrentHeader ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) SetCurrentHeader(head *types.Header)
SetCurrentHeader sets the current head header of the canonical chain.
func (*HeaderChain) SetGenesis ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) SetGenesis(head *types.Header)
SetGenesis sets a new genesis block header for the chain
func (*HeaderChain) SetHead ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) SetHead(head uint64, delFn DeleteCallback)
SetHead rewinds the local chain to a new head. Everything above the new head will be deleted and the new one set.
func (*HeaderChain) ValidateHeaderChain ¶ added in v1.6.0
func (*HeaderChain) ValidateTangerineHeaderChain ¶
func (hc *HeaderChain) ValidateTangerineHeaderChain(chain []*types.HeaderWithGovState, gov dexcon.GovernanceStateFetcher, verifierCache *dexCore.TSigVerifierCache, validator Validator) (int, error)
func (*HeaderChain) VerifyTangerineHeader ¶
func (hc *HeaderChain) VerifyTangerineHeader(header *types.Header, gov dexcon.GovernanceStateFetcher, verifierCache *dexCore.TSigVerifierCache, validator Validator) error
func (*HeaderChain) WriteHeader ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (hc *HeaderChain) WriteHeader(header *types.Header) (status WriteStatus, err error)
WriteHeader writes a header into the local chain, given that its parent is already known. If the total difficulty of the newly inserted header becomes greater than the current known TD, the canonical chain is re-routed.
Note: This method is not concurrent-safe with inserting blocks simultaneously into the chain, as side effects caused by reorganisations cannot be emulated without the real blocks. Hence, writing headers directly should only be done in two scenarios: pure-header mode of operation (light clients), or properly separated header/block phases (non-archive clients).
func (*HeaderChain) WriteTangerineHeader ¶
func (hc *HeaderChain) WriteTangerineHeader(header *types.HeaderWithGovState) (status WriteStatus, err error)
type Message ¶
type Message interface { From() common.Address //FromFrontier() (common.Address, error) To() *common.Address GasPrice() *big.Int Gas() uint64 Value() *big.Int Nonce() uint64 CheckNonce() bool Data() []byte }
Message represents a message sent to a contract.
type NewCRSEvent ¶
type NewCRSEvent struct{ Round uint64 }
type NewFinalizedBlockEvent ¶
NewFinalizedBlockEvent is posted when a block has been imported.
type NewMinedBlockEvent ¶
NewMinedBlockEvent is posted when a block has been imported.
type NewNotarySetEvent ¶
type NewTxsEvent ¶ added in v1.8.9
type NewTxsEvent struct{ Txs []*types.Transaction }
NewTxsEvent is posted when a batch of transactions enter the transaction pool.
type NodeInfo ¶
type NodeInfo struct { Name string `json:"name"` Email string `json:"email"` Location string `json:"location"` Url string `json:"url"` }
NodeInfo represents the info of a node.
type PendingLogsEvent ¶ added in v1.4.0
PendingLogsEvent is posted pre mining and notifies of pending logs.
type Processor ¶ added in v1.3.2
type Processor interface {
Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config) (types.Receipts, []*types.Log, uint64, error)
}
Processor is an interface for processing blocks using a given initial state.
Process takes the block to be processed and the statedb upon which the initial state is based. It should return the receipts generated, amount of gas used in the process and return an error if any of the internal rules failed.
type RemovedLogsEvent ¶ added in v1.4.0
RemovedLogsEvent is posted when a reorg happens
type StateProcessor ¶ added in v1.3.2
type StateProcessor struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
StateProcessor is a basic Processor, which takes care of transitioning state from one point to another.
StateProcessor implements Processor.
func NewStateProcessor ¶ added in v1.3.2
func NewStateProcessor(config *params.ChainConfig, bc *BlockChain, engine consensus.Engine) *StateProcessor
NewStateProcessor initialises a new StateProcessor.
func (*StateProcessor) Process ¶ added in v1.3.2
func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config) (types.Receipts, []*types.Log, uint64, error)
Process processes the state changes according to the Ethereum rules by running the transaction messages using the statedb and applying any rewards to both the processor (coinbase) and any included uncles.
Process returns the receipts and logs accumulated during the process and returns the amount of gas that was used in the process. If any of the transactions failed to execute due to insufficient gas it will return an error.
type StateTransition ¶
type StateTransition struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
The State Transitioning Model
A state transition is a change made when a transaction is applied to the current world state The state transitioning model does all the necessary work to work out a valid new state root.
1) Nonce handling 2) Pre pay gas 3) Create a new state object if the recipient is \0*32 4) Value transfer == If contract creation ==
4a) Attempt to run transaction data 4b) If valid, use result as code for the new state object
== end == 5) Run Script section 6) Derive new state root
func NewStateTransition ¶
func NewStateTransition(evm *vm.EVM, msg Message, gp *GasPool) *StateTransition
NewStateTransition initialises and returns a new state transition object.
func (*StateTransition) GetHeadGovState ¶
func (st *StateTransition) GetHeadGovState() (*vm.GovernanceState, error)
func (*StateTransition) StateAt ¶
func (st *StateTransition) StateAt(height uint64) (*state.StateDB, error)
func (*StateTransition) TransitionDb ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (st *StateTransition) TransitionDb() (ret []byte, usedGas uint64, failed bool, err error)
TransitionDb will transition the state by applying the current message and returning the result including the used gas. It returns an error if failed. An error indicates a consensus issue.
type TangerineBlockGen ¶
type TangerineBlockGen struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
TangerineBlockGen creates blocks for testing. See GenerateChain for a detailed explanation.
func (*TangerineBlockGen) AddTx ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) AddTx(tx *types.Transaction)
AddTx adds a transaction to the generated block. If no coinbase has been set, the block's coinbase is set to the zero address.
AddTx panics if the transaction cannot be executed. In addition to the protocol-imposed limitations (gas limit, etc.), there are some further limitations on the content of transactions that can be added. If contract code relies on the BLOCKHASH instruction, the block in chain will be returned.
func (*TangerineBlockGen) AddUncheckedReceipt ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) AddUncheckedReceipt(receipt *types.Receipt)
AddUncheckedReceipt forcefully adds a receipts to the block without a backing transaction.
AddUncheckedReceipt will cause consensus failures when used during real chain processing. This is best used in conjunction with raw block insertion.
func (*TangerineBlockGen) Number ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) Number() *big.Int
Number returns the block number of the block being generated.
func (*TangerineBlockGen) PreparePayload ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) PreparePayload() []byte
func (*TangerineBlockGen) PrevBlock ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) PrevBlock(index int) *types.Block
PrevBlock returns a previously generated block by number. It panics if num is greater or equal to the number of the block being generated. For index -1, PrevBlock returns the parent block given to GenerateChain.
func (*TangerineBlockGen) ProcessTransactions ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) ProcessTransactions(c ChainContext)
func (*TangerineBlockGen) SetCoinbase ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) SetCoinbase(addr common.Address)
SetCoinbase sets the coinbase of the generated block. It can be called at most once.
func (*TangerineBlockGen) SetExtra ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) SetExtra(data []byte)
SetExtra sets the extra data field of the generated block.
func (*TangerineBlockGen) SetNonce ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) SetNonce(nonce types.BlockNonce)
SetNonce sets the nonce field of the generated block.
func (*TangerineBlockGen) SetPosition ¶
func (b *TangerineBlockGen) SetPosition(position coreTypes.Position)
type TxPool ¶
type TxPool struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
TxPool contains all currently known transactions. Transactions enter the pool when they are received from the network or submitted locally. They exit the pool when they are included in the blockchain.
The pool separates processable transactions (which can be applied to the current state) and future transactions. Transactions move between those two states over time as they are received and processed.
func NewTxPool ¶
func NewTxPool(config TxPoolConfig, chainconfig *params.ChainConfig, chain blockChain) *TxPool
NewTxPool creates a new transaction pool to gather, sort and filter inbound transactions from the network.
func (*TxPool) AddLocal ¶ added in v1.6.7
func (pool *TxPool) AddLocal(tx *types.Transaction) error
AddLocal enqueues a single transaction into the pool if it is valid, marking the sender as a local one in the mean time, ensuring it goes around the local pricing constraints.
func (*TxPool) AddLocals ¶ added in v1.6.7
func (pool *TxPool) AddLocals(txs []*types.Transaction) []error
AddLocals enqueues a batch of transactions into the pool if they are valid, marking the senders as a local ones in the mean time, ensuring they go around the local pricing constraints.
func (*TxPool) AddRemote ¶ added in v1.6.7
func (pool *TxPool) AddRemote(tx *types.Transaction) error
AddRemote enqueues a single transaction into the pool if it is valid. If the sender is not among the locally tracked ones, full pricing constraints will apply.
func (*TxPool) AddRemotes ¶ added in v1.6.7
func (pool *TxPool) AddRemotes(txs []*types.Transaction) []error
AddRemotes enqueues a batch of transactions into the pool if they are valid. If the senders are not among the locally tracked ones, full pricing constraints will apply.
func (*TxPool) Content ¶ added in v1.4.0
func (pool *TxPool) Content() (map[common.Address]types.Transactions, map[common.Address]types.Transactions)
Content retrieves the data content of the transaction pool, returning all the pending as well as queued transactions, grouped by account and sorted by nonce.
func (*TxPool) GasPrice ¶ added in v1.6.2
GasPrice returns the current gas price enforced by the transaction pool.
func (*TxPool) Get ¶ added in v1.4.17
func (pool *TxPool) Get(hash common.Hash) *types.Transaction
Get returns a transaction if it is contained in the pool and nil otherwise.
func (*TxPool) GetHeadGovState ¶
func (pool *TxPool) GetHeadGovState() (*vm.GovernanceState, error)
func (*TxPool) Locals ¶ added in v1.8.14
Locals retrieves the accounts currently considered local by the pool.
func (*TxPool) Pending ¶ added in v1.4.17
Pending retrieves all currently processable transactions, grouped by origin account and sorted by nonce. The returned transaction set is a copy and can be freely modified by calling code.
func (*TxPool) SetGasPrice ¶ added in v1.6.2
SetGasPrice updates the minimum price required by the transaction pool for a new transaction, and drops all transactions below this threshold.
func (*TxPool) State ¶
func (pool *TxPool) State() *state.ManagedState
State returns the virtual managed state of the transaction pool.
func (*TxPool) Stats ¶
Stats retrieves the current pool stats, namely the number of pending and the number of queued (non-executable) transactions.
func (*TxPool) Status ¶ added in v1.7.3
Status returns the status (unknown/pending/queued) of a batch of transactions identified by their hashes.
func (*TxPool) SubscribeNewTxsEvent ¶ added in v1.8.9
func (pool *TxPool) SubscribeNewTxsEvent(ch chan<- NewTxsEvent) event.Subscription
SubscribeNewTxsEvent registers a subscription of NewTxsEvent and starts sending event to the given channel.
type TxPoolConfig ¶ added in v1.6.2
type TxPoolConfig struct { Locals []common.Address // Addresses that should be treated by default as local NoLocals bool // Whether local transaction handling should be disabled Journal string // Journal of local transactions to survive node restarts Rejournal time.Duration // Time interval to regenerate the local transaction journal PriceLimit uint64 // Minimum gas price to enforce for acceptance into the pool PriceBump uint64 // Minimum price bump percentage to replace an already existing transaction (nonce) AccountSlots uint64 // Number of executable transaction slots guaranteed per account GlobalSlots uint64 // Maximum number of executable transaction slots for all accounts AccountQueue uint64 // Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots permitted per account GlobalQueue uint64 // Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots for all accounts Lifetime time.Duration // Maximum amount of time non-executable transaction are queued }
TxPoolConfig are the configuration parameters of the transaction pool.
type TxStatus ¶ added in v1.7.3
type TxStatus uint
TxStatus is the current status of a transaction as seen by the pool.
type Validator ¶ added in v1.3.2
type Validator interface { // ValidateBody validates the given block's content. ValidateBody(block *types.Block) error // ValidateState validates the given statedb and optionally the receipts and // gas used. ValidateState(block, parent *types.Block, state *state.StateDB, receipts types.Receipts, usedGas uint64) error // ValidateWitnessData validates the given witness result. ValidateWitnessData(height uint64, data common.Hash) error }
Validator is an interface which defines the standard for block validation. It is only responsible for validating block contents, as the header validation is done by the specific consensus engines.
type Wh2Callback ¶
type Wh2Callback func(*types.HeaderWithGovState) error
type WhCallback ¶ added in v1.4.0
WhCallback is a callback function for inserting individual headers. A callback is used for two reasons: first, in a LightChain, status should be processed and light chain events sent, while in a BlockChain this is not necessary since chain events are sent after inserting blocks. Second, the header writes should be protected by the parent chain mutex individually.
type WriteStatus ¶ added in v1.4.0
type WriteStatus byte
WriteStatus status of write
const ( NonStatTy WriteStatus = iota CanonStatTy SideStatTy )
Source Files
¶
- block_validator.go
- blockchain.go
- blockchain_insert.go
- blocks.go
- chain_indexer.go
- chain_makers.go
- dexon_chain_makers.go
- error.go
- events.go
- evm.go
- gaspool.go
- gen_genesis.go
- gen_genesis_account.go
- genesis.go
- genesis_alloc.go
- governance.go
- headerchain.go
- state_processor.go
- state_transition.go
- tx_cacher.go
- tx_journal.go
- tx_list.go
- tx_pool.go
- types.go
Directories
¶
Path | Synopsis |
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Provides support for dealing with EVM assembly instructions (e.g., disassembling them).
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Provides support for dealing with EVM assembly instructions (e.g., disassembling them). |
Package bloombits implements bloom filtering on batches of data.
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Package bloombits implements bloom filtering on batches of data. |
Package rawdb contains a collection of low level database accessors.
|
Package rawdb contains a collection of low level database accessors. |
Package state provides a caching layer atop the Ethereum state trie.
|
Package state provides a caching layer atop the Ethereum state trie. |
Package types contains data types related to Ethereum consensus.
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Package types contains data types related to Ethereum consensus. |
Package vm implements the Ethereum Virtual Machine.
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Package vm implements the Ethereum Virtual Machine. |
runtime
Package runtime provides a basic execution model for executing EVM code.
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Package runtime provides a basic execution model for executing EVM code. |